PRG Final
In data processing, a collection of information about a person or thing is called a file
False
Instance variables go away once a method terminates
False
Keywords make good variable names
False
Method names should always begin with one or two underscores
False
Multi-way decisions must be handled by nesting multiple if-else statements
False
Operations like addition and subtraction are defined in the math library
False
Programs no longer require modification after they are written and debugged
False
Python does not allow the input of multiple values with a single statement
False
Python functions can never modify a parameter
False
Secondary memory is also called RAM.
False
Since floating point numbers are extremely accurate, they should generally be used instead of ints.
False
The Python random function returns a pseudo random int
False
The add method can be used to add an item to the end of a list
False
The best way to write a program is to immediately type in some code and then debug it until it works
False
The copy method is provided to make a copy of a graphics object
False
The first parameter of a Python method definition is called this
False
The math.sqrt function cannot compute the square root of a negative number
False
The process of associating a file with an object in a program is called "reading" the file
False
The statement myShape.move(10,20) moves myShape to the point (10,20)
False
The syntax of a language is its meaning, and semantics is its form
False
Unlike strings, Python lists are not mutable
False
Which of the following is NOT a step in the software development process? Specification Testing/Debugging Free Setting Maintenance
Free Setting
A user interface organized around visual elements and user actions is called a
GUI
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a Python list? - It is an object - It is a sequence - It can hold objects - It is immutable
It is immutable
What expression would create a line from (2,3) to (4,5)?
Line(Point(2,3), Point(4,5))
A simulation that uses probabilistic events is called...
Monte Carlo
Unit-testing is the process of trying out a component of a larger program in isolation
True
a and (b or c) == (a and b) or (a and c)
True
The literals for type bool are...
True, False
What is the fundamental question of computer science?
What can be computed?
When a program i being run directly, the value of __name__ is...
__main__
One difference between a compiler and an interpreter is...
a compiler is no longer needed after a program is translated
A statement is...
a complete computer commmand
The template for <variable> in range(<expr>) describes...
a counted loop
string
a data type for representing a sequence of characters (text)
Define constructor
a function that creates a new object
Define method
a function that lives inside and object
Which of the following is not a Python type-conversion function? float round int abs
abs
Which of the following computes the horizontal distance between points p1 and p2? abs(p1-p2) p2.getX() - p1.getX() abs(p1.getY() - p2.getY()) abs(p1.getX() - p2.getX())
abs(p1.getX() - p2.getX())
A method that returns the value of an object's instance variable is called an
accessor
The pattern used to compute factorial is...
accumulator
If a function returns a value, it should generally be called from...
an expression
In order to use functions in the math library, a program must include...
an important statement
A Python convention for defining methods that are "private" to a class is to begin the method name with...
an underscore (_)
The method that adds a single item to the end of a list is...
append
In a Button widget, what is the data type of the instance variable active?
bool
In the racquetball simulation, what data type is returned by the gameOver function?
bool
What statement can be executed in the body of a loop to cause it to terminate?
break
The part of a program that uses a function is called the...
caller
Define mutator
changes the state of an object (modifies one or more instance variables)
Wha Python reserved word starts a class definition?
class
software
computer programs
A statement that controls the execution of other statements is called a...
control structure
In moden Python, an int value that grows larger than the underlying hardware int...
converts to float
What color is color_gb(0, 255, 255)?
cyan
Define instance variable
data stored inside an object
The term applied to hiding details inside class definitions is...
encapsulation
Fragments of code that produce or calculate new data values are called...
expressions
The most appropriate data type for storing the value of pi is...
float
Difference between actual and formal parameters
formal parameters = variable (amount) actual parameters = constant amount (200)
A method defintion is similar to a...
function definition
In top-down design, the subcompacts of the design are...
functions
Which of the following is NOT a Python list method? - index - insert - get - pop
get
The best structure for implementing a multi-way decision in Python is...
if-elif-else
Accessing a single character out of a string is called...
indexing
Where mathematicians use subscripting, computer programmers use...
indexing
A loop that never terminates is called...
infinite
The arrows in a module hierarchy chart depict...
information flow
In Python, getting user input is done with a special expression called...
input
A loop pattern that asks the user whether to continue on each iteration is called an...
interactive loop
In a mixed-type expression involving ints and floats, Python will convert...
ints into floats
A method definition with four formal parameters is generally called with how many actual parameters?
it depends
A problem is intractable when...
it is not practical to solve
What keyword parameter is used to send a key-function to the sort method?
key
By convention, the statements of a program are often placed in a function called...
main
The parameter bar in stdDev is what?
mean
A multiple choice question is most similar to...
multi-way decisions
A function can modify the value of an actual parameter only if it's...
mutable
A method that changes the state of an object is called a
mutator
Computer languages designed to be used and understood by humans are...
natural languages
Placing a decision inside of another decision is an example of...
nesting
Before reading or writing to a file, a file object must be created via...
open
The items listed in the parentheses of a function definition are called...
parameters
Formal and actual parameters are matched up by...
position
A loop structure that test the loop condition after executing the loop body is called a...
post-test loop
The initial version of a system used in spiral development is called a...
prototype
Which expression is true approximately 66% of the time? - random() >= 66 - random() < 0.66 - random() < 66 - random() >= 0.66
random() >= 0.66
Which of the following is NOT a Python data type? int float string rational
rational
Which of the following is NOT a file-reading method in Python? read readline readall readlines
readall
AN algorithm is like a...
recipe
Define accessor
returns the value of one or more of an object's instance variables
Which of the following is the same as s[0:-1]? s[-1] s[:] s[:len(s)-1] s[0:len(s)]
s[:len(s)-1]
Within a method definition, the sentence variable x could be accessed via which expression?
self.x
A loop pattern that continues until a special value is input is called a...
sentinel loop
A priming read is part of the pattern for a...
sentinel loop
The items dictionary method returns a...
sequence of tuples
Which command would be used to draw the graphics object shape into the graphics window win?
shape.draw(win)
Which of the following is the most accurate model of assignment in Python? sticky-note variable-as-box simultaneous plastic-scale
simultaneous
Which of the following is NOT a dictionary method? - get - keys - sort - clear
sort
Which of the following is NOT a built-in sequence operation in Python? - sorting - concatenation - slicing - repetition
sorting
The process of describing exactly what a computer program will do to solve a problem is called...
specification
Which of the following is NOT a built-in operation? + % abs() sqrt()
sqrt()
Which of the following are NOT used in expressions? variables statements operators literals
statements
A graphical view of the dependencies among components of a design is called a...
structure chart
The easiest place in a system structure to start unit-testing is...
the bottom
hardware
the physical components of a computing system
A structure in which one decision leads to another set of decisions, which leads to another set of decisions, etc. is called a decision...
tree
In Python, actual parameters are passes to functions by...
value
What command would set the coordinates of win to go from (0,0) in the lower-left corner to (10,10) in the upper-right?
win.setcoords(0,0,10,10)
Which of the following expressions correctly tests if x is even? - x % 2 == 0 - even(x) - not odd(x) - x % 2 == x
x % 2 == 0
An object may have only one instance variable
False
Arrays are usually heterogeneous, but lists are homogeneous
False
Computer science is the study of computers.
False
Computers can generate truly random numbers
False
Functions that live in objects are called instance variables
False
In Python, a function can return only one value
False
In Python, some parameters are passed by reference
False
Every Python function returns some value
True
Expressions are built from literals, variables, and operators
True
Functions that live in objects are called methods
True
In a Python class, the constructor is called __int__
True
In python, x = x + 1 is a legal statement
True
In top-down design, the main algorithm is written in terms of functions that don't yet exist
True
Information can be passed into a function through parameters
True
Informtion that is stored and manipulated by computers is called data
True
Instance variables are used to store data inside an object
True
It is considered bad style to directly access an stance variable outside of a class definition
True
Items can be removed from a list with the del operator
True
New objects are created by invoking a constructor
True
Python identifiers must start with a letter or underscore
True
Python lists are mutable, but string are not
True
Standard deviation measures how spread out a data set is
True
Strings are compared by lexicographic ordering
True
The Boolean operator or returns True when both of its operands are true
True
The CPU is the "brain" of the computer.
True
The condition x <= y <= z is allowed in Python
True
The counted loop pattern uses a definite loop
True
The easiest way to iterate through the lines of a file in Python is to use a while loop
True
The first parameter of a Python method definition is called self
True
The int data type is identical to the mathematical concept of integer
True
The last character of a string s is at position len(s)-1
True
The main function is at the top of a functional structure chart
True
The split method breaks a string into a list of substrings, and join does the opposite
True
The upper-left corner of a graphics window has coordinates (0,0)
True
Top-Down design is also called stepwise refinement
True
A Python string literal can span multiple lines if enclosed with...
" " "
How is a percent sign indicated in a string formatting template?
%
Which of the following is NOT a valid rule to Boolean algebra? - (True or x) == True - (False and x) == False - not (a and b) == not(a) and not(b) - (True or False) == True
(False and x) == False
The value of 4! is
24
Which of the following is NOT a legal identifier? spam spAm 2spam spam4U
2spam
The number of distinct values that can be represented using 5 bits is...
32
What are the 6 steps to software development?
A - Analyze D - Determine C - Create I - Implement T - Test M - Maintain
An expression that evaluates to either true or false is called...
Boolean
Which of the following is NOT a step in the function-calling process? - The calling program suspends - The formal parameters are assigned the value of the actual parameter - The body of the function executes - Control returns to the point just before the function was called
Control returns to the point just before the function was called
What kind of object can be used to get text input in a graphics window?
Entry
What is the correct formula for converting Celsius into Fahrenheit?
F = 9/5(C) + 32
Which line would NOT be found in a truth table for or? - TTT - TFT - FTF - FFF
FTF
A Python dictionary is a kind of sequence
False
A Python int can represent indefinitely large numbers
False
A Python string literal is always enclosed in double quotes
False
A Python while implements a definite loop
False
A chaotic function can't be computed by a computer
False
A developer should use either top-down or spiral design, but not both
False
A function that creates a new instance of a class is called an accessor
False
A list must contain at least one item
False
A loop is used to skip over a section of a program
False
A programming environment refers to a place where programmers work
False
A simplified version of a program is called a simulation
False
A string always contains a single line of text
False
A two-way decision is implemented using an if-elif statement
False
Which of the following are NOT a part of the IPO pattern? Input Program Process Output
Program
Which of the following is NOT an example of secondary memory? RAM Hard Drive USB Flash Drive CD-ROM
RAM
What graphics class would be best for drawing a square?
Rectangle
Which of the following is NOT a step in pure top-down design? - Repeat the process on smaller problems - Detail the algorithm in terms of its interfaces with smaller problems - Construct a simplified prototype of the system - Express the algorithm in terms of smaller problems
Repeat the process on smaller problems
Which line would NOT be found in a truth table for and? - TTT - TFT - FTF - FFF
TFT
A Docstring is the same thing as a comment
True
A counted loop is designed to iterate a specific number of times
True
A function defintion is a sequence of statements that defines a new command
True
A hardware float can represent a larger range of values than a hardware int.
True
A sentinel loop asks the user whether to continue on each iteration
True
A sentinel loop should not actually process the sentinel value
True
A simple decision can be implemented with an if statement
True
A simple try statement can catch multiple kids of errors
True
A single point on a graphics screen is called a pixel
True
A top-down design is best implemented from the top down
True
A tuple is similar to a immutable list
True
A variable is used to give a name to a value so it can be referred to in other places
True
Aliasing occurs when 2 variables refer to the same object
True
All information that a computer is currently working on is stored in main memory.
True
An algorithm can be written without using a programming language
True