Principles of Biology Chapter 1
Which of the following is smaller than an organelle?
A molecule
What is deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
A molecule that encodes genetic instructions
What describes a community?
All the populations of different species that live in an area
Production of runners, spores, and clones that bud from a parent are all examples of
Asexual Reproduction
Particles that make up molecules are called
Atoms
What are the small chemical units that can combine to form molecules?
Atoms
What is the basic unit of life and consists of a membrane enclosing water, DNA, and other chemicals?
Cell
Select all of the biological levels of organization than occur in single-celled organisms.
Cell, Molecules, Atoms and organelles
In the hierarchical organization of life, tissues are a collection of specialized ______ functioning in a coordinated way.
Cells
What is the term for all the populations of different species that occupy the same location at the same time?
Community
How are domains related to kingdoms?
Domains are related (most inclusive) taxonomic categories. Each domain may contain multiple kingdoms
An area of forest, including the organisms that occupy it and the nonliving components of its area, is an example of a(n)
Ecosystem
What biological level includes the living and nonliving components of a particular area?
Ecosystem
New complex functions and characteristics that arise when the lower level components of an organism interact are called
Emergent properties
All living things are composed of one or more cells, use ______ to grow and reproduce, and maintain a state of internal constancy.
Energy
The Concentration of salts in blood remains relatively steady, regardless of a person's diet. The situation best illustrates
Homeostasis
What is the correct way to write the scientific name for humans?
Homo sapiens (Italic)
A scientist has just observed a new phenomenon and wonders how it happens. What is the next step in the discovery of the answer?
Hypothesize
In the experiment to test the effect of temperature on the rate of bacterial reproduction, temperature would be the
Independent variable
is characterized by cellular organization, energy requirements, homeostasis, reproduction, growth, development, and evolution.
Life
What is a group of joined atoms, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
Molecule
Atoms can bond together to form
Molecules
All of the following are characteristics of life except
Multicellularity
A leaf is composed of several tissues organized to work together and is a(n) ______ of a plant.
Organ
An _____is composed of several organs that are connected and working
Organ system
Compartments within cells that carry out specific functions are called
Organelles
What are membrane-bounded compartments within eukaryotic cells that carry out specialized functions?
Organelles
Consider a species of frog that lives in many ponds throughout central California. A group of the frogs in one of the ponds, NOT including the other species of organisms living there, is an example of a(n)
Population
Evolution through natural selection will occur most rapidly for populations of plants that
Reproduce sexually and live in an unstable environment
The production of new organisms that are similar to existing organisms is a property of life called
Reproduction
What statement describes a cell?
The smallest unit that can be called life
are groups of specialized cells that function together.
Tissues
Can a theory be proven wrong?
Yes, a new observation or interpretation of data could disprove a theory
Because Plants extract nutrients from soil and use sunlight as an energy source, they are considered to be
autotrophs
A level of biological organization called the ________ includes all parts of Earth and its atmosphere where life can survive.
biosphere
What term refers to all parts of the planet that can support life?
biosphere
What describes metabolism?
chemical reactions that occur within cells to acquire and use energy and molecules
The cell's genetic instructions are encoded in a molecule called ______, and these instructions are used to produce proteins and allow the cell to carry out specialized functions.
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
Different components of biological organization can interact to produce more complex functions called ______ properties.
emergent
In ecosystems, organisms that eat other organisms are called consumers, or
heterotrophs.
Using a process called ______, living organisms maintain a state of internal constancy or equilibrium, such as a constant range of temperatures, nutrients, or water.
homeostasis
Multiple organs are linked together into
organ systems.
Match each example to its correct level of biological organization.
organism-Bacterial cell. Community-The plants, animals, and microorganisms that inhabit a particular field. Molecule-DNA. Ecosystem-Organism, water, air and nutrients in a desert area. Organ system-Heart and blood vessels. Atom-Carbon
A living thing or individual is also called a(n)
organism.
What term refers to members of the same species living in the same place at the same time?
population
Organisms that make their own food by obtaining energy and nutrients from nonliving sources are called
producers.
In ______ reproduction, offspring are genetically ______ and contain a mix of genes from two parents. In ______ reproduction, offspring are produced from one parent and are genetically identical.
sexual; diverse; asexual
In the hierarchy of biological organization, an organ is composed of several ______ interacting and working together.
tissues
What are the goals of taxonomy
to name species and classify them based on evolutionary relationships