Practice Polar vs. Nonpolar Molecules, Polar and nonpolar
covalent bond
A chemical bond formed when two atoms share electrons
polar covalent bond
A covalent bond in which electrons are NOT shared equally
Which bond types can have polarity?
Covalent bonds
Unequal electron distribution
Creates a dipole in the bond or molecule; electrons shift toward most electronegative element; a dipole has a more positive side and a more negative side
is H-F or H-Cl more polar?
H-F because Floruine is the most electronegative
dipole example
HCI has a dipole with an arrow going towards the Cl
Polarity
In electricity, the quality of having two oppositely charged poles, one positive and one negative: unequal distribution of electrons in the molecule
What kind of bonds are in sodium phosphate
Ionic bond between sodium and phosphate covalent bond between the elements in phosphate overall ionic and covalent bonds
nonpolar
Is CBr4 polar or nonpolar
polar
Is CBrN polar or nonpolar
polar
Is CH2O polar or nonpolar?
nonpolar
Is CI2 polar or nonpolar
nonpolar
Is CS2 polar or nonpolar?
CO2 lewis dot
Non polar; no dipole
CCl₄
Nonpolar
CO₂
Nonpolar
SiH₄
Nonpolar
OF2
Oxygen is the most electronegative so the dipole goes toward oxygen not fluorine
CHCl3
Polar
H₂O
Polar
OCl₂
Polar
nonpolar covalent bond
a covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally by the two atoms
Polar molecule
a covalent compound in which one side of the molecule is slightly negative and the opposite side is slightly positive
nonpolar definition
covalent molecules that have atoms with the same electronegativity values electrons are equally shared
polar definition
covalent molecules that have regions with different electronegativity values electrons are not equally shared has dipoles (+ and - regions) - region; area with a higher electronegativity value (closer to F) + region; area with lower electronegativity value
nonpolar
is BeF2 polar or nonpolar
non polar
is CH4 polar or Nonpolar
polar
is H2S Polar or non polar
polar
is PF3 Polar or non-polar
What happens if there is a lone pair on the central atom
it is always polar
non polar molecule
molecule that shares electrons equally and does not have oppositely charged ends; molecules are symmetrical (able to be cut from any direction and have a mirror image)
polar molecule
molecule with an unequal distribution of charge, resulting in the molecule having a positive end and a negative end; asymmetrical and each part of the lewis dot will not be the same
which solvent dissolves non polar molecules?
non polar solvent; "like dissolves like"
C-H
nonpolar
Is I2 polar or nonpolar?
nonpolar
In which type of bond are electrons shared equally?
nonpolar molecules
CHCl₃
polar
Electrons are not equally shared within this type of bond
polar
H2O
polar
H₂S
polar
NH3
polar
SeCl₂
polar
which solvent dissolves polar molecules?
polar solvent; "like dissolves like"
Dipoles
positive and negative charged ends of a polar covalent molecule, more electronegative element wins, arrow goes toward the element that has the most electrons, more electronegative element
Electronegativity
the ability of an atom to attract electrons when the atom is in a compound
How is the degree of polarity determined?
the difference in the electronegativities between the bonding element
