Procedures III: Exam 2 - Digestive System-Esophagus/Stomach 2-5-18
The expanded portion of the terminal esophagus is called the:
cardiac antrum
The esophagus joints the stomach through an opening called the:
cardiac orifice
One of the most important technical considerations in gastrointestinal radiography is:
elimination of motion
What is the degree of body rotation for the PA oblique projection of the esophagus?
35 to 40 degrees
How much is the body rotated for the PA oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum?
40 to 70 degrees
What is the average degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum?
45 degrees
Food and fluid should be withheld for how many hours before a stomach examination?
8
What percentage of the population will have a combination of sthenic and hyposthenic body habitus?
85%
Which of the following best describes the administration of barium for an esophagram being performed for esophageal varices?
Exhale, swallow the barium, hold breath out
What is the respiration phase for all radiographic exposures of the stomach and intestines?
Expiration
For which type of body habitus is the stomach almost horizontal?
Hypersthenic
The degree of body rotation for the PA oblique projection of the stomach will depend on the body habitus. The greatest degree of rotation would be used for which body habitus?
Hypersthenic
The muscle controlling the opening between the stomach and duodenum is termed the:
pyloric sphincter
Which of the following are essential projections for an esophagus series?
1) AP or PA 2) Lateral 3) PA oblique
Which of the following are essential oblique projections of the stomach and duodenum?
1) AP projection, LPO 2) PA projection, RAO
Which of the following contrast medial are used for examinations of the gastrointestinal tract?
1) Air 2) Barium sulfate 3) Water-soluble iodinated solution
Which of the following are included as components of the alimentary canal?
1) Anus 2) Colon 3) Esophagus
Which of the following components of the alimentary canal?
1) Mouth and pharynx 2) Stomach and intestine
Which positions will best demonstrate the retrogastric portion of the duodenum and jejunum on an AP projection of the stomach?
1) Supine 2) Trendelenburg's
Which of he following can be used to record the fluoroscopic image?
1) TV 2) Cine 3) Video recorders
Which of the following are advantages of using the recumbent position for images of the esophagus?
1) Varices better filled 3) More complete contrast filling, especially proximal part
Functions of the stomach include:
1) storage of food 3) chemical breakdown of food
Which of the following are advantages of using the double-contrast technique for examination of the stomach?
2) Small lesions are not obscured 3) The mucosal lining of the stomach can be more clearly visualized
The routinely used methods of examining the stomach include _____________ contrast.
2) single 3) double
How much lower should the IR be positioned when the upright position is used for projections of the stomach?
3 to 6 inches
How long is the entire alimentary canal?
30 feet
The degree of body rotation for an AP oblique stomach radiographic images ranges from ____________ degrees.
30 to 60 degrees
Which of the following planes is centered to the grid for the PA oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum?
A longitudinal plane midway between the vertebrae and the lateral border of the elevated side
Which of the following planes is positioned to the center of the grid for the lateral projection of the stomach duodenum?
A plane passing midway between between the midcoronal plane and the anterior surface of the abdomen
A PA projection of the stomach and duodenum can be performed using a 10 x 12 inch (24 x 30 cm) IR. Which of the following describes the plane that is centered to the grid for this projection?
A sagittal plane passing halfway between the midline and the lateral border of the adbomen
For all projections of the stomach would a positioning sponge be used?
AP oblique
Which of the following projections will best demonstrates the fundus of the stomach?
AP oblique, LPO
Which projection of the stomach would best demonstrate a diaphragmatic herniation?
AP, Trendelenburg's position
For which type of body habitus is the stomach nearly vertical?
Asthenic
The stomach wall is composed of how many layers?
Four
The wall of the esophagus is composed of how many layers of tissue?
Four
Which drug may be given to a patient before a double-contrast examination of the stomach to relax the gastrointestinal tract?
Glucagon
At which level is the IR centered for a PA projection of the stomach and duodenum?
L1/L2
At which level is the IR centered for an AP or PA oblique and duodenum?
L1/L2
The spleen is located in the _____________ of the abdomen.
LUQ
Which projection of the stomach demonstrates its anterior and posterior surfaces?
Lateral
Which of the following planes is centered to the grid for the lateral projection of the esophagus?
Midcoronal plane
What is the recommended oblique projection and position for the best demonstration of the esophagus?
PA RAO
Which of the following will demonstrate the duodenal bulb and loop in profile?
PA oblique, RAO
What is the recommended general body position for a radiographic series of the esophagus?
Recumbent
A PA projection of the stomach and duodenum is often performed using a 14 x 17 inch (35 x 43 cm) IR. Which of the following describes the plane that is centered to the grid for this projection?
The midsagittal plane
The patient "prep" for a morning stomach examinations is food and fluid are withheld:
after midnight
The most common contrast medium used for radiologic examinations of the gastrointestinal tract is:
barium sulfate
The largest gland in the body is the:
liver
The opening between the stomach and the small intestine is termed the pyloric:
orifice
The folds of thick inner lining of the stomach are termed the:
rugae
The PA projection of the stomach best demonstrates the:
stomach contour and duodenal bulb
For all projections of the esophagus, the top of the IR is positioned at:
the level of the mouth
