Principles Of Biology 1 (Cancer)

7. Which of the following is the correct sequence for the cell cycle? Assume the cell has just completed cell division. A. G1-S-G2-M. B. G2-M-S-G1. C. G2-G1-S-M. D. G1-G2-S-M. E. S-M-G1-G2

Answer: A (G1-S-G2-M)

5. There are three major parts within each DNA nucleotide. Of these three, which is responsible for the storage of genetic information? A. it's four nitrogen bases. B. its deoxyribose sugar. C. it's phosphate bonds. D. its ribose sugar.

Answer: A (Its four nitrogen bases)

9. Which of the following is true concerning the checkpoints in the cell cycle? A. Mitosis stops if chromosomes are not properly aligned. B. Mitosis will still occur if the DNA is damaged or not replicated. C. The purpose of the cell cycle checkpoints is to ensure that mitosis results in haploid daughter cells. D. The G1 checkpoint is located at the tail end of the S phase of interphase. E. Most cells that undergo mitosis cannot proceed through all the cell cycle checkpoints and end up undergoing apoptosis.

Answer: A (Mitosis stops if chromosomes are not properly aligned)

11. Which of the following is a characteristic of cancer cells? A. Cells exhibit contact inhibition. B. Cells with abnormal nuclei. C. Cells that spend 90% of their lifetime in interphase. D. Cells are able to differentiate and specialize. E. Cells undergo highly regulated cell division.

Answer: B (Cells with abnormal nuclei)

8. During which stage of the cell cycle do the chromosomes duplicate? A. prophase. B. anaphase. C. interphase. D. telophase. E. mitosis.

Answer: C (Interphase)

1. Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control there. A. Size. B. Spindle fibers. C. Rate of cell division. D. Surface area. E. Volume.

Answer: C (Rate of cell division)

6. Which of the following is true of the chromosomes in a cell undergoing mitosis? A. They are loosely coiled. B. They are available for RNA synthesis. C. They have histones bound to them. D. They are found within the cytoplasm. E. They are present in the haploid number

Answer: C (They have histones bound to them)

12. If tumor cells have a faulty, nonfunctional proteinase, they will be unable to undergo which of the following processes? A. mitosis. B. mutation. C. metastasis. D. apoptosis. E. angiogenesis.

Answer: D (Apoptosis)

4. Enzymes are able to speed up the rate of a reaction by. A. Transferring electrons from one substance to another. B. Binding substrates to a membrane. C. Producing more enzymes. D. Lowering the energy needed for the reaction to proceed. E. Producing more substrates.

Answer: D (Lowering the energy needed for the reaction to proceed)

13. Which of the following is true about mutations? A. Mutations always involve a change in the resulting protein. B. Mutations are always caused by mutagens, including radiation, chemicals, or viruses. C. Mutations are always detrimental to the health of the organism. D. Mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA.

Answer: D (Mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA)

10. Which of the following is a correct association? A. cytokinesis - breaking of the centromeres. B. centromere - division of the cytoplasm. C. haploid - two of each chromosome. D. sister chromatids - two identical chromosome strands still attached at the centromere. E. mitosis - when a cell duplicates and then divides twice to reduce the chromosome number by half.

Answer: D (sister chromatids - two identical chromosome strands still attached at the centromere)

3. Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering the bottom of the dish. If cells are removed from the middle of the dish, the cells bordering the open space will begin dividing until they have filled the empty space. What does this experiment show? A. When cells come into contact with other cells, they stop growing. B. The controls on cell growth and division can be turned on and off. C. Cell division can be regulated by factors outside of the cell. D. Cells continue to grow as long as there is adequate space. E. All of the answer choices are correct.

Answer: E (All of the answer choices are correct)

2. Cancer occurs when. A. Cells are unable to divide because of a mutation. B. Faulty spindle fibers are unable to pull chromatids apart. C. Apoptosis occurs. D. Both uncontrolled cell division and stimulation of apoptosis occurs. E. The regulation of the cell cycle is lost and uncontrolled cell division occurs.

Answer: E (The regulation of the cell cycle is lost and uncontrolled cell division occurs)