Prep U Chapter 9

A client has been on sulfonamide therapy for the last six weeks. What client report may cause the health care provider to discontinue the sulfonamid

10 lb weight loss

A client has been prescribed ciprofloxacin after being diagnosed with a sinus infection. What medication should the client avoid taking concurrently with ciprofloxacin?

Antacids

Culture and sensitivity testing of a client's urine sample reveals a bacterium that is susceptible to cephalosporins. What medication would be most likely for the nurse to administer?

Cefaclor

Beta-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins, fight infection by inhibiting development of the causative bacteria. What specific component development do these drugs affect?

Cell wall synthesis

A nurse is preparing to administer lincosamide to a client. The nurse should examine the client's record to ensure which contraindication does not apply in this case?

Clients taking cisapride

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis and will be taking a sulfonamide for a urinary tract infection. What laboratory results will be most important for the nurse to monitor?

Complete blood count

A client who routinely takes antacids has been prescribed tetracycline. The nurse explains to the client that there is an increased risk of which effect related to this combination?

Decreased absorption of tetracycline

A nurse is conducting client teaching prior to discharge home. The client is taking ciprofloxacin. What would you teach this client is the best way to prevent crystalluria caused by ciprofloxacin?

Encourage at least 2 L of fluid per day.

A nurse is caring for a patient who is being administered penicillin. What are the common adverse reactions to penicillin a nurse should assess for?

Inflammation of the tongue and mouth

A client is prescribed penicillin V orally for a strep throat. What is the mechanism of action of this medication?

It inhibits cell wall synthesis.

What is the rationale for not administering tetracycline to children under the age of 8 years?

It will interfere with enamel development.

A client is prescribed isoniazid (INH) for a diagnosis of tuberculosis. Which adverse effect will result in discontinuation of the medication?

Jaundice

A client is receiving rifampin and isoniazid in combination for treatment of tuberculosis. What would the nurse need to monitor closely?

Liver function studies

The nurse is assisting in the admission of a client with a suspected urinary tract infection and an oral temperature of 100.9°F. The health care provider has written the following orders: acetaminophen 500 mg PO for elevated temperature; urinalysis for culture and sensitivity; sulfasalazine (Azulfidine) 500 mg PO four times daily; and force fluids to 3 L/day. Which order will the nurse complete first?

Obtain urine for culture and sensitivity.

What organ system is responsible for the excretion of cefotaxime sodium from the body?

Renal

A patient with TB is admitted to a health care facility. The nurse is required to administer an antitubercular drug through the parenteral route to this patient. Which of the following precautions should the nurse take when administering frequent parenteral injections

Rotate injection sites for frequent parenteral injections

After teaching a group of nursing students about sulfonamides, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students choose which medication as an example of a sulfonamide antibiotic? Select all that apply.

Silver sulfadiazine Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim

The client has been prescribed levofloxacin. The nurse knows that the client should be taught to do which when taking this medication?

Swallow the pill whole.

The drug's effect on what best reflects the major reason for avoiding the use of tetracyclines in children under 8 years of age?

Teeth

The client has been taking her antibiotic for five days. She tells the nurse that she is now experiencing vaginal itching and discharge. The nurse suspects what has occurred?

The client has developed a superinfection.

A client asks why three medications are prescribed to treat his tuberculosis. The nurse informs the client of which reasons?

To prevent resistance

The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is receiving cephalosporins. Which of the following would the nurse identify as the most commonly occurring adverse effects?

Vomiting and diarrhea

In the rare instance in which penicillin is considered essential, hypersensitivity can be assessed by administering:

a skin test.

Prior to administering fluoroquinolones, it is most important for the nurse to assess for which finding or condition?

allergies

After teaching a group of nursing students about the different classes of drugs, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify drugs that slow or retard the multiplication of bacteria as which type of medication?

bacteriostatic

The health care provider is selecting an antibiotic for a client with a known penicillin allergy. The provider knows that cephalosporins are a poor choice for this client because cephalosporins:

can cause allergic reactions in clients who are allergic to penicillins.

A client prescribed rifaximin for diarrhea has developed frank bleeding in the stool. What intervention should the nurse anticipate being implemented to best ensure client safety?

changing to a different antibiotic

The nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with Mycoplasma pneumoniae. What drug should the nurse expect to administer?

doxycycline

Penicillins are most effective when used to treat what type of microorganisms?

gram-positive bacteria

A client, being treated for latent tuberculosis (TB) on an out-client basis, tells the nurse, "I've been feeling pretty good lately, so I haven't actually been all that consistent with taking my drugs." Subsequent health education by the nurse should focus on what subject?

he need to consistently take the prescribed drugs in order to cure TB

A 35-year-old man being treated with isoniazid (INH) for exposure to TB has this medical history: diabetes mellitus type 2, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and coronary artery disease. He drinks one to two glasses of wine on the weekend and smokes two packs of cigarettes per day. Which adverse reaction should the nurse alert the client to report to his health care provider right away?

numbness and tingling in his feet

A 7-year-old child has tonsillitis and is prescribed penicillin V, which is to be administered at home. The nurse will instruct the parents to administer the drug

with a glass of water 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal.

A nurse is to administer sulfasalazine to a client with ulcerative colitis. Which of the following interventions would be most important while caring for this client?

Regularly inspect client's stool samples.

A client, hospitalized with active tuberculosis, is receiving antitubercular drug therapy. When it becomes apparent that the client is not responding to the medications, what condition will the primary health care provider identify as a possible cause?

Drug-resistant tuberculosis

A nurse is about to administer mafenide to a client. The nurse would be alert for which possible reaction?

Rash, itching, or other allergic reactions

A client, being treated in the intensive care unit, has been diagnosed with ventilator-associated pneumonia. Culture and sensitivity testing of the client's sputum indicates that erythromycin is a treatment option. Which nursing assessment is most appropriate to rule out contraindications for this medication therapy?

Review lab results to confirm normal liver function.

A health care center is conducting a seminar on cephalosporins drugs. During the question-and-answer period, the audience wants examples of conditions that can be treated by cephalosporins. Which of the following infections should the nurse state as examples?

Urinary tract infections