Prep U Chapter 21; Nursing Assessment; Digestive, GI, Metabolic Function

Which of the following is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of liver disease? Biopsy Cholecystography Paracentesis Ultrasonography

biopsy

While palpating a client's right upper quadrant (RUQ), the nurse would expect to find which structure? Liver Appendix Spleen Sigmoid colon

liver

The nurse is caring for a geriatric client and notices polypharmacy. Which diagnostic studies are anticipated? Blood chemistry Liver function studies Urinalysis Complete blood count

liver function studies

The nurse is caring for a client recovering from an esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Which of the following client symptoms would require further nursing assessment? sore throat abdominal distention thirst drowsiness

abdominal distention

The nurse is to obtain a stool specimen from a client who reported that he is taking iron supplements. The nurse would expect the stool to be which color? Dark brown Green Red Black

black

During a colonoscopy with moderate sedation, the patient groans with obvious discomfort and begins bleeding from the rectum. The patient is diaphoretic and has an increase in abdominal girth from distention. What complication of this procedure is the nurse aware may be occurring? Bowel perforation Colonic polyp Rectal fissure Infection

bowel perforation

The nurse prepares a client for a barium enema. The nurse should place the client on which diet prior to the procedure? soft diet 1 day prior nothing by mouth (NPO) 2 days prior high-fiber diet 1 to 2 days prior clear liquids day before

clear liquids day before

A client is scheduled for several diagnostic tests to evaluate gastrointestinal function. After teaching the client about these tests, the nurse determines that the client has understood the teaching when the client identifies which test as not requiring the use of a contrast medium? Colonoscopy Small bowel series Upper GI series Computer tomography

colonoscopy

The major carbohydrate that tissue cells use as fuel is fats. proteins. chyme. glucose.

glucose

A client reports having red stools lately. What will the nurse ask during assessment questioning? "Have you been taking an iron supplement?" "Have you been drinking grape juice?" "Have you been eating beets?" "Have you been eating spinach?"

have you been eating beets?

Gastrin has which of the following effects on gastrointestinal (GI) motility? Increased motility of the stomach Relaxation of the colon Contraction of the ileocecal sphincter Relaxation of gastroesophageal sphincter

increased mobility of the stomach

A client asks the nurse why the physician ordered the blood test carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). The nurse answers: "It detects a protein normally found in the blood." "It indicates if a cancer is present." "It tells the physician what type of cancer is present." "It determines functionality of the liver."

indicates if a cancer is present

When examining the abdomen of a client with reports of nausea and vomiting, what would the nurse do first? Auscultation Percussion Palpation Inspection

inspection

A client is diagnosed with megaloblastic anemia caused by vitamin B12 deficiency. The health care provider begins the client on cyanocobalamin (Betalin-12), 100 mcg I.M. daily. Which substance influences vitamin B12 absorption? -liver enzyme -intrinsic factor -histamine -hydrochloric acid

intrinsic factor

The nurse asks a client to point to where pain is felt. The client asks why this is important. What is the nurse's best response? -This determines the pain medication to be ordered." -The area may determine the severity of the pain." -If the health care provider massages over the exact painful area, the pain will disappear." -Often the area of pain is referred from another area."

often the area of pain is referred from another area

Which of the following is an enzyme secreted by the gastric mucosa? Bile Ptyalin Pepsin Trypsin

pepsin

A client undergoing a diagnostic examination for gastrointestinal disorder was given polyethylene glycol/electrolyte solution as a part of the test preparation. Which of the following measures should the nurse take once the solution is administered?

permit the client to drink only clear liquids

A client tells the nurse that the stool was colored yellow. The nurse assesses the client for ingestion of bismuth. recent foods ingested. occult blood. pilonidal cyst.

recent foods ingested

Following ingestion of carrots or beets, the nurse would expect which alteration in stool color? Red Black Yellow Milky white

red

The nurse determines a client scheduled to undergo an abdominal ultrasonography should receive which instruction? void exposure to sunlight for at least 6 to 8 hours before the test. Do not consume anything sweet for 24 hours before the test. Do not undertake any strenuous exercise for 24 hours before the test. Restrict eating of solid food for 6 to 8 hours before the test.

restrict eating of solid food for 6 to 8 hours before the test

A nurse is teaching a client with malabsorption syndrome about the disorder and its treatment. The client asks which part of the GI tract absorbs food. What is the nurse's best response? stomach small intestine rectum large intestine

small intestine

After teaching a group of students about the various organs of the upper gastrointestinal tract and possible disorders, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following structures as possibly being affected? Ileum Stomach Liver Large Intestine

stomach

The nurse is preparing to examine the abdomen of a client who reports a change in bowel pattern. The nurse would place the client in which position? Left Sim's lateral Knee-chest Supine with knees flexed Lithotomy

supine with knees flexed

a nurse is caring for a newly admitted patient with a suspected gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. The nurse assesses the patient's stool after a bowel movement and notes it to be a tarry-black color. The nurse recognizes that the bleeding is likely occurring where? The anal area The lower GI tract The esophagus The upper GI tract

the upper GI

A client was diagnosed with pernicious anemia. Which vitamin cannot be absorbed without an intrinsic factor? Vitamin D Vitamin B12 Vitamin C Vitamin A

vitamin b12

The nurse recognizes which change of the GI system is an age-related change? hypertrophy of the small intestine increased motility weakened gag reflex increased mucus secretion

weakened gag reflux

A client receives a local anesthetic to suppress the gag reflex for a diagnostic procedure of the upper GI tract. Which nursing intervention is advised for this client? Measure fluid output for at least 24 hours after the procedure. Monitor for cramping or abdominal distention. Do not give any food and fluids until the gag reflex returns. Monitor for any breathing-related disorder or discomforts.

do not give any food or fluids until the gag reflex returns

A client is scheduled for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). During the client teaching, what will the nurse discuss? -do you experience any claustrophobia -you must be NPO for the day before the exam -you must remove all jewelry but can wear your wedding ring -this exam will only take 15 minutes

do you experience any claustrophobia?

Cystic fibrosis, a genetic disorder characterized by pulmonary and pancreatic dysfunction, usually appears in young children but can also affect adults. If the pancreas was functioning correctly, where would the bile and pancreatic enzymes enter the GI system? ileum cecum duodenum jejunum

duodenum

After 20 seconds of auscultating for bowel sounds on a client recovering from abdominal surgery, the nurse hears nothing. What should the nurse do based on the assessment findings? Document that the client is constipated. Return in 1 hour and listen again to confirm findings. Call the health care provider to report absent bowel sounds. Listen longer for the sounds.

listen longer for the sounds

A client undergoing a diagnostic examination for gastrointestinal disorder was given polyethylene glycol/electrolyte solution as a part of the test preparation. Which of the following measures should the nurse take once the solution is administered? Allow the client to ingest fat-free meal. Provide saline gargles to the client. Instruct the client to have low-residue meals. Permit the client to drink only clear liquids.

permit the client to drink only clear liquids