prep u chapter 1 pharm

Which statement made by a nurse would suggest that he/she is involved in a Phase III clinical drug study associated with a new antidepressant?

"Evidence is strong that the medication's benefits certainly outweigh any risks that have been noted."

A client has asked the nurse to research a drug that the client read about online. The nurse's research reveals that it is an orphan drug. What should the nurse teach the client about this drug?

"It could be very difficult to access this drug because it's not readily available on the market."

The nurse is administering Tylenol to a client with a fever. The client expresses usually taking acetaminophen for fever and pain. What should the nurse explain to the client about the name of the drug?

"The name 'Tylenol' is the trade name for acetaminophen."

Which schedule drugs have high abuse potential and no accepted medical use?

1

A nurse is about to administer a drug to a client. The drug is used medically and has a high potential for abuse. What is the drug's schedule? Fill in the blank with the Arabic number that is the equivalent of the Roman numeral.

2

The nurse understands that medications are not just manufactured and dispensed. How many phases of clinical trials must a drug go through in order to meet approval standards?

4

Which statement correctly defines a drug

A drug is any chemical that can affect living processes.

A client has been diagnosed with depression following several months of reduced concentration and sleep difficulties. The client has been prescribed buproprion SR 150 mg PO b.i.d. What should the priority nursing assessment be?

Assessment of the client's mood and affect

When considering controlled substances, what actions are considered nursing responsibilities? (Select all that apply.)

Assuring that the controlled substances in safely stored in locked containers Keeping accurate recordings of the administration of prescribed controlled substances Assuring that the inventory of narcotics is accurate and sufficient for patient needs

A physician has ordered subcutaneous injections of morphine, a narcotic, every 4 hours as needed for pain for a motor vehicle accident victim. The nurse is aware that there is a high abuse potential for this drug and that it is categorized as a:

C-II drug

An instructor is preparing for a class focusing on drug evaluation. The instructor plans to explain why male volunteers are usually selected for drug testing during a phase I study. What would the instructor include as the major reason?

Drugs may harm a woman's ova, which cannot be replaced after birth.

A 22-year-old man has been accepted as a participant in a drug trial while his female friend of the same age was rejected. What is the most likely rationale for this decision?

Drugs pose a risk to the woman's ova.

Which article of legislation specified that drugs must carry the label "may not be distributed without a prescription."

Durham-Humphrey Amendment

Federal legislation dictates a lengthy and rigorous process of testing for new drugs. What is the primary purpose of this testing process?

Ensure the safety of the public.

Genetic engineering allows scientists to produce human insulin by altering which type of bacteria?

Escherichia coli

Which organization is responsible for approving new drugs in the United States?

FDA

Which agency evaluates drugs that have completed phase III?

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

What statement describes a required characteristic of all generic drugs?

Generic drugs must be therapeutically equivalent and less expensive than trade name drugs.

Which are advantages of over-the-counter (OTC) medications? Select all that apply.

Greater autonomy to choose a medication Convenience to access the medications

One of the phases of drug development is the post-marketing surveillance phase. Which activity is carried out during this phase?

Health care providers report adverse effects to FDA.

A nurse working for a drug company is involved in phase I drug evaluation studies. Which of the following might the nurse be responsible for during this stage of drug development?

Informing healthy, young volunteer participants of possible risks that could occur from taking an experimental drug

How can drug therapy or pharmacotherapy be best explained to a client?

It is the use of drugs to prevent, diagnose, or treat symptoms and disease processes

The birth defects associated with thalidomide (Thalomid) resulted in legislation known as th3

Kefauver-Harris Act of 1962.

While reviewing a package insert for a drug, what would the nurse identify as the drug's generic name?

Levothyroxine sodium

A client diagnosed with diabetes mellitus has been started on insulin therapy to control glucose levels. The client does not want to take any medications that come from an animal source. What is the best response by the nurse?

Many forms of insulin, such as genetically engineered, do not use animal products."

The nurse is transcribing physician orders for a client with pneumonia who has been admitted to the hospital. Why should the physician order the medications using the generic name instead of a brand name?

Numerous brand names may exist for the same drug, sothe generic drug should be ordered.

The nurse is working in a community outreach clinic. What should the nurse teach a client about over-the-counter medications?

OTC medications are not risk free.

What is a major disadvantage of using over-the-counter (OTC) medications?

People may choose an OTC that interacts with another medication

Which statement is true regarding either prescription or nonprescription drugs?

Prescription drugs require a written order from a prescriber.

Since 1962, newly developed drugs have been extensively tested before being marketed for general use. What do drug companies do to test drugs initially?

Test the drugs with animals.

The nurse is reviewing a prescription for a medication with a client. On the prescription, the nurse read "DAW." What should the nurse teach the client?

The brand name of the drug must be dispensed.

The nurse treating a client for the past week notes no improvement in the client's condition. Another nurse mentions a new drug that might help the client. The first nurse has never heard of this newly introduced drug. What is the most likely reason that Sally has not heard about this new drug?

The nurse was not aware of or did not have access to reliable resources for new drug information.

The nurse received an order for furosemide (Lasix). Why should the nurse write the generic name on the order sent to the pharmacy?

There is less chance of the wrong drug being given, because trade names can be similar.

Which are true of nonprescription drugs? (Select all that apply.)

They are referred to as over-the-counter drugs. They have certain labeling requirements. They should be taken only as directed on the label.

A nurse working for a drug company is involved in phase III drug evaluation studies. What might the nurse be responsible for during this stage of drug development?

administering investigational drugs to patients

The nurse is educating a client on over-the-counter (OTC) medications. What information is required to be placed on the label of the medication? (Select all that apply.)

adverse reactions dosage of the medication contraindications to the medication

In discussing the safe use of drugs in the institutional setting, what duty is performed by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)

evaluating clients for toxic effects educating clients/caregivers about drugs monitoring clients for drug effects administering drugs

FDA approval of a drug for OTC availability includes:

evaluation of evidence that the consumer can use the drug safely, using information on the product label.

A group of students are reviewing information about the natural sources of drugs. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which as a drug derived from inorganic compounds?

ferrous sulfate (iron)

The nurse instructs the client that some drugs are no longer covered under patent and may be less expensive. What type of drug is the nurse describing?

generic

What term is used to describe drugs identified by their chemical or official name in order to be independent of any manufacturer's assigned name?

generic

The nurse dispensing medications to clients knows that medications have various names. What is the medication name most physicians use to prescribe drugs?

generic name

A new drug has been created by altering DNA. What process has been utilized to create this drug?

genetic engineering

After studying the various sources of drugs, a group of students demonstrate a need for additional study when they identify which as an example of a synthetic source for a drug?

genetic engineering

Which phase of drug development is associated with continual evaluation of the drug?

phase 4 study

Plants and plant parts have been used as medicines since prehistoric times. Morphine (roxanol) is derived from which plant?

poppy

During drug evaluation, chemicals that may have therapeutic value are tested on laboratory animals and would be considered in which stage of development?

preclinical

Which duty related to drug therapy is inconsistent with the role of the registered nurse (RN)?

prescribing drugs

After teaching a group of nursing students about drug classes and categories, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify legend drugs as referred to as which medication?

prescription drugs

What is not a responsibility of the nurse administering a controlled substance to a hospitalized client?

renewing expired controlled substance prescriptions

A nurse is preparing to give a client's scheduled medication and is reviewing the rights of medication administration. What will be included in these rights? Select all that apply.

right drug right route right client right time

What law requires that official drugs must meet standards of purity and strength as determined by chemical analysis or by animal response to specified doses?

the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938

The nurse reviews various legislation related to drug therapy, including the Kefauver-Harris Act. What aspect of drug therapy is most directly affected by this legislation?

the drug testing process overseen by the FDA

A nurse is teaching a client about the pharmacotherapeutics of the hormone replacement therapy that the client has been prescribed. What topic should the nurse address?

the effect of the drug on the client's body

A nurse who provides care in a long-term care facility is documenting a new resident's medication regimen on the resident's intake admission. The nurse is documenting the generic, rather than proprietary or trade, names of the resident's current drugs because:

there is a potential for confusion and miscommunication if proprietary names are used.

The Food and Drug Administration regulates the development and sale of drugs. true or false.

true

A drug being tested is removed from testing during a phase II study. What would be the most likely reason for the drug being removed from testing?

unacceptable adverse effects

When describing the pharmaceutic phase of drug activity to a class, the nursing instructor would describe which event as occurring?

drug dissolution

What is the branch of pharmacology that uses drugs to treat, prevent, and diagnose disease?

pharmacotherapeutics

A client with a rare genetic disorder is prescribed a medication specific to this disorder. What is the name given to drugs manufactured by companies that receive tax benefits to invest in these drugs?

orphan drugs

What is the manufacturer's responsibility during phase IV of a drug trial?

Continue to monitor the drug's effects while the drug is in general use.

Which legislation classified drugs according to potential for abuse?

Controlled Substances Act

Which is an example of a black box warning by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)?

Difficulty breathing and maintaining an airway

A client is started on aripiprazole and the nurse notices the client is experiencing dry mouth and nasal congestion. What intervention does the nurse teach the client to minimize the side effects of the medication?

Drinking frequent sips of water.

A nurse is responsible for maintaining an accurate count and record of the controlled substances on the nursing division. This nursing action is regulated by which law or agency?

Drug Enforcement Administration

Which agency is responsible for the enforcement of controlled substances?

Drug Enforcement Agency

What information does a drug label contain? (Select all that apply.)

brand name of the drug generic name of the drug expiration date of the medication special drug warnings

A nurse is preparing to administer morphine. The nurse understands that this drug is categorized as which schedule of a controlled substance?

c2

A nurse reviews the pregnancy risk categories for several drugs. The nurse would identify a drug belonging to which category as being safest to administer to a pregnant woman?

category A

A nurse is to administer several drugs. A drug belonging to which class would the nurse interpret as being contraindicated for a pregnant woman?

category x

The nurse is administering a medication to a client who reports pain in the knees from arthritis. The nurse observes the name of the drug as p-isobutylhydratropic and recognizes that this refers to a:

chemical name.

The processes that largely determine serum drug levels, adverse effects, and other important aspects of drug therapy is known by what term

clearance

What drug would the nurse discuss when educating a client about the prototype of opioid analgesics?

morphine

The nurse is researching a medication by its generic name. What is another term for a drug's generic name? (Select all that apply.)

official nonproprietary