PrepU Chapter 26
Which value does the nurse recognize as the best clinical measure of renal function?
creatinine clearance
A client asks the nurse why a creatinine clearance test is accurate. The nurse is most correct to reply which of the following?
"Creatinine is broken down at a constant rate, and the total amount is excreted by the kidney."
The nurse is providing instructions to the client prior to an intravenous pyelogram. Which statement by the client indicates teaching was effective?
"I will feel a warm sensation as the dye is injected."
Following a renal biopsy, a client reports severe pain in the back, the arms, and the shoulders. Which intervention should be offered by the nurse?
Assess back and shoulders for signs of internal bleeding
A client in a short-procedure unit is recovering from renal angiography in which a femoral puncture site was used. When providing post procedure care, the nurse should:
Check pedal pulses frequently
A patient with a history of type 1 diabetes is being assessed for possible diabetic nephropathy, and a component of the ordered diagnostic evaluation is a urinalysis. This patient's ability to concentrate urine would be reflected in what component of urinalysis?
Glucose
The nurse is providing preprocedure teaching about an ultrasound. The nurse informs the patient that, in preparation for an ultrasound of the lower urinary tract, the patient will require what?
Increase fluid intake to produce a full bladder
A patient has been admitted to the hospital with signs and symptoms of acute renal failure. Knowing the vital role that the kidneys play in maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance, the care team is monitoring the patient's laboratory values closely. Which of the following laboratory values is suggestive of renal failure?
K+ 7.1 mmol/L
The nurse reviews a client's history and notes that the client has a history of hyperparathyroidism. The nurse would identify that this client most likely would be at risk for which of the following?
Kidney stones
A nurse who works in a clinic is aware of the importance of thorough and thoughtful urologic assessments, despite the fact that these assessments have the potential to make patients uncomfortable. When interviewing patients about their urologic health, the nurse should:
Maintain a composed but empathetic demeanor
Urine specific gravity is a measurement of the kidney's ability to concentrate and excrete urine. The specific gravity measures urine concentration by measuring the density of urine and comparing it with the density of distilled water. Which is an example of how urine concentration is affected?
On a hot day, a person who is perspiring profusely and taking little fluid has low urine output with a high specific gravity.
The nurse is aware, when caring for patients with renal disease, that which substance made in the glomeruli directly controls blood pressure?
Renin
The nurse is caring for a client who is brought to the emergency department after being found unconscious outside in hot weather. Dehydration is suspected. Baseline lab work including a urine specific gravity is ordered. Which relation between the client's symptoms and urine specific gravity is anticipated?
The specific gravity will be high
A nurse is caring for a 73-year-old male patient with a urethral obstruction related to prostatic enlargement. The nurse is aware this may result in what?
UTI
intravenous pyelogram
a radiographic study of the kidneys and ureters used to diagnose changes in the urinary tract
The nurse is assessing a client at the diagnostic imaging center. For which diagnostic test would the client assess for an allergy to shellfish?
computed tomoraphy with contrast
When the bladder contains 400 to 500 mL of urine, this is referred to as
functional capacity
A client reports urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria. Which of the following would the nurse most likely suspect?
infection
renal angiography
x-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney