Prep U's Chapter 37

A client is presenting an anaphylactic response to unknowingly ingesting nuts at a family celebration. What type of hypersensitivity did this client exhibit?

type 1

When evaluating a client's knowledge about use of antihistamines, what statement indicates further education is required?

"If I am pregnant, I should take half the dose."

A client presents to the emergency department in anaphylactic shock after a bee sting. What should the nurse do? Select all that apply. -Monitor international normalized ratio (INR) level -Give metoprolol -Administer Diphenhydramine -Insert an intravenous line -Have respiratory therapy provide an albuterol treatment

-Administer Diphenhydramine -Insert an intravenous line -Have respiratory therapy provide an albuterol treatment

A client is experiencing severe anaphylactic shock. What actions should the nurse take first? Select all that apply. -Give intravenous fluids -Give metoprolol -Administer diphenhydramine -Ask the client if they are lightheaded -Prepare for insertion of an endotracheal tube

-Administer diphenhydramine -Ask the client if they are lightheaded -Give intravenous fluids -Prepare for insertion of an endotracheal tube

The nurse tells the client that if exposure to an allergen occurs around 8:00 AM, then the client should expect a mild or moderate reaction by what time?

10:00 AM

The nurse is teaching a client about a recent order for loratadine to help with seasonal allergies. What client statements indicate no further teaching is required? Select all that apply. "It is recommended that I buy a humidifier for my bedroom." "Sucking on ice chips will help if my mouth is dry." "Being careful driving is important after taking the medication." "Taking my medication on an empty stomach is a must."

All of these are correct

A client with a history of allergic rhinitis comes to the clinic for an evaluation. The client is prescribed triamcinolone. What will the nurse include when teaching the client about this drug?

Be aware that some nasal burning and itching may occur

A client calls the clinic and asks the nurse if using oxymetazoline nasal spray would be alright to relieve the nasal congestion he is experiencing due to seasonal allergies. What instructions should the nurse provide to the client to avoid complications?

Do not overuse the medication as rebound congestion can occur

A patient is experiencing an allergic reaction to a dose of penicillin. What should the nurse look for in the patient's initial assessment?

Dyspnea, bronchospasm, and/or laryngeal edema

A nurse is reviewing the dietary history of a client who has experienced anaphylaxis. What would the nurse identify as a common cause of anaphylaxis? Select all that apply. Milk Shrimp Chicken Beef Eggs

Eggs Shrimp Milk

A patient has been diagnosed with an allergy to peanuts. What is a priority for this patient to carry at all times?

EpiPen

Which term refers to an incomplete antigen?

Hapten

Which body substance causes increased gastric secretion, dilation of capillaries, and constriction of the bronchial smooth muscle?

Histamine

The nurse is teaching a group of health care workers about latex allergies. What reaction will the nurse teach the workers to be most concerned about with laryngeal edema?

IgE-mediated hypersensitivity

The nurse working in an allergy clinic is preparing to administer skin testing to a client. Which route is the safest for the nurse to use to administer the solution?

Intradermal

A client is prescribed montelukast as part of a treatment plan for an allergic disorder. The nurse understands that this drug belongs to which class?

Leukotriene-receptor antagonist

What is the most common cause of anaphylaxis?

Penicillin

The nurse working the medical-surgical floor knows that the nitroblue tetrazolium reductase (NTR) test is used to diagnose immunodeficiency disorders related to

Phagocytic cells

Which intervention is the single most important aspect for the client at risk for anaphylaxis?

Prevention

An infant is born to a mother who had no prenatal care during her pregnancy. What type of hypersensitivity reaction does the nurse understand may have occurred?

Rh-hemolytic disease

A nurse has developed irritant contact dermatitis from latex glove use. What will the nurse need to avoid?

Using oil-based hand lotion before donning gloves

The parents of a child with contact dermatitis are asking questions about the reaction within the immune system. What description regarding contact dermatitis as a type IV hypersensitivity reaction is accurate?

a delayed hypersensitivity that is mediated by T cells

Atopic allergic disorders are characterized by

a hereditary predisposition

After receiving a dose of penicillin, a client develops dyspnea and hypotension and the nurse suspects the client is experiencing anaphylactic shock. What is the nurse's first action?

administer epinephrine, as ordered

A client is prescribed an oral corticosteroid for 2 weeks to relieve asthma symptoms. The nurse educates the client about side effects, which include

adrenal suppression

The nurse knows the best strategy for latex allergy is

avoidance of latex-based products

A nurse comes to the employee health center for evaluation and is diagnosed with allergic contact dermatitis related to latex. What manifestation would the nurse most likely exhibit?

blistering

A client visits the employee health department because of mild itching and a rash on both hands. What will the employee health nurse focus on during the assessment interview?

chemical and latex glove use

When assessing the skin of a client with allergic contact dermatitis, the nurse would most likely expect to find irritation at which area?

dorsal aspect of the hand

A client with lupus has had antineoplastic drugs prescribed. Why would the physician prescribe antineoplastic drugs for an autoimmune disorder?

for their immunosuppressant effects

After teaching a client how to self-administer epinephrine, the nurse determines that the teaching plan has been successful when the client demonstrates which action?

jabs the auto injector into the outer thigh at a 90-degree angle

The nurse is caring for a client exposed to peanuts with a known allergy. What assessment is considered the most serious manifestation of angioneurotic edema?

laryngeal swelling

A nurse has developed a latex allergy and now uses latex-free purple gloves to avoid a hypersensitivity response. What in this nurse's reaction to latex differs from all other types of hypersensitivity responses?

no antibody production

A client has had a "stuffy nose" and obtained an oxymetazoline nasal spray. What education should the nurse provide to the client in order to prevent "rebound congestion"?

only use the nasal spray for 3 to 4 days once every 12 hours

A patient with a history of allergies comes to the clinic for an evaluation. The following laboratory test findings are recorded in a patient's medical record:Total serum IgE levels: 2.8 mg/mLWhite blood cell count: 5,100/cu mmEosinophil count: 4%Erythrocyte sedimentation rate: 20 mm/hThe nurse identifies which result as suggesting an allergic reaction?

serum IgE level

In its attempt to suppress allergic responses, the body releases several chemicals which have a role in mediating physical reactions. Epinephrine, which interferes with vasoactive chemical release from mast cells, is instrumental in suppressing which type of hypersensitivity response?

type 1

A client reports to a health care provider's office for intradermal allergy testing. Before testing, the nurse provides client teaching. Which client statement indicates a need for further education?

If I notice tingling in my lips or mouth, gargling may help the symptoms

The nurse is talking with a client who was stung by a bee and began having difficulty breathing. What serious complication from injected venom should the nurse discuss with the client?

airway obstruction

A client with an allergic disorder calls the nurse and asks what treatment is available for allergic disorders. The nurse explains to the client that there is more than one treatment available. What treatments would the nurse tell the client about?

desensitization

The nurse is working with a colleague who has a delayed hypersensitivity (type IV) allergic reaction to latex. Which statement describes the clinical manifestations of this reaction?

symptoms are localized to the area of exposure, usually the back of the hands

The nurse is teaching a client about allergic rhinitis and its triggers. What is the most common trigger for the respiratory allergic response?

plant pollen