PrepU Ch. 1

The nurse is describing the role of the nurse entrepreneur. Which of the following statements best describe this role? a) A nurse responsible for adminstration of resources b) A nurse who teaches in a clinical setting c) A nurse who manages personnel involved in client care d) A nurse who manages a health-related business

A nurse who manages a health-related business The nurse entrepreneur usually has an advanced degree and manages a clinic or health-related business, conducts research, provides education, or serves as an adviser or consultant to institutions, political agencies, or businesses.

The nurse and a student are discussing entry into the profession of nursing. Which of the following statements should the nurse use to describe a diploma program? a) "It is obtained by a 24-month program at a hospital." b) "It is obtained by a 36-month program at a community college." c) "It is obtained by a 4-year program at a university." d) "It is obtained through a 2-year program at a university."

"It is obtained by a 24-month program at a hospital." Diploma programs are obtained through a hospital program and take 24 to 36 months. Associate degrees are obtained through a community college and take 2 academic or calendar years. Baccalaureate degrees are obtained through a 4-year degree at a senior college or university.

Which organization has established standards that help the nurse determine which clinical actions fall under the scope of nursing practice? a) American Nurses Association b) National League for Nursing c) State Board of Nursing d) International Council of Nurses

American Nurses Association The American Nurses Association (ANA) has established standards of clinical nursing practice that define the specific and unique activities of nurses. Standards serve as protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where health care is given. The other organizations provide valuable services that differ from those of ANA.

A man age 61 years is distraught because he has just learned that his most recent computed tomography (CT) scan shows that his colon cancer has metastasized to his lungs. Which of the following nursing aims should the nurse prioritize in the immediate care of this patient? a) Restoring health b) Preventing illness c) Promoting health d) Facilitating coping

Facilitating coping This patient's care in the coming weeks or months will likely encompass all of the four foundational roles of the nurse. However, because the patient has just recently received bad news and is emotionally distraught, helping the patient cope is an appropriate priority in his immediate care.

The nurse recognizes that immunizations are an example of: a) Health restoration b) Illness prevention c) Facilitating coping with disability and death d) Health promotion

Illness prevention The aim of illness prevention activities is to reduce the risk for illness, to promote good health habits, and to maintain optimal functioning. Immunization administration is an example of illness prevention. Assisting with crutch-walking and teaching medication administration are examples of health restoration activities, which encompasses early detection of a disease to rehabilitation. Hospice care is an example of facilitating coping with disability and death.

Which of the following individuals provided community-based care and founded public health nursing? a) Sojourner Truth b) Adelaide Nutting c) Lillian Wald d) Clara Barton

Lillian Wald established a neighborhood nursing service for the sick and poor in New York City and is considered the founder of public health nursing. The other choices were important to the development of nursing, but not to public health nursing.

A nurse identifies a patient's health care needs and devises a plan of care to meet those needs. Which guideline is being followed in this case? a) Nurse practice acts b) Nursing process c) Nursing orders d) Nursing standards

Nursing process Devising a plan of care is based on the nursing process. This process, identifies the client's healthcare needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes. Nursing standards allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving as protection for the nurse, the patient, and the institution where healthcare is given. Nurse practice acts are laws established in each state in the United States to regulate the practice of nursing. Nursing orders prescribe the nursing care to be given to assist the client to meet health goals.

The diploma nurse is considering obtaining a baccalaureate degree. Which degree should the nurse investigate? a) RN to BSN b) MSN c) DNP d) Accelerated degree

RN to BSN The diploma nurse considering obtaining a baccalaureate degree should investigate RN to BSN programs. This degree is designed for registered nurses with a diploma degree. The DNP is designed as the terminal degree (doctorate degree) for nursing practice. The accelerated degree is designed for people with a baccalaureate degree, not in nursing to obtain their BSN in 1 to 2 years. The MSN is designed for nurses with a baccalaureate degree to obtain a masters degree in nursing.

The registered nurse communicates with the physical therapist that a client is now on strict bed rest due to bradycardia. Which statement best explains the standard exemplified by the nurse? a) The RN collects client data. b) The RN coordinates care delivery. c) The RN identifies outcomes. d) The RN analyzes client data.

The RN coordinates care delivery. The standard exemplified by the nurse is 5a: Coordination of Care: The RN coordinates care delivery.

During the Reformation, what factor influenced the decline of nursing? a) Women's subordination to men b) Establishment of men in nursing c) Implementation of technology d) Advancement of medicine

Women's subordination to men Women were viewed as subordinate to men and were expected to remain at home caring for children; this decreased the number of qualified women practicing nursing.

The nurse is discussing entry level for professional nursing practices. Which of the following is the most accurate statement by the nurse? a) "ADN programs are the recommended entry level by national nursing organizations." b) "National nursing organizations are promoting diploma nursing." c) "BSN is the recommended entry level by national nursing organization." d) "National nursing organizations are eliminating accelerated programs."

"BSN is the recommended entry level by national nursing organization." National nursing organizations are recommending that the entry level for professional practice be at the baccalaureate level. They are not eliminating accelerated programs for graduates of non-nursing disciplines.

The nurse is attempting to provide anticipatory guidance for the parents of an eighteen-month-old boy. Which of the following would be the best statement for the nurse to make?

"Keep all medications in a locked cabinet." Anticipatory guidance provides the parent with information that the child will need as the child continues to grow and develop to promote his health. The best example of this is telling the parents to keep all medications in a locked cabinet, as the eighteen-month-old can climb and reach for medications that were placed high where the parents thought the child could not reach. This could prevent accidental medication overdose.

Which of the following is the best example of a nurse attending an inservice program? a) Attending a continuing education program by a national organization b) Attending a conference on cultural diversity c) Taking an online course at a local university d) Attending a hospital program on how to use a new IV pump

Attending a hospital program on how to use a new IV pump Inservice education are programs designed by hospitals and other healthcare agencies to provide education and training for their employees, such as a program on how to use a new IV pump. Continuing education programs, conferences, and online classes furthering one's education are not considered inservice programs.

A client is brought to the emergency department with a head injury following an all-terrain vehicle (ATV) accident. The nurse asks the family members to describe how the accident occurred. The nurse is implementing which ANA Standard? a) Education b) Evaluation c) Collaboration d) Diagnosis

Collaboration According to the ANA Standard 13 - Collaboration, the registered nurse collaborates with the client, family, and others in the conduct of nursing practice. Standard 2 - Diagnosis states that the registered nurse analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. Standard 6 - Evaluation states that the registered nurse evaluates progress toward attainment of outcomes. Standard 8 - Education pertains to the registered nurse attaining knowledge and competence that reflects current nursing practice.

Trends in managed care have resulted in an increased focus on the care of patients by nurses in which of the following settings? a) Hospital settings b) Critical care units c) Community-based settings d) Long-term care settings

Community-based settings Healthcare is increasingly provided in community-based settings such as clinics, outpatient settings, and homes. The impetus for this change has largely been the implementation of a system of managed care to control and monitor healthcare services to minimize costs.

A nurse wishes to pursue a degree as a nurse practitioner. What is the minimal degree needed by the nurse? a) Associates b) Diploma c) Masters d) Baccalaureate

Masters A masters degree is the minimal degree for a nurse to become a nurse practitioner.

The nurse notes the initials APRN after a nurse who is ordering a client's medications. According to ANA standards of nursing practice, which of the following is the correct action by the nurse?

No action is needed. This is within the ANA standards for APRNs. According to the ANA standards of practice, APRNs provide consultation and use prescriptive authority and treatment so there is no action needed by the nurse, and there is no need to contact the client's physician for additional medication orders.

The nurse is using the nursing process to care for a client and is in the process of making a nursing diagnosis for the client. Which of the following best reflects a nursing diagnosis? a) Congestive heart failure b) Risk for falls c) Hypertension d) Pnuemonia

Risk for falls Risk for falls is a nursing diagnosis. Hypertension, congestive heart failure, and pneumonia are medical diagnoses versus nursing diagnoses.

The need for university-based nursing education programs was brought to light during which important historical time? a) World War I b) Korean War c) World War II d) Spanish American War

World War II Esther Lucille Brown, in her report on nursing education published at that time, wrote that nursing education belonged in colleges and universities, not in hospitals.

What was one barrier to the development of the nursing profession in the United States after the Civil War? a) Independence of nursing orders b) Lack of educational standards c) Lack of influence from nursing leaders d) Hospital-based schools of nursing

Lack of educational standards A lack of educational standards was one barrier to the development of the nursing profession after the Civil War. Other barriers included a male dominance of health care and the pervading belief that women were dependent on men. The location of nursing schools, a lack of influence from nursing leaders, and independent nursing orders were not barriers to the development of the nursing profession after the Civil War.

A nursing student wants to take up an advanced specialty nursing role. Which of the following roles is included in advanced specialty nursing? a) Nurse anesthetists are registered nurses. b) Nurse anesthetists can have independent practices. c) Nurse midwives are licensed practice nurses. d) Nurse midwives care for women with complicated pregnancies.

Nurse anesthetists are registered nurses. Nurse anesthetists are registered nurses. Nurse midwives are also registered nurses, but not licensed practice nurses. Nurse midwives care for women with uncomplicated pregnancies, not complicated pregnancies. Nurse anesthetists cannot have independent practices. They work under the supervision of an anesthesiologist.

Choice Multiple question - Select all answer choices that apply. During the course of any given day of work in the acute care setting, the nurse may need to perform which of the following roles? Select all that apply. a) Teacher b) Statistician c) Communicator d) Financier e) Counselor

• Teacher • Counselor • Communicator The roles and functions of the nurse are many and include: caregiver, communicator, teacher, counselor, leader, researcher, and advocate. Acting as financier and statistician are not the roles of the nurse.

Nurse H. graduated several years ago from a 2-year nursing program that he took at a community college near his home city. Recently, Nurse H. has considered moving from providing direct patient care into an administrative role, but he recognizes the need to further his education in order to be considered for such a position. Nurse H. most likely possesses which of the following nursing qualifications? a) Graduate degree b) Associate degree c) Baccalaureate d) Diploma

Associate degree An associate degree in nursing is typically a 2-year program that is offered at a community college or junior college. Such a degree allows a nurse to plan and provide care, but further education is often necessary for administrative positions. A diploma is often provided under the auspices of a hospital, while both baccalaureate and graduate degrees involve a minimum of 4 years of education and qualify a nurse to act in a supervisory role.

Florence Nightingale introduced the concept of apprenticeship for nurses. Which of the following statements is an example of this? a) Completing clinical hours supervised by a nursing instructor b) Participating in a paid internship c) Taking an online class at a university d) Passing the NCLEX exam

Completing clinical hours supervised by a nursing instructor Florence Nightingale's concept of apprenticeship involved training student nurses in a hospital setting. Completing clinical hours is an example of this. The other choices do not reflect this concept.

Which of the following actions should the nurse implement when working with a medically homeless client? a) Encourage the client to utilize the emergency room when ill. b) Assist the client in finding a job. c) Assist the client in finding housing. d) Encourage client to utilize the free healthcare clinic.

Encourage client to utilize the free healthcare clinic. According to the Association of American Medical Colleges, many Americans are medically homeless and find it difficult to navigate the healthcare system. Encouraging the client to utilize the free healthcare clinic will help the client navigate the system and obtain access to healthcare. While utilizing the emergency room when needed is appropriate, the emergency room should not be utilized for all illnesses, as it increases the burden on the healthcare system. Assisting the client to find housing or a job will help the client, but is outside of the scope of nursing practice.

Which of the following is a characteristic of nursing practiced from early civilization to the 16th century? a) The nurse was a nun committed to caring for the needy and homeless. b) The physician was the priest who treated disease with prayer. c) Most early civilizations believed that illness had supernatural causes. d) Nursing changed from a spiritual focus to an emphasis on knowledge expansion.

Most early civilizations believed that illness had supernatural causes. Most early civilizations believed that illness had supernatural causes. The physician was the medicine man who treated disease by chanting, inspiring fear, or opening the skull to release evil spirits (Dolan, Fitzpatrick, & Herrmann, 1983). The nurse usually was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by providing physical care and herbal remedies. As civilizations grew, temples became the centers of medical care because of the belief that illness was caused by sin and the gods' displeasure.

The nurse understands that for nursing to be considered a profession, many things need to be in place. Which of the following is not part of those considerations? a) Code of ethics b) Well-defined body of knowlege c) Multidisciplinary approach d) Strong service orientation e) Ongoing research

Multidisciplinary approach Having a well-defined body of knowledge, strong service orientation, code of ethics, ongoing research, professional organization that sets standards, autonomy and self regulation, and recognized authority by a professional group are all criteria for a profession. Having a multidisciplinary approach is not a criteria of a profession.

Which of the following national nursing organizations serves as a primary source of research data about nursing education, and is the professional organization for nurse educators? a) Sigma Theta Tau International b) National League for Nursing (NLN) c) American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) d) American Nurses Association (ANA)

National League for Nursing (NLN) The NLN serves as the primary source of research data about nursing education, conducting annual surveys of schools and new RNs. The NLN's objective is to foster the development and improvement of nursing services and nursing education, and it serves as the professional nursing organization for nurse educators. The ANA is the professional organization for RNs in the United States, and it establishes standards of practice, encourages research to advance nursing practice, and represents nursing for legislative actions. Sigma Theta Tau International is the honor society for nursing. AACN is the national voice for baccalaureate and higher-degree nursing education programs and provides accreditation for collegiate nursing programs.

Choice Multiple question - Select all answer choices that apply. Which of the following are the best examples of the role of the nurse as a communicator? Select all that apply. a) Telling a friend about something that happened to a client that day b) Informing the physical therapist that client's therapy was discontinued c) Telling a client their blood pressure d) Calling a physician about a client's blood pressure

• Calling a physician about a client's blood pressure • Informing the physical therapist that client's therapy was discontinued • Telling a client their blood pressure When acting in the role of communicator, the nurse is using effective interpersonal and therapeutic communication skills to establish and maintain helping relationships for clients. Examples include telling a client their blood pressure, calling a physician regarding a client condition, and communication pertinent information with members of the allied discipline team, such as the physical therapist. Telling a friend something that happened to a client that day is not the role of the nurse as communicator, in fact it may be a violation of the client's privacy and confidentiality.

Choice Multiple question - Select all answer choices that apply. While nursing can and has been described in many different ways, the focus of all nursing interventions can be described by which of the following statements? a) Nursing focuses on the human experience and responses of individuals, families, and groups. b) Nursing focuses on the spiritual dimension of the client. c) Nursing focuses on curing illness in individuals. d) Nursing focuses on birth, health, illness, and death of individuals.

• Nursing focuses on the human experience and responses of individuals, families, and groups. The focus of all nursing interventions is on the human experience and responses of individuals, families, and groups to birth, health, illness, and death. The other statements limit the focus of nursing to either individual clients or one aspect of care.

Choice Multiple question - Select all answer choices that apply. A physician tells the nurse that nursing is a discipline, but not a profession. Which of the following criteria should the nurse utilize to demonstrate that nursing is increasingly recognized as a profession? Select all that apply. a) Code of ethics b) Well-defined body of knowledge c) Regulation by the medical profession d) Ongoing research

• Well-defined body of knowledge • Code of ethics • Ongoing research Nursing is recognized increasingly as a profession based on the following defining criteria: well-defined body of specific and unique knowledge; strong service orientation; recognized authority by a professional group; code of ethics; professional organization that sets standards; ongoing research; autonomy and self-regulation

Which of the following is the best example of the nurse implementing QSEN competencies? a) Discussing a client's care with his wife b) Sharing in the physician's notes c) Keeping up four side rails for a confused client d) Including the client in the morning rounds

Including the client in the morning rounds More recently these have been further specified as the quality and safety education for nursing (QSEN) competencies: client-centered care, teamwork and collaboration, quality improvement, safety, evidence-based practice, and informatics. By including the client in the morning rounds, the nurse is practicing client-centered care.

A nurse educator is discussing the role of nursing based on the American Nurses Association (ANA). Which statement best describes this role? a) It is the role of the physician, not the nurse, to assist patients in understanding their health problems. b) It is the role of nursing to provide a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing. c) The essential components of professional nursing care are strength, endurance, and cure. d) Nursing is a profession dependent upon the medical community as a whole.

It is the role of nursing to provide a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing. The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing as "the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations" (ANA, 2010). The ANA does not see nursing as dependent upon medicine. The ANA sees one of the roles of the nurse as assisting clients in understanding their health problems. The ANA does not address essential components of professional nursing care with terms such as strength, endurance, and cure.

The nurse is caring for a client who ascribes to the theory of animism. When attempting to explain this theory to other staff members, the nurse should state which of the following? a) "Pets can help heal clients." b) "The physician is viewed as a god-like figure." c) "Everything in nature is alive with invisible forces." d) "The nurse is the handmaiden of the physician."

"Everything in nature is alive with invisible forces." The theory of animism attempts to explain the cause of mysterious changes in bodily functions. This theory was based on the belief that everything in nature was alive with invisible forces and endowed with power.

The registered nurse is teaching a community health class about illness prevention. Which of the following statements reflects understanding of this concept? a) "I will take my medication for hypertension every day." b) "It is important to enroll in a smoking cessation class." c) "My family will call hospice for an evaluation." d) "If I am injured, I will call an ambulance."

"It is important to enroll in a smoking cessation class." Enrolling in a smoking cessation class is an example of illness prevention. It will prevent conditions such as asthma and COPD. A hospice evaluation is for someone who is terminally ill, hypertension is already a disease entity, and an ambulance for injury does not denote illness prevention.

A client asks asks an RN to prescribe a medication for pain. Which of the following is the best answer by the nurse? a) "No nurse can prescribe a medication." b) "Take one acetaminophen every 4 hours." c) "Only advanced practice registered nurses have prescriptive authority." d) "Take two ibuprofen every 4 to 6 hours."

"Only advanced practice registered nurses have prescriptive authority." The best answer by the nurse is that only advanced practice registered nurses have prescriptive authority. The registered nurse who is not an advanced practice nurse should not prescribe medications, even over-the-counter medications, such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen.

In what time period did nursing care as we now know it begin? a) 16th to 17th century b) Pre-civilization c) Early civilization to 16th century d) 18th to 19th century

18th to 19th century From the middle of the 18th century to the 19th century, social reforms changed the roles of nurses and of women in general. It was during this time that nursing as we now know it began, based on the beliefs of Florence Nightingale.

The nurse is evaluating client health. Which of the following clients should the nurse determine to be exhibiting the most signs of health? a) A client in acute emotional distress due to husband's death b) A client with diabetes who is in denial of the diabetes and refuses to take insulin c) A client with a leg amputation that performs activities of daily living with a prothesis d) A client with depression who refuses to get out of bed

A client with a leg amputation that performs activities of daily living with a prothesis As defined by the World Health Organization, one's health includes physical, social, and mental components and is not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Health is often a subjective state—a person may be medically diagnosed with an illness, but still consider himself or herself healthy. The client with an amputee is performing activities of daily living, thereby demonstrating healthy behaviors.

Which of the following is the best example of a nurse in the role of counselor? a) A nurse ensuring that a client has follow-up care at a free clinic b) A nurse providing the physician a client's test results c) A nurse allowing a crying client to verbalize their fears of death d) A nurse telling a client the side effects of a medication

A nurse allowing a crying client to verbalize their fears of death When the nurse is acting as a counselor, the nurse uses therapeutic interpersonal skills to facilitate the client's problem-solving and decision-making skills. The best example is the nurse allowing the client to verbalize their feelings, as verbalizing feelings lets the client gain a better perspective of their situation for problem solving and for coming to terms with the situation. Telling the client about the side effects of a medication is a form of teaching. Providing test results to the physician is communication, and ensuring a client has follow-up care at a free clinic is advocacy.

A nurse is considering relocating to another state to practice nursing. Which of the following is the most appropriate action by the nurse to ensure ability to practice in the new state? a) Applying for a reciprical license in the new state b) Asking the current state to transfer the license c) No action is needed by the nurse. d) Taking the new state's licensing exam

Applying for a reciprical license in the new state Nurses gain legal rights to practice nursing in another state by applying to that state's board of nursing and receiving reciprocal licensure.

The nurse caring for a client with a new diagnosis of cancer allows the client to verbalize fears relating to how to tell the children. The nurse's intervention reflects which aspect of nursing? a) Application of research b) Evidence based practice c) Art of nursing d) Science of nursing

Art of nursing In this example, the nurse is utilizing a holistic approach to the provision of nursing care based on the knowledge of providing psychosocial interventions, such as allowing the client to verbalize feelings/fears. This application of knowledge is the art of nursing. The science of nursing is the knowledge base for the provision of care. Evidence-based practice and application of research is using research to make decisions on how to care for clients.

Which of the following is the best example of the nurse in the role of teacher/educator? a) Conducting research on dressing changes b) Communicating discharge status to home care agency c) Assessing if the client is able to perform a dressing change d) Teaching a first grader to read

Assessing if the client is able to perform a dressing change When in the role of teacher/educator, the nurse uses communication skills to assess, implement, and evaluate teaching plans to meet the learning needs of clients and their families. The nurse assessing if a client is able to perform a dressing change is assessing for the need for education on how to perform the dressing change. Teaching a first grader to read is an example of the nurse teaching, the teaching of children to read is not within the scope of nursing practice. Communication of discharge status is an example of the nurse as a communicator, and conduction of research is an example of the role of the nurse as a researcher.

The registered nurse is performing a nutritional assessment to ensure that the client's diet is optimal for wound healing. The nurse's intervention can be traced back to which of nursing's key people's contributions to nursing? a) Linda Richards b) Florence Nightingale c) Dorothea Dix d) Clara Barton

Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing included the recognition of the importance of nutrition to health. Clara Barton established the Red Cross. Dorothea Dix was a pioneer for reform of treatment for the mentally ill. Linda Richards began the practice of keeping records and writing orders.

Attracting minorities to the profession of nursing is an important consideration for the future of nursing. Which of the following key historical nursing figures set a precedent in this area? a) Nora Gertrude Livingston b) Mary Ann Bickerdyke c) Mary Elizabeth Mahoney d) Mary Agnes Snively

Mary Elizabeth Mahoney Mary Elizabeth Mahnone set a precendent for minorities in the profession of nursing by becoming the first African American nurse in America. Ms. Livingston established the first 3-year hospital training in North American. Ms. Snively was a founder of the Canadian Nurses Society. Ms. Bickerdyke organized diet kitchens, laundries, and ambulance services.

The client's plan of care is created by the nurse using which guideline for nursing practice? a) Nursing's Social Policy Statement b) ANA Standards of Nursing Practice c) Nurse practice act d) Nursing process

Nursing process Nursing process is used to identify the client's strengths, limitations, and health care needs, to formulate a plan of care to address the health care needs, to implement that plan of care, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to achieve established outcomes. The ANA Standards of Nursing Practice defines the activities of nurses that are specific and unique to nursing. Nurse practice acts are laws established by each state to regulate the practice of nursing. Nursing's Social Policy Statement describes the values and social responsibility of nursing, provides a definition and scope of practice for nursing and nursing's knowledge base, as well as the methods by which nursing is regulated.

Which of the following might a nurse need to do to ensure the continuation of his/her nursing license? a) Obtain a baccalaureate degree. b) Obtain continuing education credits. c) Obtain a masters degree. d) Attend hospital in-services.

Obtain continuing education credits. In many states, continuing eduction is required for an RN to maintain licensure. These are defined as professional development experiences designed to enrich the nurse's contribution to health. Obtainment of an ongoing degree is not necessary to maintain licensure. While hospital in-services may provide continuing education, not all in-services are designed to do so.

A nurse has recently completed the administration of seasonal influenza vaccinations for the residents of a long-term care facility. Which of the following aims of nursing has the most clearly demonstrated? a) Facilitating coping b) Restoring health c) Preventing illness d) Promoting health

Preventing illness Vaccinations are one of the most concrete measures that nurses take to prevent illness in patients, as the antibody production that is induced by vaccination actively prevents the recipient from developing the influenza.

Which of the following nursing interventions would be the most appropriate for a new mother that calls the nursery for help with breastfeeding? a) Refer the mother for a home care visit. b) Suggest that the mother bottle feed her infant. c) Ask the mother to come to the emergency room. d) Email the mother a link for breastfeeding.

Refer the mother for a home care visit. It is the role of the nurse to encourage health promotion by providing information and referrals; therefore, the nurse should refer the mother for a home care visit, as this will enable the mother to receive all of the breast feeing help that is needed. Emailing a link for breastfeeding provides information, but not the support that is needed if a mother is having difficulty with breastfeeding. Suggesting bottle feeding and/or going to the emergency room is inappropriate.

A nurse is providing care for patients in a long-term care facility. Based on the definitions of nursing in the textbook, what should be the central focus of this care? a) Nursing as a profession b) The nurse as the caregiver c) The patient receiving the care d) The nursing actions provided by the nurse

The patient receiving the care The client receiving the care is always the central focus of the nursing care provided. The central focus is not the nurse, the nursing actions, or nursing as a profession.

A registered nurse wishes to work as a nurse researcher. Which of the following is true regarding nurse researchers? a) They serve as liaisons between staff members and directors of nursing. b) They are responsible for the continued development and advancement of nursing. c) They usually have a baccalaureate degree in nursing. d) They tend to work in community health centers and long-term care units.

They are responsible for the continued development and advancement of nursing. Nurse researchers are responsible for the continued development and refinement of nursing. They usually have advanced education in addition to a baccalaureate degree in nursing. Nurse administrators, not nurse researchers, serve as liaisons between staff members and directors of nursing. Nurse researchers tend to work in large teaching hospitals, research centers, and academic institutions, not community health centers and long-term care units.

The nurse working with an LPN understands which of the following about LPNs? a) The program is 4 years in length. b) They may work independently. c) They must take a licensure exam. d) They have a higher degree than most RNs.

They must take a licensure exam. Schools for practical nursing programs are located in varied settings. Most programs are 1 year in length. Upon completion of the program, graduates can take the National Council Licensure Examination-Practical Nurse (NCLEX-PN) for licensure as an LPN. LPNs work under the direction of a physician or RN to give direct care to clients, focusing on meeting healthcare needs in hospitals, nursing homes, and home health agencies.

Why are nursing organizations important for the continued development and improvement of nursing as a whole? a) To provide socialization and networking for members b) To regulate work activities for members c) To set standards for nursing education and practice d) To provide information to nurses about legal requirements

To set standards for nursing education and practice Professional organizations set educational and practice standards for nursing education and practice. They also are concerned with current issues in nursing and health care, and influence health care policy and legislation. Although professional organizations may provide outlets for networking, regulate work activities, and provide information about legal requirements, setting standards for education and practice is a primary focus.

Which of the following practices by the nurse indicate that the nurse is a professional?

Using evidence-based practice interventions When the nurse utilizes evidence-based practice interventions, the interventions are based on ongoing research, which is part of the defining criteria of a profession. If writing articles is considered a professional activity, the article should be specific to nursing and not for the general public, as in Reader's Digest.

The RN is working with hospital administration to transform care at their facility. Which of the following nursing competencies will be critical for the nurse to utilize? a) Do things the way they have always been done. b) Navigate the electronic medical records system. c) Correctly utilize and troubleshoot high-tech equipment. d) Work effectively in interdisciplinary teams.

Work effectively in interdisciplinary teams. The RN working with administration to transform care will need to be able to work effectively as part of an interdisciplinary team. The nurse will need to work as a team member with members of administration, as well as representatives from other health disciplines involved in the project. The ability to use and troubleshoot equipment and to navigate the electronic medical records are important to the nurse, but will not necessarily help when working with administration to transform care. Doing things the way they have always been done is a barrier to transformation of care.

What is the best nursing intervention to promote health in a client at risk for heart disease? a) Emphasizing a client's strengths to encourage weight loss b) Informing the client that he/she must lose weight c) Taking the client's pulse rate daily d) Instructing client to adhere to a high-sodium diet

a) Emphasizing a client's strengths to encourage weight loss Nurses promote health by identifying, analyzing, and maximizing each client's own individual strengths as components of preventing illness, restoring health, and facilitating coping with disability or death. Emphasizing the client's strengths to encourage weight loss will be the most effective weight to promote this client's health. Informing the client that they must lose weight will not help the client use his/her strengths to accomplish the goal. Low-sodium diets can prevent heart disease. Taking the pulse daily will not prevent heart disease.

A student nurse understands that the primary aim of the Healthy People 2020 initiatives is a) health promotion. b) coping with disability. c) health restoration. d) illness prevention.

health promotion. Healthy People 2020 establishes health promotion guidelines for the nation as a whole. The guidelines contain 12 Leading Health Indicators, which are used to measure the health of the nation over a 10-year period. Illness prevention, health restoration, and coping with disability are components of the Healthy People 2020 guidelines, but are not considered as the primary goal of the initiative.

Choice Multiple question - Select all answer choices that apply. A nurse applies for membership in a professional nursing organization that is operating in the United States. To which organizations might this nurse apply? (Select all that apply.) a) ICN b) NNO c) AACN d) ANO e) NASN f) ANA

• ANA • ICN • AACN The American Nurses Association (ANA), International Council of Nurses (ICN), and American Association of Critical-Care Nurses (AACN) are three examples of organization that a nurse might apply. The NNO, NASN and ANO are not professional nursing organizations.

Choice Multiple question - Select all answer choices that apply. Which nursing actions demonstrate the aim of nursing to facilitate coping? (Select all that apply.) a) Teaching a class on the nutritional needs of pregnant women b) Teaching a patient and his/her family how to live with diabetes c) Providing counseling for the family of a teenager with an eating disorder d) Assisting a patient and his/her family to prepare for death e) Changing the bandages of a patient who has undergone heart surgery f) Starting an intravenous line for a malnourished elderly person

• Providing counseling for the family of a teenager with an eating disorder • Assisting a patient and his/her family to prepare for death • Teaching a patient and his/her family how to live with diabetes Coping is another important broad aim of nursing. Nurses facilitate client and family coping with altered function, life crisis, and death. Examples of coping would be teaching a client and the client's family about how to live with diabetes. Another example would be assisting a client and the client's family to prepare for death. A third example would be providing counseling for the family of a teenager with an eating disorder. Changing bandages, starting an IV, or teaching a class on an expected healthcare issue or need would not be examples of the aim of facilitating coping with disability or death.