PrepU: Alterations in Genetics & Disorders- CH 10, 49, 38, & 44 (PEDS Module 5: Developmental)

The nurse is educating parents of a male infant with Chiari type II malformation. Which statement about their child's condition is most accurate? a. "Take your time feeding your baby." b. "Lay him down after feeding." c. "You'll see a big difference after the surgery." d. "You won't need to change diapers often."

a. "Take your time feeding your baby."

A 3-year-old demonstrates lateral bowing of the tibia. Which signs would indicate that the boy's condition is Blount disease rather than the more typical developmental bowlegs (genu varum)? a. A sharp, beaklike appearance to the medial aspect of the proximal tibia on x-ray b. The medial surfaces of the knees are more than 2 in apart c. The malleoli are touching d. 1The condition is bilateral

a. A sharp, beaklike appearance to the medial aspect of the proximal tibia on x-ray

The nurse is preparing a care plan for a child who has a seizure disorder. The child experiences tonic-clonic seizures. Which nursing diagnosis will the nurse identify as having the highest priority? a. Risk for injury b. Risk for self-care deficit: bathing and dressing c. Risk for delayed development d. Risk for ineffective tissue perfusion: cerebral

a. Risk for injury

During the embryonic stage of pregnancy, what changes would the mother note in her body to signal that she is pregnant? a. She will miss her menstrual cycle. b. She will have a slower heartbeat. c. She will begin to gain weight. d. Constipation often occurs during this time.

a. She will miss her menstrual cycle

A nurse is discussing the importance of good nutrition to a young pregnant client. The nurse would point out that the growing fetus is getting nutrition from the mother via which structure? a. Umbilical arteries b. Placenta c. Decidua d. Amniotic fluid

b. Placenta

Which of these age groups has the highest actual rate of death from drowning? a. School-aged children b. Toddlers c. Preschool children d. Infants

b. Toddlers

The nurse is talking with a pregnant woman who is a carrier for a genetic disorder. The woman does not have any symptoms of the disorder. The pregnant woman asks the nurse about the risk to her unborn baby. What is the most appropriate response by the nurse? a. "There is no way to assess the risk to the baby until after he is born." b. "Since you are only a carrier for the gene, there is no risk to your baby." c. "We can only assess the potential risk after the baby's father undergoes genetic testing." d. "As a carrier of the gene there is a strong chance your child will be born with the disorder."

c. "We can only assess the potential risk after the baby's father undergoes genetic testing."

Which statement about nondisjunction of a chromosome is true? a. Only the X chromosomes are affected. b. Only 4% of Down syndrome cases are attributed to this defect. c. It is failure of the chromosomal pair to separate. d. It may result from genomic imprinting.

c. It is failure of the chromosomal pair to separate.

The nurse is assessing a 2-week-old boy who was born at home and has not had metabolic screening. Which sign or symptom indicates phenylketonuria? a. Increased reflex action on palpation b. Signs of jaundice c. Musty or mousy odor to the urine d. Report of seizures

c. Musty or mousy odor to the urine

The child has been diagnosed with rickets. The child's mother is educated about the importance of providing the child with 10 micrograms (400 International Units) of an oral vitamin D supplement each day. The child's mother purchases over-the-counter vitamin D drops. The supplement is noted to contain 5 mcg of vitamin D in each 0.5 mL. How much of the supplement should the mother administer to the child each day? Record your answer using one decimal place.

1

Upon assessment, the nurse notices that the infant's ears are low-set. What is the priority action by the nurse? a. Continue to assess the infant to look for other abnormalities. b. Place the infant on a cardiac monitor. c. Inform the parents that low-set ears are a sign of Down syndrome. d. Give a vitamin B12 injection to combat the metabolic disorder.

a. Continue to assess the infant to look for other abnormalities.

The nurse receives a report on a child admitted with severe muscular dystrophy. The nurse suspects the child has been diagnosed with the most severe form of the disease, known as: a. Duchenne. b. Myotonia. c. Limb-girdle. d. Facioscapulohumeral.

a. Duchenne

Genetics-related health care is basic to the holistic practice of nursing. What should nursing practice in genetics include? a. Gathering relevant family and medical history information b. Discouraging females to conceive after the age of 40 years c. Identifying genetic markers d. Providing advice on termination of pregnancy

a. Gathering relevant family and medical history information

A woman calls the obstetrician's office and states that she is feeling nauseated and tired and suspects she may be pregnant. The nurse asks the woman when her last menstrual cycle was and is told that the woman had a light cycle three weeks ago. How would the nurse respond to this client? a. Tell the woman she cannot be pregnant since she had a menstrual cycle three weeks ago. b. Recommend that the woman come into the office for a pregnancy test or do a home pregnancy test. c. Tell the client that she is probably coming down with a virus, making her tired and nauseous. d. Explain that irregular cycles and fatigue sometimes occur in women if they are anemic.

b. Recommend that the woman come into the office for a pregnancy test or do a home pregnancy test.

The nurse is planning to teach the parents of a child with newly diagnosed muscular dystrophy about the disease. Which definition should the nurse use to best describe this condition? a. Upper motor neuron lesions b. Lesions of the brain cortex c. Degeneration of muscle fibers d. A demyelinating disease

c. Degeneration of muscle fibers

A child with a seizure disorder is being admitted to the inpatient unit. When preparing the room for the child, what should be included? Select all that apply. a. Tongue blade b. Smelling salts c. Oxygen gauge and tubing d. Suction at bedside e. Padding for side rails

c. Oxygen gauge and tubing d. Suction at bedside e. Padding for side rails

Amniotic fluid is produced throughout the pregnancy by the fetal membranes. Amniotic fluid has four major functions. What is one of these functions? a. Restriction of movement b. Medium in which to test organ maturity c. Physical protection d. Provide fluid to keep the fetus hydrated

c. Physical protection

The nurse is caring for a 10-year-old child in traction. After performing a skin assessment, she notices that the skin over the calcaneus appears slightly red and irritated. What should be the first intervention? a. Gently massage his foot and heel each shift. b. Apply lotion to his foot and avoid friction to the area. c. Reposition the child's foot on a pressure-reducing device. d. Make sure the skin and linens are clean and dry.

c. Reposition the child's foot on a pressure-reducing device.

The nurse explains to a pregnant woman that the germ layers that develop in the embryo and become different organs and tissues consist of which layers? Select all that apply. a. Mesoderm b. Ectoderm c. Subcutaneous d. Endoderm e. Epithelium

a. Mesoderm b. Ectoderm d. Endoderm

The mother of a toddler tells the nurse during a routine well-child appointment that she is concerned because, "It seems like my son is falling and hitting his head all of the time." What is the best response by the nurse? a. "You probably don't have anything to worry about. It is common for toddlers to fall." b. "Due to the size of their heads and immature neck muscles falling is common, but I will let the physician know your concerns." c. "Most mothers are concerned because their toddlers fall a lot. As long as your child seems to be developmentally normal it shouldn't be a concern." d. "I understand your concern, but toddlers fall and hit their heads a lot since they are not very coordinated yet."

b. "Due to the size of their heads and immature neck muscles falling is common, but I will let the physician know your concerns."