Practice Exam 4

Cross-functional team member/developer

You are developing frequently, providing feedback, and delivering value. What role are you playing in an agile or adaptive project environment?

Activities are repeated until correct or accepted

Describe activities within an iterative or agile project life cycle.

Burndown Chart

In an iteration based agile environment, tool or technique can be used in the control schedule process?

Product Owner

The role of a service request manager is closely aligned to what role?

Scrum

What framework produces the following artefacts: product backlog, sprint backlog, and product increments?

Value Stream Mapping

A lean enterprise technique used to document, analyze, and improve the flow of information of materials required to produce a product or service for a customer is called what?

Framework

A basic system or structure of ideas or facts that support an approach is called a what?

Specification By Example

A collective approach to defining requirements and business-oriented functional tests for software products based on capturing and illustrating requirements using realistic examples instead of abstract statements is called what?

Multi-tiered Structure

A contract structure that allows a level of flexibility by describing different aspects in documents where the fixed items can be locked into a master agreement and dynamic items such as scope, schedule, and budget can be formalized in a lightweight state of work is called a what?

1) Only the fully completed items are demonstrated to the product owner 2) The team demonstrates completed work items at the end of the iteration 3) The product owner reviews the product increments for acceptance/rejection

A fundamental for agile projects is to deliver working products frequently. When considering an iteration based agile project, what are some true statements?

88%

A newly formed agile team is working together for the first time. At the beginning of the project, the team estimated that they could complete 26 story points per iteration. Each iteration is two weeks in duration, and they have planned to complete 16 iterations. At the end of the first iteration, the team completed 23 story points. What is their SPI (schedule performance index)?

Known elements of the project are managed predictively, and evolving elements are managed adaptively

A project life cycle provides the basis framework for managing the project through a series of phases that a project passes through from its inception to its completion. What accurately describes a hybrid life cycle?

Kanban

A service request manager is equivalent to a product owner and he/she is the person responsible for ordering service requests to maximize value in a continuous flow environment. What framework typically uses such a role?

Spike

A short time interval within a project which is usually of a fixed length where a team conducts research or creates a prototype of a solution to prove its validity is called a what?

User Story Mapping

A visual practice of organizing work into a useful model to help understand the sets of high-value features to be created over time is called what?

Every user story has unique acceptance criteria

Acceptance criteria are considered to be a set of conditions that are required to be met before deliverables are accepted. What is a true statement about acceptance criteria?

Swarming

Accruing technical debt or design debt refers to deferred cost of work not done at an earlier point in the product life cycle. In an agile project, it is recommended that technical debt be cleared at the end of an iterative cycle or through the progression of the project. What are some ways in which to avoid or minimize technical debt?

The entire team gets together and discusses the acceptance criteria for a work product

Adherence to quality norms is vital for successful agile project delivery. there are many technical practices that help the team to deliver at their maximum speed while adhering to quality. Acceptance test-Driven Development (ATDD) is a technical practice where...?

Project Quality

Agile methods are based on the premise that it is better to deliver small batches of work frequently. This allows teams to identify any issues or inconsistencies early in the project. This is particularly useful when monitoring and controlling what?

1) Encourage the team to self-organize the work 2) Promote open communication via daily stand-ups 3) Provide co-located team workspaces

Agile principles encourage you to build projects around motivated individuals and give them the environment and support they need as well as trust the to get the job done. What are some statements that support this principle?

Unexpected or unforeseen delays

Agile projects often deal with high rates of change or uncertainty. if you are finding that you need to ask the team to check in more frequently, visibly track impediments on an impediment board, and you are trying to visualize the flow of work in progress, you are most likely experiencing what?

3 to 6 months

Agile release planning provides a high-level summary timeline of the release schedule based on the product roadmap, its vision, and evolution. What is the average length of time typically considered for a high-level summary timeline of a release schedule?

Task Switching

Agile teams experience productivity losses between 20% to 40% when they are what?

1) Teams finish valuable and quality work faster when focused on optimizing the flow of value 2) Teams waste less time as they are dedicated to the project and they do have to multitask 3) Team members are most likely to collaborate when focused on optimizing the flow of value

Agile/adaptive principles promote the building of teams of motivated individuals and advocate giving them the environment and support they need to work as a team to get the job done. What are some benefits of agile/adaptive teams focused on optimizing the flow of value?

Promoting knowledge sharing among the team members

All projects are risky since they are unique undertakings with varying degree of complexity that aim to delver benefits. Hence, organizations take a pragmatic approach to managing risks in a controlled and intentional manner to create value while balancing risk and reward. How are risks managed and understood in high-variability agile projects?

Estimate the cost of setting up global versus local terms

Although adaptive projects promote face-to-face communication, this is not always possible when considering global terms. What is a key consideration related to project communication management for a global team using adaptive project practices?

Absent Team Facilitator

An agile project team working on a new service deployment project is constantly struggling with being able to remove obstacles and barriers, what might be the possible cause for this condition?

Social Contract

An agile team charter may include items such as working agreements, meeting ground rules, and what the definition of done means to the team. The team charter can also be referred to as the what?

Scrum board, Kanban board, and Burndown chart

An information radiator is a visible physical display that provides information to the rest of the organization enabling up-to-the-minute knowledge sharing without having to disturb the team. What are some typical examples of information radiators in agile/adaptive projects?

The amount of work completed

An iteration burndown chart improves transparency and visibility and should be displayed in the agile team working area. An iteration burndown chart can provide valuable data at a glance, but does not include what?

Siloed Organization

An organization structure that is set up in such a way that it only manages to contribute to a subset of the aspects required for delivering value to the customer is called a what?

Scope is defined, developed, and refined iteratively through the lifecycle of the project

As a project manager, you are handling a project in an adaptive environment with high risk, uncertainty, and changing requirements. In this case, when do you define the project scope?

Value-driven

As it related to project procurement management in agile/adaptive projects, many vendor relationships are governed by fixed milestones, "phase gates" focused on intermediate artifacts, rather than full deliverable of incremental business value. Payment terms can be structured based on ____________ deliverables in order to enhance the project's agility.

An agile PMO is value-driven, An agile PMO is multidisciplinary, and An agile PMO is invitation-oriented

As organizations continue to adopt agile practices the traditional role of the project management office (PMO) is also continuing to change and evolve. Describe the changing role of the agile PMO.

The expectations from a project manager will not change but the control of the detailed product planning and delivery is delegated to the team

As part of the Project Integration Management knowledge area, what can be expected for a project manager working in an agile/adaptive environment?

Promote face-to-face conversation

Ben is leading a new team of generalized-specialists, what advice would you give Ben with regards to the efficient and effective method of conveying information within an agile development team on an ongoing and regular basis?

Working Software

Bill has been working on an agile project and he is trying to determine how he can showcase the progress the team has made to his project stakeholders. In an agile/adaptive project what is the primary measure of progress?

Deliver value to the customer frequent intervals

Bill has traditionally been working in predictive project delivery projects. Recently Bill was asked to lead an agile project for a new software release for his company. What is one of the key goals Bill needs to consider in agile project delivery?

1) What can the team deliver quickly to obtain early feedback and benefit the next delivery cycle? 2) How can I help the project team embrace the agile or adaptive practices? 3) How can the servant leadership approach benefit the achievements of the team's goals?

Bob is new to agile approaches. he has been asked to work on an agile project team to re-engineer processes within the organization with a mandate to achieve a 5% efficiency improvement. Jim is an experienced agile coach working in the same organization. Bob decided to seek out some advice from Jim regarding his new project embracing an agile mindset. What questions will help Bob in embracing an agile mindset?

Split larger user stories into smaller ones that are more manageable in a single iteration

Bob is working on an agile project. His team is constantly coming up with inaccurate estimates. What tactic can Bob suggest to this team in order to alleviate this problem?

Team can maximize business value through successive prototypes

Business value can be defined as they net quantifiable benefit derived from a business owner. That benefit may be tangible and/or intangible. Predictive projects typically deliver business value at the end of the project. Describe the delivery of business value in an agile or adaptive project.

Embraced for the customer's competitive advantage

Changes are inevitable in any project. High-uncertainty projects have high rates of change, complexity, and risks. Agile approaches can explore feasibility in short cycles and quickly adapt based on evaluation and feedback. In an agile project changes are what?

If the closing process group prematurely closes a project or phase, there is a high chance that some useful business value will have been realized

Closing processes are the processes performed to formally complete or close a project, phase, or contract. The work on iterative, adaptive, and agile projects is prioritized to understand the highest business value items first. What is true regarding the iterative, adaptive, and agile projects and the closing process group?

Product Owner

David is working on a project that will develop vehicle safety software that will be utilized by fleet management companies. He is responsible for ranking the project work based on its business value to his customer. What role is David playing?

A system of practices, techniques, procedures, and rules used by those who work in a discipline

Define methodology.

Team checklist of the criteria that needs to be met in order for a deliverable to be considered complete

Describe the "definition of done"?

LeSS promotes the use of principles such as systems thinking, whole product focus, and transparency

Describe the Large Scale Scrum (LeSS) framework.

1) DA puts people first enumerating roles and organization elements at various levels 2) DA was designed to offer a balance between those popular agile methods that are too narrow in focus 3) DA tailors processes to achieve specific outcomes and offers guidance on cross-departmental governance

Disciplined Agile (DA) is a process decision framework that integrates several agile best practices into a comprehensive model. Describe it.

Scalable, Learning-oriented, and People-first

Disciplined Agile (DA) is a process decision framework that integrates several agile best practices into a comprehensive model. What are some of its principles?

Face-to-face Communication

During the monitoring and controlling phase of the project, a project manager is monitoring the process of ensuring project information is shared with the project team and stakeholders. The preferred method for communicating in an agile environment is what?

1) The schedule performance index (SPI) using earned schedule metrics can be noted as ES/AT (actual time) 2) If the amount if earned schedule is greater than 0, then the project is considered ahead of schedule 3) Earned schedule theory replaces the schedule variance measures used in traditional EVM

Earned schedule (ES) is an emerging trend in project cost management. What are 3 true statements about earned schedule (ES)?

Cost Performance Index

Earned value management (EVM) integrated the cope baseline with the cost baseline and schedule baseline to form the performance measurement baseline. What traditional EVM metrics can be translated into agile terms for measuring costs?

Mutually beneficial partnership with suppliers

Emerging trends and practices in modern project quality management seek to minimize variation and deliver results that meet defined stakeholder requirements. What is the practice in modern project quality management that creates value, optimizes costs and resources and meets the customer's need and expectations through joint relationships?

1) Ability to perceive and manage others' feelings 2) Advanced relationship management skills 3) Increased self-awareness and self-management

Emotional intelligence is described as the ability to identify, assess, and manage the personal emotions of oneself and other people, as well as the collective emotions of groups of people. When on has invested in personal emotional intelligence (EI), they display what characteristics?

Stakeholders

Modern quality management approaches seek to minimize variation and to deliver results that meet the requirements. In agile environments, customer satisfaction is maintained throughout the project by engagement of the team and what?

1) Generalizes the scrum techniques to be applied across various scenarios 2) Extends the use of scrum across all aspects of the organization 3) Scales the scrum method with supplemental techniques as necessary

Enterprise scrum is a framework designed to apply the scrum method on a more holistic organizational level rather than on a single product development effort. What are some true statements about enterprise scrum?

Organizational Biases

Every project exists in an organizational context where the cultures, structure, and policies can influence both the direction and the outcome of any project. These dynamics can challenge the most experienced project leaders. The preferences of an organization on a set of scaled characterized by the following core values: exploration versus execution, speed versus stability, quantity versus quality, and flexibility versus predictability relates to what?

1) Is anyone working on anything that is not on the board? 2) What do we need to do to advance this piece of work? 3) Are there any bottlenecks or blockers for the flow of work?

Flow-based agile has a different approach to stand-ups where they focus on team's throughput. During the stand-ups meeting the team addresses what questions?

Frequently review incremental work products

High variability environments by nature incur more project risk. In order to manage and mitigate these risks, what strategy can be embraced within an environment that has adopted an agile method?

Agile and Kanban are descendants of lean thinking

How best can one describe the relationship between lean, agile, and the Kanban methods?

1) Can be used as an interim approach when an organization is transitioning from traditional to agile methods 2) ideal when there is a high degree of uncertainty early in the project life cycle followed by predictive execution 3) Well known elements can be executed predictively; evolving requirements executed iteratively

In project integration management, one of the key considerations given is the selection of the development life cycle and approach that is most appropriate for the product, service, or result being created. What are some true statements regarding hybrid approaches?

80 cents on the dollar

If an agile team has a total fixed budget of $3.5M and they have spent $2.8M to date and have completed 90% of the project deliverables within 22 of the 30 iterations planned, what is their CPI (cost performance index)?

Feature Driven Development (FDD)

If you are working on an agile/adaptive project and you are able to take one or more roles, what agile/adaptive method are you practicing? The roles are product manager, chief architect, development manager, chief programmer, domain expert, and class owner?

Communication Strategies

Implementing ____________ is important to maintaining effective relationships with the stakeholders in an adaptive project.

Generalist-specialists

In Project Resource Management, within the executing process group you are acquiring resources, and developing and managing the team. In order to optimize delivery, agile teams are made up of what?

Can change depending on the time required to build a product feature

In a flow-based agile lifecycle, the team pulls features from the backlog based on its capacity to start work rather than on an iteration-based schedule. Describe the cycle time required to complete project work.

Story Point

In agile or adaptive project practices, a unit-less of measure used in relative user story estimation technique is called what?

Dynamic Scope Option

In agile projects with a fixed budget contract the supplier may offer the customer the option to vary the project scope at specific predefined points in the project. The customer is given the option to adjust features to fit the capacity and needs of the project. Then the customer can leverage innovation opportunities while limiting the supplier's risk of over commitment. This contracting technique is called what?

Validate Scope and Control Scope

In an agile or adaptive environment, within Project Scope Management, what are the two processes that are repeated for each iteration to ensure that the project deliverables within the product backlog meet the current needs?

Collective Code Ownership

In an agile or an adaptive project, a project acceleration and collaboration technique whereby any team member is authorized to modify any project work, product, or deliverable, thus emphasizing team-wide accountability is called what?

Project sponsor and customer representatives

In an iteration based adaptive project, validate scope and control scope are the two processes repeated for each iteration. What two key roles are typically engaged in these processes?

Time-boxed to a pre-defined duration for each iteration

In an iteration-based agile project using a scrum framework, the team develops the items with the highest business value first by collaborating with each other to accomplish the work. The length of time for each iteration is what?

Project Resource Management

In high variability projects, lean methods and agreements for fast supply are important to control costs and achieve the project schedule. Which knowledge area does this relate to?

Risks are identified and addressed at the beginning and execution of each iteration

In high-variability environments using an adaptive or agile approach how are risks best mitigated?

1) The product owner works with the team to write the stories together 2) Teams discusses and refines the concepts into as many stories as required 3) The overall story concept is presented to the team by the product owner

In iterative agile projects, the product owner will often work with the team to prepare user stories for the upcoming iteration in a backlog refinement session. What are some characteristics of backlog refinements?

Aggressive Transparency

In order to ensure relevant project information is shared with the right people at the right time across the organization, agile principles promote what?

Business Value

Integrated change control is the process of reviewing, approving, and managing all change requests. In an agile environment changes are primarily evaluated based on what?

1) Why are we doing this project? 2) Who benefits and how? 3) How are we going to work together?

It is highly recommended that every project has a project charter. Among many benefits this document articulates the relevance and objectives of the project for the project team members. When considering an agile project, what are some key questions a project team would be able to garner from the project charter?

Servant Leadership

Jane is leading a complex project and is demonstrating the following characteristics: active listening, coaching, and promoting the energy and intelligence of others as well as a safety, respect, and trust. What leadership style is Jane demonstrating?

Backlog Refinement

Jim is a product owner working on an iteration-based agile project. he regularly works with the development team to prepare some stories for the upcoming iteration. He does this during one or more sessions in the middle of the iteration. This process is called what?

Advise Jim that the scope and schedule for the app can be adjusted to stay within cost constraints to launch app with basic functionality

Jim is opening a new restaurant. One of Jim's friends who works in the mobile app industry advises Jim that he should consider launching a mobile app to help customers place take-out orders ahead of coming to the store. Jim thinks that a mobile app would be a great idea, but he is concerned as he is operating on a very tight budget. Jim's friend introduces Jim to a senior product owner in his company for an introductory meetings. How do you think this senior product owner should best advise Jim?

Conducting Retrospectives

Jim is working on a new iteration based agile project. How would Jim ensure his team captures the best practices or lessons learned?

Plan to the team's actual capacity and not to more

John is working on an agile team that isn't fully utilized at all times and finds that there is an uneven flow of incoming work. He is often waiting for things to work on, and then is rushed to complete assignments. What is one things that would make a difference during planning to ensure the team is being utilized effectively?

A demonstration/review meeting

Julie is the product owner at a marketing company. Her project is launching a new social media platform that is being customized for internal use. A key feature is not working as intended, and Julie has declined to accept the product increment created by the team. In what forum would this occur?

Time it took the deliver an item from the time it was added to the board to the time it was delivered

Lead time is one of the measurements used by flow-based agile teams. Lead time can be defined as...?

Agile methods build and review prototypes and in order to refine the requirements

Linda works for an organization that is complementing its existing product line to introduce a new add-on product that already has some competition in the market. She wants to release something quickly, as there is a noticeable drop in sales revenue as customers opt to select a single vendor that meets their needs. Linda is very familiar with the top three features that competition offers, and wants to release something comparable from the rest. Linda has managed to get one of her existing customers to agree to participate in a pilot program and provide real-time feedback. because requirements are still evolving, the team is taking an iterative and agile approach to the scope of the project. A key benefit to this approach is that what?

Project manager and the project team members

Project Integration Management combines and unifies processes and activities across all knowledge areas. In an agile environment who is responsible for engaging the project team in project integration activities?

1) Pre-agreed, consistent duration that aids with scheduling of project meetings 2) Daily stand-ups are time-boxed to no longer than 15 mins of duration each day 3) Daily stand-ups, iteration planning, retrospective, and demos are time-boxed

Lucy is a new tester who has recently joined your iteration based agile project. As the servant leader, you are helping Lucy get acclimated to the terminology and processes of iteration based agile. Describe time-boxing in iteration based agile practices.

Changes to out a stringer emphasis on coaching and facilitating the team as well, clears barriers for the team as impediments arise

Managing a project using an agile approach requires the entire team to adopt an agile mindset. In this endeavor many roles will change from established predictive methods. The traditional role of the project manager within an agile environment...?

Throughout the project life cycle

Project Quality Management includes the processes to identify, acquire, and manage the resources needed for the successful completion of the project. When working on an agile or adaptive project, when should the quality reviews be conducted?

Recurring Retrospectives

Project Quality Management supports continuous process improvement activities as undertaken on behalf of the performing organization. Agile methods call for frequent quality review steps to be built in throughout the project life cycle. These are called what?

1) Sampling progress frequently via short iterative cycles 2) Measuring the number of change impacts and defect remediation 3) Track, review, and regulate progress by maintaining a prioritized backlog

Monitoring and controlling processes are required to track, review and regulate the progress and performance of the project; identify any areas in which the changes to plan are required; and initiate the corresponding changes. When working on agile and adaptive projects, what are some true statements regarding the monitoring and controlling process group?

1) Avoid duplicating effort by multiple team members 2) Large number of features developed are rarely used by the customer 3) Work on only what is essential and valuable to the customer

One of the 12 agile principles states that "simplicity - the art of maximizing the amount of work not done - is essential." What are some statements that support this principle?

Backlog Preparation and Backlog Refinement

One of the agile principles state: "simplicity - the art of maximizing the amount of work not done is essential." What process directly supports this agile principle?

1) Product owner works with the team to create the user stories 2) Servant leader works to clear barriers and issues for the team 3) Product owner works to prepare and refine the backlog

One of the agile principles states that "business people and developers must work together daily throughout the project." What are some practices that supports this agile principle?

Used to document, analyze, and improve the flow of information of materials required to produce a product or service for a customer

One of the four main reasons a project can be initiated is to create, improve, or fix products, processes, or services. Within this umbrella, as it related to business process improvements, an organization can implement a project resulting in a lean six stigma value stream mapping exercise. Value stream mapping can be defined as a technique that is what?

Lean Management

Planning for physical and human resources is much less predictable in high variability projects. Concepts such as just-in-time (JIT), Kaizen, total productive maintenance (TPM), the theory of constraints (TOC) are based on what and can be embraced for fast supply and better cost management?

1) Look for root cause of issues and suggest trials of new approaches as a means to improve quality 2) Focus on small batches of work with the aim to uncover inconsistencies and quality issues early 3) Recurring retrospectives regularly check on the effectiveness of the quality processes

Producing quality products or services is a key defining factor in successful project delivery. Agile methods call for frequent quality reviews through built in steps throughout the project rather than toward the end of the project. What are some true statements regarding adherence of quality processes in an agile project?

Set-up a dedicated, cross-functional, self-organizing team

Project Resource Management practices are changing and evolving. Projects with high variability and uncertainty benefit from team structures that maximize focus and collaboration. When considering an adaptive project, the preference is to what?

The Product Owner

Product scope is the features and functions that characterize a product, service, or result. When considering an agile environment, who is responsible for defining the scope of the product deliverables?

1) Finance departments may need to capitalize the product(s) in different ways 2) Internal management processes and policies may require greater flexibility 3) Procurement teams need to change contracts that allow frequent delivery of value

Project agility has many organizational considerations. Business practices that allow agile/adaptive teams to be successful include what?

An approach that is both iterative and incremental to refine work items and delivery of output frequently to the customer

Projects can be established for a number of reasons and they can be undertaken in a variety of ways. Describe an agile life cycle approach.

1) Post project artefacts publicly to surface issues quickly 2) Include stakeholders in project meetings as appropriate 3) Promote aggressive transparency with all key stakeholders

Projects experiencing a high degree of change require active engagement and participation with stakeholders. The regular interactions with the stakeholder community will help mitigate risk, build trust, and likely increase the success of the project. What are some tactics for engaging stakeholders actively and regularly?

Non-functional Requirements

Requirements that describe the environmental conditions or qualities required for the product to be effective including reliability, security, performance, safety, level of service supportability and retention are known as what?

1) Retrospectives can occur when the team appears to be stick 2) Retrospectives can occur when the team completes a release 3) Retrospectives help the team when work is not flowing through

Retrospectives are an important element of agile project practices as it allows the teams to reflect and make improvements to the product as well as team processes. What are some true statements about retrospectives?

1) Work hand-in-hand with the team to find various ways to explore and write the stories together, making sure all the stories are small enough for the team to produce a steady flow work 2) Encourage the team to work as triads of developer, tester, and business analyst to discuss and write user stories that delivery business value to the customer 3) Present the overall story concept to the development team and allow the team the opportunity to discuss and refines the concepts unto user stories

Rob is a seasoned product owner working on an intense agile project for a new product launch. In order to ensure the project remains as efficient as possible, Rob uses several tactics for product backlog refinement. What are some ways in which Rob can conduct backlog preparation and refinement?

Meta Scrum

Scrum of scrums is a technique that is used when two or more scrum teams consisting of three to nine members each need to coordinate their work instead of establishing one large scrum team which can be inefficient. In scrum of scrums, a representative from each team attends a meeting with other team representatives with the goal of ensuring the efficiency of all the teams. What is another term that can be used to describe scrum of scrums?

1) The work on a scrumban project is organized into small "sprints" 2) The work on a scrumban project is managed by suing work-in-progress limits 3) Scrumban uses Kanban boards to visualize and monitor the work

Scrumban is a hybrid agile framework where teams use scrum as a project management framework and Kanban for process improvement. What are some characteristics of scrumban?

Work remaining, Rate of completion, and Time remaining

Some iteration-based projects use burndown charts to see how the project is progressing over time. Burndown charts show what?

System behavior, human behavior, and ambiguity

Some projects may be referred to as complex and difficult to manage. Complex can also be described as intricate or complicated. The three dimensions of complexity can be defined as what?

Mobbing

Successful agile teams work together and collaborate in a variety of ways. A technique in which multiple team members focus simultaneously and coordinate their contribution on a particular work item is called what?

Servant Leader

Successful projects require leaders with strong interpersonal and leadership skills. Leadership is described as the ability to lead a team and inspire them to do their jobs as well. In project management, there are multiple leadership theories defining leadership styles that should be incorporated as needed for each situation or team. What leadership style is best suited for an agile project?

Product Owner

Susan is responsible for interfacing with the customer and key stakeholders, managing customer requirements and expectations, and helping the customer determine the work that is of most value to them. What role is Susan playing?

Detailed estimates are reserved for short-term planning horizon in just-in-time fashion

Susan is working on an agile project. The project sponsor is looking for detailed estimates for her project. What should Susan say to her project sponsor?

Team facilitator/servant leader

Team collaboration through dedicated, cross-functional teams is intended to boost productivity and facilitate innovative problem solving. What role provides the team with a platform and work environment conductive to successful team collaboration in an agile/adaptive project?

1) What are the risks or impediments in my way? 2) What work did I complete? 3) What am I planning to complete before the next standup?

Teams use daily standup meetings to uncover problems, barriers, issues, and to report the status of what each member is working on. This process ensures the team members stay connected with each other and open the lines of communication among each other in a consistent manner. What are some questions asked during the daily standup meetings?

Fixed-price Increments

The Agile Manifesto values "customer collaboration over contract negotiation." When negotiating procurements and contracts, it may be a good idea to take a more collaborative approach with vendors, and decompose the scope into micro deliverables to limit the financial risk of over-commitment to a single deliverable. This type of contracting technique is called what?

Time-boxing

The Kanban method can be used in a variety of settings and is considered to be less prescriptive than other agile approaches. Unlike other agile methods Kanban, does not promote the notion of what?

1) Flexibility - teams are not bound by time-boxes and will work on the highest priority in a backlog 2) Increased productivity and quality - productivity and quality are increased by limiting work in progress 3) Focus on continuous delivery - teams are focused on flowing work through the system to completion

The Kanban method may be best used when a team or organization is in need of what conditions?

Master Services Agreement

The Project Procurement Management processes involve agreements between the two parties - a buyer and a seller. For large projects that may use an adaptive approach, the two parties need to sign what?

The series of phases that a project passes through from its start to its completion

The continuum of project life cycles can be defined as what?

1) One of the questions that is answered in a daily stand-up is: "what are my impediments?" 2) Anyone of the team members including the team facilitator can facilitate a daily stand-up 3) The daily standups are time-boxed to 15 mins and are typically held at the same time each day

The daily standups are a critical success factor to teams working in an agile project. What are some true statements about the daily standup meeting in an iteration-based agile project?

1) Relevant stakeholders and the team conduct regular retroactive reviews 2) Each iteration is short, fixed time period to undertake work executed 3) Team members are empowered to self-organize the work executed

The executing processes are performed to complete the work defined in the project management plan to satisfy the project requirements. In most agile, iterative, and adaptive life cycles the work is executed in iterations. Describe the executing process group when working on an agile, iterative, and adaptive life cycle.

An iterative life cycle allows for feedback of unfinished work whereas an incremental life cycle provides deliverables that the customer may use immediately

The fundamental delineation between an iterative life cycle and an incremental life cycle can be best described as what?

Equals the average number of story points or stories completed in an iteration

The term "velocity" is commonly used in agile practices. Describe velocity.

1) A safe and open work environment 2) An environment that promotes honesty 3) Transparency with team members

The organization's culture is known to be its DNA. When considering an agile transformation journey, it is important to understand how the organization's culture will influence the use of agile approaches. Although organization culture is difficult to change, what are some qualities that can influence employees' willing to be open to change?

Single Loop Learning

The practice of attempting to solve organizational problems by only using specific predefined methods, without challenging the methods in light of experience is called what?

In iteration-based agile life cycle, iterations are time-boxed to a predefined length of time; in a flow-based agile life cycle the iterations are not time-boxed to a predefined duration

The primary difference between the iteration-based agile life cycle and a flow-based agile life cycle is what?

UX Design

The process of enhancing the user experience by focusing on improving the usability the accessibility to be found in the interaction between the user and the product it called what?

It is a document that is revisited and revalidated on a frequent basis

The project charter serves as a document that formally authorizes the existence of a project, and it establishes the partnership between the requestor and the organization performing the work. When working in an adaptive environment, what is true regarding to the project charter?

Adaptive

The project team defined the detailed scope and received approval before the start of the next iteration. They have been repeating this process every month for the past six months now. Whenever they encounter changes, they do their best to incorporate them into the next iteration's detailed scope. This project team is likely following what type of life cycle?

1) Intellectual capability is preserved and expanded as necessary 2) A common understanding is developed for the approach to the work 3) The team can depend on each other to deliver the committed work

The role of the servant leader or team facilitator is typically responsible for creating and promoting a stable work environment for a team working on an agile project. What are some goals of achieving a stable work environment?

Project manager, Team coach, or Scrum master

The team facilitator in an agile or adaptive project is also the servant leader. This role is designed to remove impediments, support the team, and provide a stable work environment among other responsibilities. This role may also be referred to as what?

1) Projects with high-degree of uncertainty can use "lightweight" estimation methods to generate high-level costs for the project 2) Crystal, Kanban, scrum, FDD, and XP can be considered "lightweight" project management methods within the agile umbrella 3) Colocation and frequent business conversations allow for "lightweight" requirements as gaps in understanding can be easily resolved

The term "lightweight" is commonly used in agile practices. What can this apply to?

Agile processes promote sustainable development maintaining a constant pace

The various agile approaches practiced today share common roots with the agile mindset, values, and principles. Describe an agile environment.

1) People who embrace the agile mindset and collaborate with like-minded colleagues 2) Agile practitioners evaluate and select the most appropriate agile practices for their projects 3) Some agile practitioners feel the role of the project manager is not needed as teams are self-organizing

What are some true statements regarding an agile practitioner?

Velocity

Tim is new to the role of the product owner. He is trying to grasp various metrics he has available to him. He understands that the sum of the total story points for a feature completed in the past iteration allows the team to plan its next capacity more accurately. This historical performance information is called what?

1) fear of failure is one of the main reasons that prevent team members from being open and transparent 2) leading by example is a great way to ensure team members also feel comfortable to be transparent 3) Transparency requires courage to be able to openly communicate issues, challenges, and failures

Transparency and open collaboration are critical success factors in agile or adaptive projects. team members are encouraged to discuss and share their work throughout the project. What are some true statements about transparency in agile/adaptive projects?

Crystal

What agile practice embraces osmotic communications?

1) Progressive elaboration can occur through the use of prototyping 2) Prototypes encourage feedback and understanding of requirements 3) Prototypes provide the opportunity for obtaining early feedback

What are 3 true statements regarding prototypes?

1) Increased use of social computing and social media 2) Taking a multifaceted approach to project communication 3) Inclusion of stakeholders in project and review meetings

What are some emerging trends and practices in project communications management?

1) Establishes team values, agreements, and operating and principles 2) It should be reviewed periodically to ensure a continued understand by all team members 3) Outlines clear expectations regarding acceptable behavior by the project team members

What are some true statements about a team charter?

1) Helps the team determine the timeline for a releasable product 2) It helps in determining the number of sprints in the release 3) Product owner and the team decide on release planning schedule

What are some true statements about agile release planning in Project Schedule Management?

1) Use of tools such as instant messaging, video conferencing, and electronic team boards can bridge the gap of physical distance among team members 2) When team members are disbursed, consider using iteration-based agile approaches in groups of two or three people working together more frequently 3) Dispersed teams may have each team member working in a completely different location, either in an office, or any other location

What are some true statements regarding distributed and dispersed teams?

1) Coordinates between agile/adaptive teams by communicating among multiple projects 2) supports the sharing of information such as progress, issues, and retrospective findings 3) Helps manage major customer releases at the program level and portfolio level investments

What are some true statements regarding multi-project management within agile and adaptive projects?

1) Individuals and interactions over processes and tools 2) Working software over comprehensive documentation 3) Customer collaboration over contract negotiation

What are three of the four values of the Agile Manifesto?

Recurring Retrospectives

What gauges the root-cause of the issues and improve the effectiveness of the quality process in an adaptive environment?

Progressive Elaboration

What is a commonly known term that can apply to both predictive as well as adaptive projects that describes the iterative process of increasing the level of detail in a project management plan as greater amounts of information and more accurate estimates become available what?

On-Demand Scheduling

What is the method that is used in a Kanban system to limit the team's work in progress in order to balance the demand against the team's delivery output?

Servant Leadership Style

What is the most common leadership style advocated within agile and adaptive project management style practices?

Mutually beneficial partnership with suppliers

What is the practice in modern project quality management that creates value, optimizes costs, and resources and meets the customers' needs and expectations?

Kanban

What project management method are you practicing if you are visualizing the workflow, limiting work in progress, managing work, and implementing feedback loops?

1) Team composition can have a positive or negative impact on team productivity 2) Team composition is directly related to one of the four core agile values 3) The best architecture, requirements, and design emerge from self-organizing teams

What should be considered regarding team composition on an agile project?

Self-Organizing Team

What type of team compositions would be best suited to deliver an IT project with highly volatile requirements?

They often do not reflect the real state of the project

When a team transitions from traditional methods to more agile methods, the measurements used to track progress will also change. What is a true statement regarding predictive measurements?

The number of action items should be limited to the teams' capacity

When addressing the improvement opportunities/items that were identified during the retrospective, what guideline should be taken into consideration?

Determining total amount of work delivered and accepted against the elapsed time cycle

When an agile approach is used, how is the current status of the project schedule determined?

Build and review prototypes

When an agile or adaptive approach used to deliver a highly-volatile project, within Project Scope Management, how can you refine and bridge the gap between the real business requirements and the originally stated business requirements?

1) As the number of tasks starts to increase, the work completed band will also increase 2) All bands except work completed should be rising at more or less an even rate 3) A sudden rise within one of the bands can indicate a delay in completing those tasks

When considering a flow-based agile method, and cumulative flow diagram (CFD) is a great tool for tracking and forecasting project work. When reviewing a CFD, what are some indications that a team has trouble with accumulating work?

Predictive Life Cycle

When considering a project where there is very limited opportunity for interim deliverables, what is the most suitable project life cycle the team should select?

Inspection, adaption, and transparency

When considering an agile mindset, what are the three critical factors in delivering value to the customer?

1) Although contracts govern the two parties, vendors typically look after their own financial viability 2) Using a vendor limits the internal competencies needed for sustained flexibility and speed of delivery 3) Once a project has been completed all the knowledge also exists as the vendor completes the project

When considering an agile or adaptive approach in an organization that is procurement-heavy, what would be concerns that should be considered, addressed, and managed?

Team Charter

When considering an agile project, a charter alone might not be sufficient to align a project team when initiating the project. To establish standards and norms for the project, an agile team might also utilize what?

Project Schedule Management

When considering an unpredictable, fast-paced, and highly competitive environment where the long-term scope is difficult to define, iterative and on-demand scheduling are the approaches adapted to provide feedback and suitability of deliverables. Which is the primary knowledge area that can provide guidance to such issues?

Variability risks and ambiguity risks

When considering project risk management, most projects focus only on risks that are uncertain future events that may or may not occur. As project management practices evolve and the focus of risk management broadens, non-event risks now need to be considered. What are considered non-event risks?

That the team members determine how plans and components should integrate

When developing the project integration management plan, one consideration for an agile or adaptive environment is what?

1) Customer acceptance of the project outputs becomes more prevalent 2) Iterative prototypes that involve re-work ight be perceived as negative 3) There may be more frequent handoffs between teams, departments, or vendors

When implementing agile delivery, there are often impacts to the organization that should be taken into consideration. What can impact agile or accelerated delivery?

I-shaped People

When selecting team members to work on an agile project it is important to assemble a team of cross-functional experts. It is advisable to avoid having team members who only have a deep specialization in one specific area, and no other skills or interest in other areas of the project. What describes people who only have a deep specialization in one area?

Blended Agile

When two or more agile frameworks, methods, elements, or practices are used together such as scrum in combination with Kanban, or scrum in combination with extreme programming (XP). This is commonly referred to as what?

Release Plan

When working on an adaptive project where functionality of the product of the project will be required to be ready for the customer at varying time intervals based on business needs, dependencies and other variables, what would provide a high-level summary timeline, typically three to six months ahead for the project team to know what specific functionality needs to be ready and by when?

Personas

When working on an adaptive project, it is important for the development team to be able to visualize the end users of the product of the project. A description of the end users, their goals, motivations, and representative personal characteristics can be defined as what?

Earned Value Analysis

Within Project Cost Management, agile favors empirical and value-based measurements. What would be considered more of a traditional measurement that can also be applied to agile projects?

Rolling Wave Planning

Within Project Schedule Management which tool and technique can be used by both agile and waterfall approaches to deliver incremental value to the customer?

1) When the coaching capability is not yet developed within the organization, an external coach may be required 2) External coaches can provide unbiased and impartial views of the issues and challenges that may arise 3) External coaches have the advantage of experience and knowledge from working on a variety of organizations

You are the new vice president of the e-commerce division for your company. After careful consideration, you would like to make a recommendation that your business group adopts using agile and adaptive project practices. You realize that you have a very limited number of resources who are trained in agile methods. To support this transformation effort, you decide to bring in an external agile coach. What the some true statements regarding inviting an external agile coach into your organization?

Impediment

You are working as part of an agile team and you have come upon a blocker; an issue that is preventing you from proceeding to the next step in the development process. This issue or blocker is more commonly known as a what?

Visualize and limit work in progress, Apply systems thinking, and Take an economic view

You are working for a large telco company and they have just announced that they will be adopting the Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe) for their enterprise level projects. SAFe focuses on providing a knowledge base of patterns for scaling development work across all levels of the enterprise. The SAFe framework is practicing what principles?

The scope and schedule are often adjusted to stay within cost constraints

You are working on a high-variability agile project with a strict budget. In this case, what is a true statement about project cost management?

Hybrid Approach

You are working on a hyper-competitive project in the pharmaceutical industry. There are safety critical product components that require additional documentation and conformance checked beyond what the general agile project management framework suggests. Given the criticality of the successful outcome of your project, what framework/approaches might be best suited for your project?

Ensure regular milestone status updates are provided by the 3rd party contractors

You are working on a large scale agile project and portions of the project work are being contracted to a third party service provider. In this case, due to the adaptive nature of your project, how do you ensure the work is progressing and the schedule us under control?

Fishbowl Windows

You are working on a new agile project where half of the team members are located in New York and the other half is based in Sao Paulo, Brazil. What is one of the techniques that can be used to bridge the gap of physical distance for agile teams working from multiple locations with overlapping time zones?

Product Owner

You are working on a scrum project to deliver a new electronic card access system and you are responsible for maximizing the business value of the product of the project. In this case what role are you playing?

Functional Specifications

You are working on an adaptive project where you are documenting system or application performance requirements. These requirements are better known as what?

Swarming

You are working on an adaptive/agile project and you and your teammates are collectively working on resolving a specific impediment that is preventing the team from moving forward. This technique is called what?

Crystal

You are working on an agile method that realizes that each project may require a slightly tailored set of policies, practices, and processes in order to meet the projects unique characteristics. Its core values include: people, interaction, community, skills, talents; and communication. In this case you are practicing what framework?

Dynamics Systems Development Methods (DSDM)

You are working on an agile project delivery framework where the emphasis is placed on constraint-driven delivery. you are working on what framework?

Organizational, technical, planning, and integration

You are working on an agile project that has adopted Extreme Programming (XP) practices. Within XP there are 12 primary practices that are grouped into four key practice areas (themes). What are the four key practice areas (themes) in XP?

The primary measure of progress is working software [working software or product]

You are working on an agile project using a Kanban project management framework. Your team is measuring story points completed versus actual stories completed. Which one of the agile principles do you think the team is violating by only measuring story points?

Better communication, Reduce cost of learning, and Improved team dynamics

You are working on an agile project with very stringent deadlines and it requires the team members to be collaborating with each other on an ongoing basis. Most of the team members happen to be located in the same geographic area. In order to maximize success and ease communication among team members, you decide to promote the idea of the team working in a collocated manner. What are some benefits of a co-located team?

3 to 9 team members

You are working on an agile team focused on an rapid product development project. In order to gain maximum efficiencies, your ideal team size should fall within what range?

Retrospectives

You are working on an agile/adaptive project with a cross-functional team. What common reflective practice can you adopt to help your team be more efficient when delivering future iterations of the current project?

Product Owner

You are working on creating a new web application in an iteration based agile project. once the product features are created they need to be demonstrated to and accepted by what role?

Agile development followed by a predictive rollout

You have been appointed as the program manager of a large and complex e-commerce software development and end-to-end toll-out program for a financial institution. Due to the number of stakeholders and complexity of the program, the initial requirements are not clearly understood. Upon further discussion with the key stakeholders, you determine that the customer has a strong preference to follow a predictive project delivery method. As part of this program there is a roll-out of the services to over 1,000 retail banks nationwide. Understanding this complexity, you are concerned that you may not be able to deliver the entire project in a predictive way. You ask for a meeting with the project sponsor to convince the sponsor to run the projects within this program in what way?

Cross-functional and Co-located

You have been appointed as the team facilitator for a new agile project. Your project sponsor has asked you to work with the product owner to assemble a team of experts to deliver your project. What is the ideal compilation of an agile project team?

1) Talent management maturity and capabilities inherent within the organization 2) Focus on short-term budgeting and metrics versus long-term organizational goals 3) Leaders rewarded for local efficiencies rather than end-to-end flow of project delivery

You have been asked to engage in leading an agile transformation project for in insurance company. One of the first things you do us to assess the organization's readiness for this change. You realize that in order to be successful there needs to be executive management's support and willingness to change. What would you be looking for as characteristics of the organizations' willing to shift the way it views, reviews, and assesses employees?

Lightweight Estimation

You have been recently hired as an agile coach for an organization that is transitioning from predictive project methods to more hybrid and agile approaches. What technique would you recommend the project teams use to generate project labor forecasts for a project with a high degree variability?

1) Team members assigned to two projects of equal weigh cannot work 50% on each project 2) Team members can make mistakes when working on multiple priorities simultaneously 3) Multitasking reduces the throughput of the team's ability to produce work products

You have been recently hired as an agile coach in a new company wanting to adopt agile and adaptive project management practices. you observe that some of the functional managers are having a challenge understanding the concept of dedicated teams. In building your case to provide an explanation, name some true statements about dedicated team members working in an agile or adaptive project environment.

Due to the size of the project and complexity, it is best to use a predictive approach to ensure project success

Your organization has been tagged to deliver a service improvement project that touches many internal business groups. You are considering using an adaptive method, however, due to the sheer size and scale of the project you are not sure if this would be a viable option. When considering a large project which tailoring considerations would you make?

Refactoring

Your team is using extreme programming inspired engineering practices. XP advocated a product quality technique whereby the design of a product is improved by enhancing its maintainability and other desired attributes without altering its expected behavior. This practice is commonly referred to as what?

Agile Release Planning

___________ provides a high-level summary schedule which determines that features to be developed and shipped to the customer at predefined intervals of time considering blackout windows, seasonality, and customer requirements among other factors

Kanban

what agile methods uses the role of a flow master?