Principles of Management (ch. 1 & 2) - Cate Loes Belmont

What's an organization?

A group of individuals who work together to achieve the goals or objectives that are important to these individuals

Which of the following characteristics relates to the Hawthorne studies?

A group of studies that provided the stimulus for the human-relations movement within management theory and practice

Which of the following characteristics best relates to management?

A set of activities designed to achieve an organization's objectives by using its resources effectively and efficiently in a changing environment

Define quantitative approach

A viewpoint of management that emphasizes the application of mathematical models, statistics, and structured information systems to support rational management decision making

You own and operate your own hamburger stand. One of your employees makes the hamburger patties, a second grills them, a third slaps them in buns, and a fourth sells them to customers. You are utilizing what management concept or theory?

Division of labor, or specialization

Which of the following refers to organizations owned either privately by one or more individuals or publicly by stockholders?

For-profit companies

What's meant by leading?

Influencing others' activities to achieve set goals

The beliefs, traditions, philosophies, rules, and heroes shared by the members of the organization are referred to as the organization's

Culture

At the age of 45, having made your fortune in the hamburger business, you sell the business, retire, and then take up full-time the hobby you love: painting. Whose theory or concept best describes your decision?

Maslow's self-actualization

When the manager of the Boston Red Sox uses the scouting, player development, and travel departments to make plans for an upcoming series, he is

NOT leading

You own a painting business in Minnesota. You watch the Weather Channel faithfully and schedule indoor painting for cold/wet days and outdoor painting for warm/dry days. You are using what management theory?

NOT systems theory

What term describes institutions such as governments, social cause organizations, and religious groups that cannot retain earnings over expenses, do not have equity interests, and cannot be bought or sold?

Nonprofit organizations

IBM has recently rearranged various administrative divisions and departments. This activity can be classified into which major management function?

Organizing

The work of W. Edwards Deming is most appropriately classified in which theory of management?

Systems

When the manager of the accounting department has the knowledge to answer his employees' questions about current tax regulations, he is displaying

Technical skills

Which of the following characteristics relates to technical skills?

The knowledge and ability to accomplish the specialized activities of the work groupThis answer is correct.

Define social forces

The relationship of people to each other within a particular culture

Which of the following characteristics relates to organizational culture?

The values, norms, and artifacts shared by members of an organization

You install a televised surveillance system in your doughnut shop so that you can keep an eye on every single employee, even when you are in your office. Your behavior is best described by ______?

Theory X

The distinguishing feature of division of labor, or specialization, is that it

breaks a job into component tasks and assigns a component to each worker.

The distinguishing feature of division of labor, or specialization, is that it ___________.

breaks a job into component tasks and assigns a component to each worker.

When a manager uses skills that are necessary to work with other people, such as communicating and listening, he or she is using

interpersonal skills.

What did mass-production techniques for standardized products lead to?

lowered production costs, which led to lower prices and expanded markets.

In the systems approach to management, an open system is usually thought of as having __________

much interaction with the external environment

what was the shift in thinking during the Protestant Ethic era?

people went from only making goods for themselves to recognizing their specialty and overproducing in that area in order to trade those goods

Three important trends that are impacting businesses today are e-business, global organizations, and

ethics and social responsibility.

When Henri Fayol said that management's role is to "forecast and plan, to organize, to command, to coordinate, and to control," he was stating the _________.

functional definition of management

As defined in the text, organizations are groups of individuals who work together to achieve

goals and objectives important to them .

The so-called "Protestant ethic" held that

hard work and self-denial would lead to a better afterlife.

One of Mary Parker Follett's major contributions to the behavioral approach to management was her stress on the importance of

work groups as an influence on worker behavior.

The contingency approach to management is best characterized by the short phrase

"it depends."

what book did Adam Smith write? What concept was it centered around?

- "Wealth of Nations" - capitalism

what was the big shift during the Industrial Revolution?

- people were moving from their family farms in rural areas to work in factories in the cities - workers were forced to do things new ways, follow new rules, work within certain hours, and work alongside strangers

The psychologist who developed the idea that human needs are arranged in a hierarchy of importance is

Abraham Maslow.

You believe that America's health care system will fix itself if the government simply leaves it alone. Your belief would probably be supported by which of the following persons?

Adam Smith

What is the systems approach to management theory?

An approach to management theory that views organizations and the environments within which they operate as sets of interrelated parts to be managed as a whole in order to achieve a common goal

What is meant by capitalism?

An economic system wherein the natural laws of supply and demand and free competition within the marketplace will efficiently regulate the flow of resources within a society

You have an employee-of-the-year award in your insurance business for the man or woman who consistently has the best attitude and gives the best service to your customers, as measured by their compliments. Which approach to management is your award based on?

Behavioral

What term describes an approach to management that stresses the manager's role in a formal hierarchy of authority and focuses on the task, machines, and systems needed to accomplish the task efficiently?

Classical Approach

What are learning organizations?

Companies that facilitate the learning of their members and continuously transform themselves

When your company, Powerful Personal Computers, lays out five million dollars to hire away a woman from a soft-drink firm as your new CEO, it is a good bet that you are paying these big bucks for her

Conceptual Skills

Who had the revolutionary idea of including error in the part of cost of producing? Who believed in taking extra time and money into fixing errors while still in production instead of after releasing to the market?

Edward Deming

Which of the following refers to using resources in a way that produces a desired result?

Effectively

What term describes accomplishing the objectives with a minimum of resources?

Efficiently

You watch a painter paint a house, and you videotape her movements. Later, you make specific recommendations for reducing her painting motions so she can be more efficient, and you also design a movable ladder for her to reduce fatigue. You are a disciple of _______.

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth

The management professor who actually followed managers for several days and took detailed notes about the purpose of all their activities was

Henry Mintzberg.

What term describes activities--including reporting, preparing data analyses, briefings, delivering mail, emailing, websites, and making telephone calls--that focus on data important for the decisions the manager needs to make?

Informational roles

who was known as the anti-Adam Smith?

Karl Marx

Drucker predicted that ______ would become increasingly important in the future, a prediction that became reality in the twenty-first century.

Knowledge workers

The manager of the Boston Red Sox delivers a fiery speech just before the game about why it is critically important to beat the Yankees. He is

Leading

Which of the following refers to the field of management that includes the study and use of mathematical models and statistical methods to improve the effectiveness of managerial decision making?

Management Science

Which of the following refers to a systematic statement, based on observations, of how the management process might best occur, given stated underlying principles?

Management Theory

What name is given to individuals who make decisions about the use of the organization's resources, and are concerned with planning, organizing, leading, and controlling the organization's activities so as to reach its objectives?

Managers

What name is given to the activities involved in designing jobs for employees, grouping these jobs together into departments, and developing working relationships among organizational units/departments and employees to carry out the plans?

Organizing

______ occurs when an organization transfers manufacturing, services, and other functions to countries where labor and supplies are less expensive.

Outsourcing

Which of the following characteristics best relates to resources?

People, equipment, finances, and data used by an organization to reach its objectives

Who is considered the "father of modern management"?

Peter Drucker

____ coined the term management by objectives in his 1954 work Practice of Management

Peter Drucker

What term describes determining what the organization will specifically accomplish and deciding how to accomplish these goals?

Planning

When the manager of the Boston Red Sox chooses his starting line-up for his next game, he is

Planning

What term describes the relationship of individuals, their rights, and their property to the state?

Political forces

What name is given to a theory within the classical approach that focuses on the improvement of operational efficiencies through the systematic and scientific study of work methods, tools, and performance standards?

Scientific Management

What is meant by interpersonal skills?

Skills such as communication, listening, conflict resolution, and leading that are necessary to work with others

______ refers to an organization's obligation to maximize its positive impact and minimize its negative impact on society.

Social responsibility

Which of the following refers to a person or group that can affect, or is affected by, an organization's goals or the means to achieve those goals?

Stakeholder

Which of the following refers to a practice whereby employees came to be viewed as informal groups of their own, with their own leadership and codes of behavior, instead of as just unrelated individual workers assigned to perform individual tasks?

a. Entropy b. Human-relations movement d. Systems approach

When Henry Mintzberg referred to the manager as the "nerve center" and the "focal point" in his or her organization, he was talking about the manager in

an informational role.

what did Karl Marx believe in?

communism and no free trade

The manager makes a decision about a course of action after analyzing several options. He or she is using

conceptual skills

The behavioral approach to management is most concerned with

understanding the importance of human needs, behavior, and attitudes in organizations.