Principles of Computer Programming: Programming Languages

*Are computer languages developed from assembly programming programming languages *Look more like ordinary human languages

High Level Languages

BASIC (Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code) COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) FORTRAN (Formula Translator) C and C++

High Level Languages examples include

-creates larger programs and thus runs slower than assembly languages or machine language programs -programs written in high-level languages are more likely to run much slower and require more memory and disk space -difficult to create a complier for a high-level language

High-Level Language disadvantages include

-faster to write in a high-level language than in assembly languages or machine language -learning a high level language takes less time -easier to read and understand - allows a program to be written on one computer and then run on a different computer

High-Level Languages Advantages include

*Is a computer program which converts the source code into machine language one line at a time *Is less frequently used compared to the complier *Uses a different converting process than the complier

Interpreter

*Is the basic computer language which consists of zeros and ones *Uses the binary code to communicate with the computer *Has its drawbacks

Machine Language

*Are computer programming languages used for managing a computer system *Deal with memory management, data transfer, device drivers and operating systems *Examples include C++, ESPOL and Ada

System Languages

*Are computer programming language designed specially for creating and maintaining webpages *Allows users to create interactive webpages *Are easy to read and learn *Examples include HTML, Java and VBScript

Webpage Languages

-first, the compiler converts the entire source code into machine language -the compiler then stores the machine language codes in a separate file, known as an executable file

What are the two steps to convert the Compiler codes?

*Are computer language writing application programs which solve specific problems *Include most general-purpose computer languages, such as C++, BASIC and Pascal

Application Languages

-runs slower than the machine language -can be complicated and time-consuming to write compared to high-level programming languages

Assembly Language Disadvantages include

*Are a type of computer programming language which are one step up from the machine language *Allow programmers to write programs faster than using machine language *Are a type of low-level programing languages

Assembly Languages

-easier to write and read than machine language -closer to ordinary human language

Assembly Languages advantages include

*Is a computer program which translates a series of high-level language codes into a separate series of machine language codes *Takes two steps to convert the codes

Compiler

*Function as translators converting code written in a programming language into the machine language

Compilers and Interpreters

* Have a large variety to choose from * Can be categorized by the level of intelligence * Can also be categorized by the usage

Computer Languages

-application -system languages -database languages -webpage languages

Computer Languages can also be categorized by the usage

-machine language -assembly languages -high-level languages

Computer Languages can be categorized by the level of intelligence

* Write step by step instructions which tell the computer exactly what it should do *Create orders for computers through computer languages, which are also called programming languages

Computer Programmers

Is the process of developing a sequence of instructions to enable a computer to accomplish a particular task

Computer Programming

-determining the task -breaking down one big task into a series of small tasks -telling the computer to implement the tasks

Computer Programming involves

*Are computer programming languages used to build and maintain databases *Allow users to create custom databases much faster than using a general-purpose language such as C++ or BASIC * Examples include: SQL (Structured Query Language) and FileMaker

Database Languages