Prob and Stats Vocabulary

Sample

A subgroup of the population

Cluster Sampling

Based on location and logistics

Qualitative Data

Categorical Data

Nominal Level of Measurement

Category, in-organizable

Self Selected

Chose to be in sample

Discrete Data

Countable

Systematic

Every kth person

Census

Every ten years, a total interrogation

Observational

Gathering information without changing things

Ratio Level of Measurement

Interval with a valued 0

Sampling error

Mistake with statistics due to sample

Non-sampling error

Mistake with statistics not due to sample

Confounding

More than one thing could have caused results

Random

Names in a hat, draw the sample from the hat

Quantitative Data

Numerical data

Parameter

Numerical measurement of a population

Statistic

Numerical measurement of a sample

Interval Level of Measurement

Ordered with differences counting

Ordinal Level of Measurement

Ranking, an order, differences don't matter

Continuous Data

Requires a tool to measure

Experimental

Something was done to the sample

Population

The entire group (all of the scores)

Stratified

Want separate groups: 100 males and 100 females

Convenience

Whoever's convenient to ask