PrepU - Foundations Ch. 2

Which is not an example of a problem statement?

"Is it better to tell clients that a medical error has occurred with their care and do an internal investigation, or tell them about the error and do an internal investigation?"

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as:

Adults

As a researcher begins to form plans for a research project, the researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The nurse researcher that plans to emphasize collection data and the analyses for the purpose of improving clinical practice would select which of the following methods of research?

Applied Research

Which is not a focus of nursing research?

Drug metabolism by Cytochrome P450

Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?

Florence Nightingale

The statement, "More frequent handwashing will significantly lower the rate of infection in hospitalized clients," is an example of what research component?

Hypothesis

What is the central theme of Florence Nightingale's nursing theory?

Meeting the personal needs of the client within the environment.

A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact funding?

National Institute of Nursing Research

When a researcher begins to form plans for a research project, the researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The nurse researcher that plans to emphasize collection of narrative data and the analyses would select which of the following methods of research?

Qualitative research

Which statement best explains the importance of theoretic frameworks?

Theoretic frameworks advance nursing knowledge and practice.

A nurse wants to implement Sister Callista Roy's Adaptation Theory in the acute care setting. Which nursing action demonstrates proper use and implementation of this theory?

assessing for factors interfering with healing

The nurse subscribes to the Basic Needs theory. Which action exemplifies this theory by the nurse?

assisting the client to the bedside commode

When the nurse researcher informs the participant that his identity will not be linked with the information that is collected, the researcher is ensuring the participant's:

confidentiality.

The scientific process and nursing research have the same methodologies for investigating and solving problems. Place the steps of the scientific process and nursing research in order.

identifying what one needs to know or is curious about deciding the approach to seeking the answer devising a plan implementing the plan assessing the evidence

A well-constructed problem statement formulated at the beginning of a nursing research study should:

indicate the population.

A nurse researcher is preparing to conduct a research study that involves human subjects. Prior to conducting the study, what approval should the nurse obtain?

institutional review board

A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which of the following will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?

preventing skin breakdown

The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) was established following a study in 1983. The center's purpose is to:

promote research for health promotion.

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and chooses a mixed method of research. The nurse chooses this method based on the understanding that the results will:

provide a more complex level of understanding.

The nurse researcher would like to gather data about the attitudes of young adults on spirituality and health care. What is the most effective form of research on this topic?

qualitative research

A nurse researcher is collecting nominal data. What type of research is being conducted?

quantitative research

A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process?

scientific literature review

Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:

use of outcome studies to guide decisions

The director of nurses (DON) in a long-term care facility has noticed an increased number of urinary tract infections (UTIs) on the east wing of the facility, and would like the infection control nurse to investigate this problem. What is the best problem statement for this study?

"Is there a relationship between the personnel caring for specific clients and whether or not these clients developed UTIs?"

How would a student nurse define a conceptual framework?

A group of interrelated objects that follow a pattern.

A nurse is completing a family assessment on a routine home health visit. The parents have a child with a severe peanut allergy. The mother states that she does not purchase any foods with peanut or peanut oil for her family. The other children are allowed to have foods containing peanuts while they are at school and visiting with friends and family. The nurse would conclude that which of the following theories would most like be the basis for this family's functioning?

Adaptation Theory

A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem Self Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client?

Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietician.

The nursing instructor is explaining sources of knowledge to a group of nursing students. The nursing instructor describes "some knowledge is gained from someone with a great deal of perceived experience." One of the students correctly describes this source as being:

Authoritative knowledge

A nursing theory differs from a theoretical framework in which way?

Concepts and propositions are more specific and present or explain some phenomenon systematically

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson

When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?

Evaluating practice change

In nursing class the instructor asks the students about the nursing research process. The student identifies the first nurse to collect data on clients as which of the following?

Florence Nightingale

A male client 79 years of age who is postoperative Day 3 following hip replacement surgery has been approached by a nurse researcher and asked to participate in a research study. This study will test a new rehabilitation strategy. What aspect of the nursing research process addresses the client's understanding of the potential risks and benefits of this study?

Going through the informed consent process with the client

A nursing student is describing building nursing theory during a fundamentals nursing class. The student implies that a theory can be built by looking at a group of specific ideas and then drawing conclusions that relate to a general idea. The nursing instructor knows that the student is describing which of the following?

Inductive reasoning

A nurse is reviewing nursing theory for usefulness in a home healthcare setting. Which is the appropriate application of Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Model in a home healthcare setting?

Match the client's self-care needs with appropriate supportive interventions.

Which group of nurses would be least likely involved in direct research? Select all that apply.

Novice nurses Student nurses

What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?

Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care.

Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge?

Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.

The nursing instructor asks a group of students to identify a theory that describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice. One student correctly identifies this theory as what?

Nursing theory

During an in-class review of nursing research a student asks the instructor why evidence-based practice is considered the best way to practice nursing. The correct response from the instructor includes that the actions by the nurse are based upon which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

Published research National standards National guidelines Targeted literature

What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions of receiving care?

Qualitative

Which type of quantitative research will examine cause-and-effect relationships between selected variables?

Quasi-experimental

A nurse researcher is preparing to conduct a research study on the effects of inflammatory bowel disease on nutritional status and bone density. The study includes clients diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease. Which information would the nurse researcher be required to give the participants? Select all that apply.

a description of the type of data that will be collected an explanation of the commitment needed compensation if reimbursement will be made methods used to protect anonymity and confidentiality

A nurse researcher is examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats. The research is taking place in a laboratory setting. What type of quantitative research is being used based upon this description?

experimental research

One of the primary focuses of nursing research is to:

generate knowledge to guide practice.

The nurse is studying nursing models for a Baccalaureate course. Which action made by the nurse exemplifies proper application of the Adaptation model?

helping the client adjust to blood sugar testing each morning

A nurse admitting a client to the home health service is gathering information for the client's database. Within the database, the nurse gathers information on the client's health history, past surgeries, diet, exercise, psychosocial status, family and support persons, and spirituality. This information will assist in the development of the client's plan of care. This is considered a:

holistic database

Nursing research is linked most closely to:

nursing process

A nursing instructor would like to study the effect peer tutoring has on student success. What is the independent variable?

peer tutoring

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

traditional knowledge

The nursing instructor is discussing nursing theories and concepts with a group of nursing students in a fundamentals course. In guiding the thoughts and understanding of concepts, the instructor discusses nursing concepts specifically. The purpose of concepts in nursing practice include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

• Guide the steps of the nursing process. • Suggest appropriate nursing interventions. • Serve in the determination of what information is relevant related to a specific client issue. • Suggest appropriate nursing outcomes for a client.

A nursing researcher presents the findings of his or her current study at a School of Nursing's research conference. While there, the nurse speaks with another nurse researcher interested in similar topics and the two decide to discuss forming a partnership for further research projects. This type of interaction is an example of:

networking

Why is it important for the findings of a research study to be disseminated? Select all that apply

so that clinical application can occur in order for research replication by other nurses to take place to strengthen and validate conclusions by similar findings in more than one research study

A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICO format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?

chromium supplements

A nursing student is describing abstract ideas with a group of peers. The student says that these ideas can be a group of objects with relationships. The nursing instructor knows that the student is describing which of the following?

concepts

A nurse is preparing a seminar for a nursing research symposium. As part of the presentation, the nurse plans to discuss the history surrounding the development of nursing research. When describing the research that occurred during the early half of the twentieth century, which area would the nurse describe as being the focus?

nursing education

Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:

use of outcome studies to guide decisions.

A nursing student is describing abstract ideas with a group of student peers. The student suggests that these ideas can be a group of objects and the relationships among them. The nursing instructor knows that the student is describing which of the following?

concepts

A nurse is writing an article for a nursing journal describing a study of the emergency protocols in a hospital emergency department. Which statements accurately describe elements of this process? (Select all that apply.)

The introduction reviews the literature and states the purpose of the article. The method section provides details of how the study was conducted. The results are often presented in words, charts, tables, or graphs.