Prep U TTE Development

Which is the leading cause of disability and pain in the elderly?

Osteoarthritis (OA)

What would be the priority goal for the nurse caring for an infant diagnosed with nonorganic failure to thrive?

Provide adequate nutrition for growth.

Which action is included in a nurse's role when providing home care for a client with Alzheimer disease?

Provide emotional and physical support

While teaching a sex education class to a group of preadolescents, the school nurse explains that human growth and development begins at which of the following events?

When ovum is fertilized by sperm

The parent of an infant asks the nurse when to begin brushing the infant's teeth. What would be the nurse's best response?

as soon as the first tooth erupts

Which client has more extracellular fluid?

newborn

A postmenopausal client is told at her routine gynecological exam that the primary care provider has found a cyst on her right ovary. The nurse notices that this does not cause worry for this client. What should the nurse and/or care provider tell this client?

"After menopause a mass on an ovary is not a cyst and should be considered cancerous until proven otherwise."

The mother of a 13-year-old child with special needs reports concerns with her child's requests to eat lunch in the cafeteria at school with the rest of the children as opposed to eating in the nurse's office. What information should be contained in the nurse's response?

"Efforts should be made to accommodate your child's request."

How long is the neonatal period for a newborn?

28

For a diagnosis of Klinefelter syndrome, what would be the chromosome pattern to identify this disorder?

47, XXY

A nurse is visiting the home of a first-time mother and her newborn. The nurse is teaching the mother about the newborn's sleep needs. The nurse would inform the mother that newborns sleep approximately how many hours per day?

14 to 20 hours

A child 4 years of age has a mother who is employed and works from home. To accomplish her daily work, she allows the child to watch television for 6 to 8 hours a day. Based upon this information, what nursing diagnosis would be applicable to this family?

Impaired Parenting associated with failure to provide stimuli for growth

A nurse is preparing to teach a 6-year-old client with a broken arm and the client's mother about caring for the child's cast. Which statement reflects the best education plan for these clients?

Include the child in the education; ask questions of both the mother and the child.

Interpersonal theorists, such as Harry Stack Sullivan, emphasize which tenet?

Interpersonal socialization of humans throughout their developmental stages

The primary care provider has prescribed a karyotype for a newborn. The mother questions what the type of information that will be provided by the test. What information should be included in the nurse's response?

The karyotype will assess the baby's chromosomal makeup.

The nurse is providing prenatal education to a group of pregnant teenagers. One of the group members asks what the baby can do physically right after birth. Which is an accurate statement about neonatal ability following birth?

The newborn can suck, swallow, sneeze, and yawn

Why are the developmental theories important to nursing practice?

They outline the process of human growth and development.

Which guideline does the nurse apply to discussion of sleep patterns with older adult clients?

Total sleep time decreases as the clients age.

Which electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristic is usually seen when a client's serum potassium level is low?

U Wave

The nurse is assessing the client's pupils following a sports injury. Which of the following assessment findings indicates a neurologic concern? Select all that apply.

Unequal pupils Pinpoint pupils Absence of pupillary response

A child, age 5, is brought to the pediatrician's office for a routine visit. When inspecting the child's mouth, the nurse expects to find how many teeth?

Up to 20

Which factor is related to developmental changes in bowel habits for older adult clients?

Weakened pelvic muscles lead to constipation.

Within the heart, several structures and several layers all play a part in protecting the heart muscle and maintaining cardiac function. The inner layer of the heart is composed of a thin, smooth layer of cells, the folds of which form heart valves. What is the name of this layer of cardiac tissue?

endocardium

When counseling the young adult considering pregnancy, what does the nurse teach the client about nutrition?

foods high in folic acid help to prevent neural tube defects

A client who is 37 years of age presents to the health care clinic for her first prenatal checkup. Due to her advanced age, the nurse should prepare to talk with the client about her increased risk for what complication?

genetic disorders

The nurse is explaining to new parents that a potential complication of a cesarean birth is transient tachypnea. The nurse explains that this is due to which occurrence?

lack of thoracic compressions during birth

Which factor necessitates the need for more sleep in the adolescent population?

rapid growth

The person's phenotype can best be described as:

traits that are observable or apparent.

The nurse has completed an educational program on normal growth and development in children. Which statement by a participant would indicate a need for further education?

"I am so glad I can get rid of all of those bath toys because they take up so much room."

A new graduate nurse has accepted a staff position on a geriatric unit. The preceptor determines that the new nurse understands gerontologic nursing when which statement is made?

"Normal changes that occur with aging result from complex interactions."

A nurse in a clinic finds the mother of a 15-month-old child in tears. The mother states that her child doesn't love her, because the child says "no" to everything. Which response is appropriate?

"Saying 'no' is part of toddler development and is normal at this age."

A child age 4, begins to use curse words. Concerned about this behavior, the parents ask the nurse how to discourage it. Which advice should the nurse offer?

"Tell the child it isn't acceptable and they will be disciplined if it continues."

A nurse is caring for a child with spina bifida. The child's mother asks the nurse what she did to cause the birth defect. Which statement would be the nurse's best response?

"The cause is unknown and there are many environmental factors that may contribute to it."

After the birth of her first neonate, a mother asks the nurse about the reddened areas at the nape of the neonate's neck. How should the nurse respond?

"They're normal and will disappear as the baby's skin thickens."

In a discussion with a group of high school teachers about oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), the nurse says that behavior modification of the parents and teachers toward such children forms the basis of therapy. What is the most appropriate rationale that the nurse gives when asked about this strategy?

Adolescents with ODD learn maladaptive behavior at home and it can be perpetuated at school.

Which of the following statements explains how pregnancy affects the growth and development of the adolescent?

Affects the normal physical and maturation processes

A nurse is explaining cognitive development in children to a client, with the help of Piaget's theory of cognitive development. What would be the best explanation by the nurse about the formal operations level of cognitive development?

After age 12 children can think in the abstract, including complex problem solving.

Which guideline is most important for the nurse to keep in mind when planning to teach an exercise class to a group of older adults?

Allow ample time for psychomotor skills.

A nurse on the pediatric floor is caring for a toddler refusing to take liquid acetaminophen for fever. What would be the best option?

Allow the parent to hold the child and give the medication.

Which scenario is an example of the laissez-faire approach to value transmission?

Allowing a child to decide not to have an intravenous line inserted

The nurse is employed in an area in which there is interaction with clients of all age groups with varying degrees of development. What is the role of the nurse when applying principles and theories of growth and development to practice?

Assess the client with an awareness there is an overlap of the stages

A client is experiencing difficulty speaking and numbness on his right side. His wife calls a neighbor who is a nurse for help. Upon arrival at the scene, the nurse calls 911 immediately. Which of the following displays the nurse's critical clinical judgment?

Brain cells without oxygen die in approximately 3 to 6 minutes.

What information would the nurse include when teaching the parents of an infant about colic?

Colic symptoms will probably fade at 3 months of age.

The nurse is able to help promote safety and prevent injury by identifying which factors that have a direct impact on client safety? Select all that apply.

Communication ability Developmental level Mobility

The nurse is preparing a presentation for an older adult group of males at a senior center. Which of the following would the nurse expect to include when describing the effects of aging on the male reproductive system?

Men retain the ability to fertilize ova irrespective of age.

A school-aged child is attentive to following the rules at school, respects his teachers, and views justice as a means of fair play. These are characteristics of which type of development typical of this age group?

Moral development

While providing education to a young adult during an annual health exam, the nurse discusses health problems common during this stage of development. What is the most common cause of mortality during this stage?

Motor vehicle crashes

An infant with craniosynostosis from Apert syndrome becomes lethargic and starts to vomit. What is the priority nursing intervention?

Notify the doctor and prepare for surgery

A family that consists of two homosexual parents and three children living in the same house is an example of which type of family?

Nuclear

The nurse is developing a health-promotion program at a company in which many employees are women in their 20s and 30s. For this population, the nurse plans to include information about

Parenting issues

Accurate instruction regarding the typical growth and development patterns for adolescents would include which of the following guidelines?

Peer relationships characterize the adolescent years.

The school nurse is teaching parents of adolescents about the development of self-concept in their children. What would the nurse state is most influential in stabilizing self-concept in this age group?

Peers

With increasing age comes a greater chance of a woman having been exposed to damaging environmental agents such as drugs, chemicals, and radiation. These factors may act on the aging oocyte to cause which abnormality in a fetus?

Down syndrome

Menopause marks the end of a woman's reproductive capacity. Which of the following is a common complaint that may be due to a cystocele?

Dyspareunia

A nurse is taking care of a client with tuberculosis who has developed resistance to the ordered antibiotic. Which type of client is most likely at increased risk for infection?

older adult

The nurse is working in a long-term care facility and overhears a group of unlicsensed assistive personnel (UAP) discussing some of the residents of the facility. What statment made by a UAP indicates that education regarding older adult clients is needed?

"All old people start to deteriorate mentally."

The parent of a school-age child with autism asks the nurse how she should tell her son that he has autism. Which response by the nurse is most therapeutic?

"Explain the definition of autism and emphasize your child's strengths as well as his areas of challenge."

A nurse practitioner is teaching the student about sexual health and is evaluating the student's knowledge of sexual identity. The practitioner knows that the student understands when the student says which of the following?

"Gender role behavior is the behavior a person conveys about being male or female."

A client who has been confined to bed for more than 1 year is concerned about the shrinking size of his legs. How will the nurse respond to the client's concern?

"With decreased use of your legs, the cell size reduces."

A mother asks, "Why can't my 1-year-old go to the bathroom by himself?" What is the nurse's best response?

"Your child is too young to begin toilet training."

A nurse is assessing a 12-month-old infant who is brought to the clinic by the parents for well-child visit. The nurse reviews the infant's health history and notes that the infant weighed 8 lb at birth. When assessing the infant's weight at this visit, the nurse would anticipate that the infant would weight approximately how much at this time?

24 lb

When a nurse is working on a pediatric unit, which of the following clients would the nurse know has the greatest need for good nutrition?

5 month old

The mother of 6-year-old male and female fraternal twins has brought her son to see a pediatrician because he is nearly 4 inches shorter than his sister. Which phenomenon would the physician most likely suspect as contributing factor to the boy's short stature?

A shortage of hypothalamic GHRH production

The nurse is planning care for a 6-hour-old neonate who has been born with cleft palate. What aspect of care should the nurse prioritize?

Adequate nutrition

A nurse is assessing the breath sounds of a newborn. Which sound is an expected finding for this developmental level?

Crackles

An expectant mother is 23 weeks into her pregnancy when she goes into labor. Regarding fetal lung development, what is of greatest concern to the attending medical team?

Development of type II alveolar cells

A nurse is completing a family assessment on a routine home health visit. There is a mother, father, and three children ages 2, 4, and 6 years of age. She watches the children individually as they play and interact with one another. She compares each child with the norms established for the age groups and determines and they are all within normal limits for their ages. The nurse would be utilizing which of the following theories as the basis for this part of the family assessment?

Developmental Theory

During a developmental screening, the nurse notes the toddler is not meeting expected developmental milestones. What is the best action by the nurse?

Discuss the delay in milestones with the primary care provider and family.

While a nurse is performing an admission assessment for a client in an inpatient mental health setting, the client states, "All of my problems are caused by my parents." The client statement reflects which factor that influences mental health?

Emotional development

Gould viewed the middle years as a time when adults increase their feelings of self-satisfaction, value their spouse as a companion, and become more concerned with health. Which nursing action best facilitates this process?

Encouraging a client to have regular checkups

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson.

Mrs. Jimenez, age 79, became a widow earlier this year and now resides alone in the house that she and her husband shared for 30 years. Her children have encouraged her to move, but she expresses a desire to remain in her home, despite some slight mobility challenges. The nurse who provides occasional home healthcare for Mrs. Jimenez should first propose which of the following?

Home modification

The nurse is supervising a play group of children on the unit. The nurse expects the toddlers will most likely be involved in which activity?

Playing with the plastic vacuum cleaner and pushing it around the room

The nurse is conducting a well-child assessment of a 4-year-old. Which assessment finding warrants further investigation?

Presence of 10 deciduous teeth

A female client tells the nurse about noticing an increase in weight and fat deposits during the past year. The nurse reviews the client's chart and recognizes that the client is most likely going through puberty. Which nursing action is most appropriate at this time?

Provide reassurance that these are normal changes.

An older adult client's skin has become dry and flaked. Which of the following is the cause of this condition?

Reduction in sebum production

When applying Maslow's hierarchy of needs to patient care, the nurse determines that the patient has reached the ultimate goal indicating integrated human functioning and health when which level is met?

Self-actualization

A nurse is observing a child pick up a rattler and shake it to hear a sound. The nurse understands that the child is considered to be in which of the following of Piaget's Cognitive Development stages?

Sensorimotor stage

According to Freud, which of the following influences is the primary force that drives an individual's development?

Sexuality

Which developmental milestone would the nurse expect an 11-month-old infant to have achieved?

Sitting independently

Which milestone would the nurse expect an infant to accomplish by 8 months of age?

Sitting without support

What is an example of impaired adaptive functioning in an 8-year-old girl with a developmental disorder?

The child cannot properly dress herself.

A nurse is assessing a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). For every question asked by the nurse, the child answers, "I don't know." What is the most likely reason for the child to respond in this way?

The child is not paying attention to the nurse's questions.

The nurse is assessing a healthy 2-year-old client. Which assessment finding most concerns the nurse?

The child speaks in one-word sentences

The nurse is performing an assessment on a 8-month-old infant. The infant's medical history notes that he was born at 32 weeks' gestation. The infant is progressing normally. At what adjusted age should the nurse expect the infant's developmental accomplishments?

The infant will most likely present with developmental skills consistent with a 6-month-old infant.

A client is undergoing diagnostics for an alteration in thyroid function. What physiologic function is affected by altered thyroid function?

metabolic rate

A client with Down syndrome is admitted to the pediatric unit with asthma. The client does not enunciate words well and holds onto furniture when walking. The nurse should ask the caregiver

how the client's condition today differs from their normal condition.

The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old sickle-cell client in an acute care setting. A high priority for this client's plan of care is pain relief. The nurse understands that untreated acute pain can lead to which physiologic effects?

impaired mobility, anorexia, anxiety, sleep disturbances, and developmental regression

A leading health problem among elementary school children is

injuries.

A nurse at the health care facility is caring for an older adult client who complains of sleeplessness. Which condition is a manifestation of depression in an older client?

insomnia

Each chamber of the heart has a particular role in maintaining cellular oxygenation. Which chamber is responsible for pumping blood to all the cells and tissues of the body?

left ventricle

A 17-year-old adolescent with acute lymphocytic leukemia is discharged with written information about chemotherapy administration and an outpatient appointment schedule. The client now is in the maintenance phase of chemotherapy but has missed clinic appointments for blood work and admits to omitting some chemotherapy doses. To improve the client's compliance, the nurse should include which intervention in the care plan?

letting the adolescent participate in planning and scheduling of treatments

When developing a care plan for a hospitalized client, the nurse knows that children in which age-group are most likely to view illness as a punishment for misdeeds?

preschool age

A nurse is caring for an infant with dehydration and weight loss. The infant's parent states that the infant doesn't like to eat and the parent hates to make the infant eat. The nurse should

request that a dietitian talk with the parent about infants and nutrition.

The nurse conducting a 6-month well-baby check-up assesses for the presence/absence of the asymmetric tonic neck reflex. At this age the reflex:

should have disappeared.

A 12-month-old seen at a walk-in clinic weighed 8 pounds 4 ounces (3750 g) at birth. Weight now is 20 pounds 8 ounces (9300 g). The nurse determines:

the child weighs less than expected for age.

A 5-month-old infant being assessed was born at 32 weeks. The nurse doing the well-child check-up should compare the baby to what norms?

the development of a 3-month-old

Which finding is considered normal in the neonate during the first few days after birth?

weight loss then return to birth weight

A mother and grandmother bring a 2-month-old infant to the clinic for a routine checkup. As the nurse weighs the infant, the grandmother asks, "Shouldn't the baby start eating solid food? My kids started on cereal when they were 2 weeks old." Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

"Babies can't digest solid food properly until after they are 4 months old."

The nurse observes an elderly client teaching an adolescent how to crochet a pot holder. The nurse evaluates this behavior as evidence of resolution of Erickson's developmental stage of what?

Generativity vs. stagnation