pregnancy

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of _____.

gestational diabetes and preterm delivery

How can smoking or consuming alcohol during pregnancy potentially affect a woman's grandchild?

if she is carrying a female fetus, eggs form during the 3rd month of her pregnancy

Metformin, the only type of oral medication used to treat gestational diabetes, is useful because it _____.

improves insulin sensitivity

Which sign/symptom is least likely to be associated with preeclampsia?

rapid weight loss

The addition of folic acid as a supplement to grains and flours has helped reduce the incidence of _____.

spina bifida

The term fetal alcohol spectrum is now being used to describe _____.

the range of effects alcohol has on fetal growth and development

Which type of diabetes is potentially the most hazardous to the mother and fetus?

type 1 diabetes

Which of the following is the most likely complication of untreated gestational diabetes?

(not) infant with rebound hyperglycemia during initial days after birth traumatic birth or Caesarean (C-section) delivery

Which correctly described the screening process of Gestational Onset Diabetes Mellitus?

Elevated blood sugar after a 50-gram glucose test at 24 weeks gestation

Children with fetal alcohol syndrome have _____ impairments that result in behavioral and intellectual disabilities.

central nervous system

Gestational diabetes is _____ intolerance that is first recognized during pregnancy.

carbohydrate

How are pregnant women monitored for pre-eclampsia?

check for protein in urine

Which of the following is a treatment for pre-eclampsia?

delivery of the baby and placenta

Multi-fetal pregnancies are NOT at risk of which complication?

macrosomic infants

The primary outcome goal for pregnant women with type 2 diabetes is to _____.

maintain blood glucose levels within the normal range

A challenge of pregnancy in a woman with Type 1 Diabetes is ____________.

maintaining normal blood glucose levels if nausea/vomiting is severe

The initial treatment for gestational diabetes includes _________________.

weight gain management, limiting added sugars and nutrient-poor refined carbohydrates, and regular physical activity

Abnormal facial features such as a flattened face, small upturned nose, and the presence of a smooth ridge with no valley between the nose and lips are characteristics of infants _____.

with fetal alcohol syndrome

What is the current recommendation for alcohol consumption while pregnant in the US?

women who are pregnant should abstain from alcohol