Project Management

There are 4 people in the project team, and the project managers add 5 more team members. How many channels of communication are there now? -18 -40.5 -36 -9

36

A risk trigger is -An event that delays the project -An event that shortens the duration of the project -Same as a risk symptom -A warning sign

A warning sign

Project Quality Management includes: -Customer satisfaction -Prevention over inspection -Continuous improvement -All of the above

All of the above

The release criteria include: -The timing of the release of team members -The method in which you will release them -Both of the above are true -None

Both of the above are true

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding change log? -Change log is used to log only approved change requests -It is used to document changes that occur during a project -The changes along with their impact on cost, time, and risk are logged -Rejected change requests are also captured in the change log

Change log is used to log only approved change requests

Two project managers in your organization are debating over the definition of project stakeholders and are not able to agree on one answer. Since you are a senior project manager, they consulted you as an arbitrator. Which one of the following is unlikely to be a stakeholder? -CEO of your organization -Competitor -Society at large -Vendor

Competitor

You are working on a multiple performing organization joint venture project, where your contract calls for a separate quality management plan to be prepared as a contract deliverable. Your first step in developing this plan is to: -Define a quality management plan -Identify the quality standards to use on the project -Define quality tools to be used -Identify quality management best practices by benchmarking

Identify the quality standards to use on the project

The ability of stakeholders to influence the project is typically highest at the _________ stages. -Planning -Executing -Initial -Design

Initial

You are managing a construction project for a new city water system. The contract requires you to use special titanium piping equipment that is guaranteed not to corrode. The titanium pipe must be resting in the ground a total of 10 days before connectors can be installed. In this example, the 10-day period is defined as— -Lag -Lead -Float -Slack

Lag

In which type of organization do employees feel most stressed? -Projectized -Functional -Matrix -Both a and b

Matrix

Of the following, which one is not a typical activity of a project manager? -Controlling the project work -Scheduling Planning -Milestone completion -Risk Planning

Milestone completion

Which of the following is used to represent the reporting structure in the team? -Work Breakdown Structure -Organizational Breakdown Structure -Resource Breakdown Structure -Risk Breakdown Structure

Organizational Breakdown Structure

Which of the following exhibits the greatest resistance to change? -Business Requirements -Technology -People -Environment

People

In which of the following process groups, the Scope Management Plan is prepared? -Initiation -Planning -Executing -Monitoring & controlling

Planning

Which hierarchical chart shows resources? -RBS -OBS -WBS -Scope statement

RBS

Which of the following statements is false regarding Risk Management? -All identified risks are maintained in the Risk Register. -Risk prioritization occurs in Qualitative Risk Analysis. -Risk prioritization occurs in Quantitative Risk Analysis. -Low-priority risks are maintained in a Watch List.

Risk prioritization occurs in Quantitative Risk Analysis.

Decomposition is best described as: -Creating control accounts -Creating work packages -Breaking down deliverables into smaller work packages so that they can be better planned -Planning and scheduling of work packages

Breaking down deliverables into smaller work packages so that they can be better planned

In which process is meeting" not used as a Tool and Technique?" -Identify Stakeholders -Plan Stakeholder Engagement -Conduct Procurement -Monitor Stakeholder Engagement

Conduct Procurement

Scope Baseline is an output of. -Plan scope management -Create WBS -Define scope -Plan resource management

Create WBS

After the project schedule is created, a project manager should use schedule control for all of the following except: -Influencing the factors that create schedule changes -Determining that the project schedule has changed -Determining the planned start and finish dates for project activities -Managing actual schedule changes as they occur

Determining the planned start and finish dates for project activities

Which of the following determines if a project idea is realistic? -Matrix study -Demand study -Case project study -Feasibility study

Feasibility study

The purpose of a quality audit is to: -Identify inefficient and ineffective policies -Identify project quality for customer -Study organizational behavior -Prepare a report for the quality team

Identify inefficient and ineffective policies

Misaki is the project manager of the Hoag's Project. Her organization is a classic functional environment. Her level of authority as a project manager can be best described as which of the following? -Low -Moderate -Balanced -High

Low

All of the following are Estimate Costs tools except: -Make - or - Buy analysis -Analogous estimating -Bottom-up estimating -Parametric estimating

Make - or - Buy analysis

The purpose of a contract is to distribute between the buyer and seller a reasonable amount of which of the following: -Responsibility -Risk -Reward -Accountability

Risk

The customers of the project have requested additions to the project scope. The project manager brings to notice that additional risk planning will need to be added to the project schedule. Why? -The risk planning should always be given the same amount of time as other activities in the project. -Risk planning should always occur whenever the scope is modified. -Project Managers are authorized by the Project Sponsor to do Risk planning. -The project manager is wrong; risk planning does not need to happen at every change in the project

Risk planning should always occur whenever the scope is modified.

Which of the following is not an input to the Sequence Activities? -Milestone list -Scope baseline -Schedule baseline -Assumption log

Schedule baseline

Which of the following tools and techniques are not used in the Sequence Activities? -Precedence diagramming method (PDM) -Dependency determination -Schedule network analysis -Leads and lags

Schedule network analysis

The three basic elements needed for communication in project management are -Words, sentences, paragraphs -Proper grammar, spelling, ideas -Verbal, nonverbal, action -Sender, receiver, message

Sender, receiver, message

A tool and technique of the Control Quality is -Statistical sampling -Motivation -Variance analysis -Make or buy analysis

Statistical sampling

You are the project manager for the MARIE Project. You and your project team are about to enter into the activity duration estimating process. Which of the following will not be helpful in your meeting? -Constraints -Assumptions -The project charter -Resource Estimates

The project charter

In the communication model between a sender and receiver, all the following statements are correct EXCEPT: -Noise should be minimized -The receiver should decode and reply to the message -The receiver should acknowledge and agree with the message sent by the sender -The feedback message from Receiver can have noise

The receiver should acknowledge and agree with the message sent by the sender

In which of the following situations is network diagram better than bar chart? -To show interdependencies between activities -To analyze schedule progress -To analyze WBS -To analyze project plan

To show interdependencies between activities

The Close Project or Phase includes which of the following tool and technique -Make or buy analysis -Trend analysis -Earned value analysis -Alternatives analysis

Trend analysis

A project is contracted on a Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee (CPFF) basis with a fixed fee of US $5,000. The estimated cost is $50,000. If the project comes in at $60,000 with some changes in project scope, what would be the total cost of the contract? -US $50,000 -US $55,000 -US $60,000 -US $65,000

US $65,000

Which hierarchical chart shows all the tasks in a list? -RBS -OBS -WBS -Scope statement

WBS

The tools and techniques used in Plan Quality Management are: -Benchmarking -Bottom-up estimating -Development approach -Test and evaluation documents

Benchmarking

You are in the process of identifying and documenting project risks. You are using various information-gathering techniques to identify project risks. All of the following are data gathering techniques EXCEPT: -Diagramming techniques -Checklists -Brainstorming -Interviewing

Diagramming techniques

Which of the following techniques of conflict resolution allows the project manager to dictate members, but seldom resolves the conflict? -Problem-solving -Collaboration -Forcing -Smoothing

Forcing

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a project? -Constrained by limited resources -Planned, executed, and controlled -Creates a unique product or service -Ongoing and repetitive

Ongoing and repetitive

Which risk analysis process provides risk ranking to the project manager? -Identify Risks -Perform Qualitative Risk analysis -Plan risk responses -Implement risk responses

Perform Qualitative Risk analysis

Which of the following is not a technique for Data Gathering in the Control Quality? -Checklists -Statistical sampling -Check sheets -Performance reviews

Performance reviews

Which of the following is an input to Develop Project Management Plan? -Organizational policies -Project charter -Change management process -Development approach

Project charter

The amount of time that an activity may be delayed from its early start without delaying the project finish date, is commonly known as -Lag -Interfering Float -Total float -Free Float

Total float

An input to the Close Project or Phase is -Deliverables -Accepted deliverables -Verified deliverables -Project Schedule

Accepted deliverables

You are the project manager for the KLN Project. You had 19 stakeholders on this project. You have added three team members to the project. How many more communication channels do you have now than before? 171 231 60 1

60

You are the project manager of a project which involves off-shore oil exploration. Since you cannot plan for all eventualities, you establish a contingency reserve, including amounts of time, money, or resources to handle the risks. This is an example of: -Risk avoidance -Risk transfer -Active risk acceptance -Improper risk planning since all risks should be identified and accounted for

Active risk acceptance

Management had decided to crash a project in order to avoid penalty payments for late deliveries. The additional cost is expected. To crash the project either overtime or additional resources should be assigned to: -All activities. -Activities with the longest time duration. -Activities on the critical path beginning with the longest time duration activities. -Activities with the greatest degree of risk.

Activities on the critical path beginning with the longest time duration activities.

Top-down estimating is also called _______ estimating. -Analogous -Primary -Organizational -Simple

Analogous

Which of the following is an output to Perform Integrated Change Control? -Changelog -Change requests -Assumption log -Scope definition

Changelog

Of the following, which one is not an example of formal communications? -Presentations to a customer organization -Emails -Stakeholder briefings -Presentations to management

Emails

You are a project manager for a project. While reviewing the cost estimates for the project, you notice that one of the cost estimates for an element in the WBS is 20% higher than the previous project for a very similar work. What should you do next? -Accept the estimate -Ask the person responsible about the difference -Ignore it -Reduce the estimate

Ask the person responsible about the difference

Which of the following is not an input to the Control Costs? -Scope baseline -Cost baseline -Work performance data -Change requests

Change requests

You head the engineering department in your company. Lately, you have observed that certain deliveries are missing the schedule. On closer scrutiny, you observe this to be occurring with a specific team member. You decide to discuss it out with the team member. Initially, the team member is reluctant to discuss but finally opens up and indicates that the cause of the delays is often different instructions coming in from you as well as the project manager. She indicates that at such times she is confused related to whose instructions to follow, thereby causing delays. What kind of an Organizational structure is this most likely to be? -Functional -Projectized -Weak Matrix -Balanced Matrix

Balanced Matrix

The outputs of Control Scope are: -Decision making and Inspection -Change requests, Project document updates, and Work performance information -Scope baseline, Requirement documentation, and Lessons learned -Scope baseline, Product documentation, and Corrective action

Change requests, Project document updates, and Work performance information

Midway through the project, as a Manager, you are performing Earned Value Methodology to report performance. Based on your calculations, you realize that the initial plan is no longer valid. However, you still need to provide an EAC. What is the best course of action? -Calculate EAC as EAC = BAC / CPI -Calculate EAC as EAC = AC + BAC - EV -Calculate EAC as EAC = AC + (BAC - EV/(CPI * SPI ) -Calculate EAC as EAC = AC + Bottom-up Estimate

Calculate EAC as EAC = AC + Bottom-up Estimate

Which of the following is not an entity in the sender-receiver model? -Noise -Feedback -Communicate -Sender

Communicate

To decrease the total project duration for the least INCREMENTAL cost is called: -Crashing. -PERT. -Forward and backward pass to determine the critical path. -Fast Tracking.

Crashing.

s a manager in an organization that believes in the Theory X style of management, which of the following do you think describes correctly the assumptions of this theory? -Employees are inherently lazy, dislike work, and will avoid work if they can -Employees are motivated and enjoy doing their work -Employees want to do well at work -Employees are trustworthy and are motivated by doing a good job

Employees are inherently lazy, dislike work, and will avoid work if they can

Choose the true statement regarding Management Reserves and Contingency Reserves -Management reserves are part of Cost Baseline, but Contingency reserves are not -Contingency Reserves are for unknown unknowns -Management Reserves are for known unknowns -None of the above

None of the above

A process with lack of consistency and predictability is called: -In control -Out of control -Bad quality -Quality noise

Out of control

Which of the following uses a weighted average duration estimate to calculate duration? -PERT -CPM -GERT -Pareto chart

PERT

An output of the Define Scope is: -Work breakdown structure -Project scope statement -Scope management plan -All of the above

Project scope statement

The major output of the Define Scope is: -Hierarchically structured WBS. -Flat Activity List. -Project scope statement. -Project charter.

Project scope statement.

Tools and techniques for Control Scope -Variance analysis -Cost analysis -Earned value analysis -None of the above

Variance analysis

Tools and techniques used during the Plan Quality Management include: -Benchmarking -Cost-benefit analysis -Multi-criteria decision analysis -All of the above

All of the above

We can shorten the total duration of the project by -Doing activities in parallel. -Having project resources work overtime -Reducing the project scope -All of the above

All of the above

What is the role of the Project Manager in Procurement? -Ensure contract contains all the project management requirements such as status reporting , meeting attendance, and communication needs -Ensure contract is satisfying the needs of the project -Control changes to the contract -All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following are the outputs of Control Scope? -Change Requests -Work performance information -Scope baseline updates -All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following is an example of noise? -An email that's sent to the wrong person -A project manager who doesn't notice an important clause in a contract -When the team is not paying attention during a status meeting -All of the above

All of the above

You are the project manager for a large Project. You are currently busy with approximating the number of work periods required to complete individual activities with estimated resources. Which of the following inputs do you need for this? -Activity List -Resource requirements -Resource Breakdown structure -All of the above

All of the above

All the following statements about a project life cycle are correct EXCEPT: -All project life cycles are usually identical. -The level of risk is highest at the start of the project and decreases as the project progresses. -The ability of the stakeholders to influence the final characteristics is highest at the start and gets progressively lower as the project continues. -Cost and staffing requirements usually peak during the intermediate phases.

All project life cycles are usually identical.

You are in charge of building a shopping portal. You are fairly confident as you have a team experienced in doing such work. As per the agreement at the end of the first month, you organize a demonstration of the software. You invite the sponsor and key stakeholders. Later, the sponsor informs you that she is not very happy with the progress, indicating that one of the clients who would be using this software is not satisfied as her needs are not being met. Satisfying this client's needs would mean some radical changes with an impact on both cost and schedule. What could be the root cause of this issue? -Deliverables were not as per requirement -The stakeholder is making unrealistic demands -The scope statement was ambiguous -All the stakeholders were not identified

All the stakeholders were not identified

You are the project manager for OOK Project. You will be hosting project meetings every week. Of the following, which one is not a valid rule for project meetings? -Schedule recurring meetings as soon as possible -Allow project meetings to last as long as needed -Distribute meeting agendas prior to the meeting start. -Allow the project team to have input to the agenda

Allow project meetings to last as long as needed

During the planning phase of your project, your project team has discovered another method to complete a portion of the project scope. This method is safer for the project team but may cost more for the customer. This is an example of: -Risk assessment -Alternative analysis -Alternative selection -Product analysis

Alternative analysis

A project with high risk and high reward is most likely to be accepted in which of the following? -An entrepreneurial company -A heavily regulated company -A non-profit organization -A community

An entrepreneurial company

Rather than use a WBS as you suggested, your team used a statement of work to define the projects work component. A review of this document by the client uncovered that a change of scope was needed and a change request was subsequently written. This is an example of a change request which was the result of - -An external event -An error in defining the product scope -A value-adding change -An error in defining the project scope

An error in defining the project scope

Which cost estimating technique costs the least and saves the most time? -Parametric estimating -Bottom-up estimating -Analogous estimating -Three-point estimates

Analogous estimating

You are in the process of making cost estimates for a project. However, detailed requirements are not yet available. A similar project was executed by your company, and you decide to use the past project's historical data to come up with your estimates. This is called: -Analogous estimating -Parametric estimating -Bottom-up estimating -Three point estimating

Analogous estimating

Your boss has asked you for a cost estimate for the project, but the project is in the initial stage and there is very little project information available. In this circumstance, what is the BEST way to estimate the project? -Analogous estimating -Ask the team for estimates of each task -Define the complete WBS -Calculate an estimate using a computer based model

Analogous estimating

_____________ is an Estimate Costs technique. -Analogous estimating -Financing -Costs aggregation -Historical information review

Analogous estimating

Paul is given a project charter and is assigned to be the project manager. He is ready to begin progressive elaboration of the scope related documents. Which of the following tools and techniques is not appropriate for him to use at this time? -Alternatives analysis -Analogous estimation -Decomposition -Product Analysis

Analogous estimation

Which of the following describes SWOT? -Analysis of strengths, weakness, options, and timing -Analysis of strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats -An elite project team that comes in and fixes project risks and threats -Ratings of 1 to 100

Analysis of strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats

Which of the following describes SWOT? -Analysis of strengths, weakness, options, and timing -Analysis of strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats -An elite project team that comes in and fixes project risks and threats -Ratings risks from 1 to 100

Analysis of strengths, weakness, opportunities, and threats

Jennifer has recently been asked to manage an office refurbishment project. She finds out that the Chief Financial Officer of the company is resisting the project. The Chief Financial Officer is a key project stakeholder. What must Jennifer do first? -Seek support from the project sponsor to force project decisions. -Analyze options that might change or influence the Chief -Financial Officer's perception. -Seek expert judgment from the project initiator. -Conduct a team meeting to discuss this issue

Analyze options that might change or influence the Chief -Financial Officer's perception.

As part of the risk management process, you have just created an overall risk ranking of the project and a list of prioritized identified risks which need additional analysis and determining trends in risk analysis results. What should you do next? -Analyze the effect of identified risks on overall project objectives -Create a list of identified risks -Maintain a risk register -Make a list of potential responses to the risks

Analyze the effect of identified risks on overall project objectives

You are managing a project which involves building software for the aeronautical domain. The nature of the work is complex and needs a lot of research. During Quality assurance, both the development team and testing team suggest that the quality assurance process be changed to include White Box testing and not just rely on Black Box testing. The teams want to make this shift in approach as they believe this would lead to better quality of deliverables. What is the best course of action? -As the changes will help improve quality, execute white box testing -Create a change request -Refuse to adopt this change as this would mean a change in the agreed process -Analyze the impact of the change on scope, schedule, and cost, and then write up a Change Request

Analyze the impact of the change on scope, schedule, and cost, and then write up a Change Request

Early termination of a contract is a special case of contract closure. This can happen because of: -The default of the buyer -The default of the seller -Mutual agreement of the parties -Any of the above reasons

Any of the above reasons

The Scope Baseline consists of _____. -Approved Project Scope Statement, WBS, WBS Dictionary -Preliminary Project Scope Statement, Approved Project Scope Statement, WBS, WBS Dictionary -Scope Management Plan, WBS, WBS Dictionary -Scope Management Plan, Approved Project Scope Statement, WBS Dictionary

Approved Project Scope Statement, WBS, WBS Dictionary

Which one of the following is the last step of project closing? -The client has accepted the product -Archives are complete -The client appreciates your product -Lessons learned are documented

Archives are complete

Which one of the following is the last step of project closing? -Client has accepted the product -Archives are completed -The client appreciates your product -Lessons learned are documented

Archives are completed

Yolanda has outsourced a portion of the project to a seller. The seller has discovered some risks that will impact the cost and schedule of their portion of the project. How must the seller update the agreement? -As a new contract signed by Yolanda and the seller. -As a contract addendum signed by Yolanda and the seller. -As a memo and SOW signed by Yolanda and the seller. -Project Management contracts have no clauses that allow sellers to adjust their work according to unknowns.

As a contract addendum signed by Yolanda and the seller.

You are managing a project that your company won after making a bid. The clients have negotiated long and hard and have driven a hard bargain. The project is scheduled to span over eight months, and you are in your fifth month of execution. You are extremely worried since you have about four more months of work remaining and the project is at the Point of total assumption." What does this mean?" -As a seller, you are running behind schedule -As a seller, you are ahead of schedule -The project is going to have a cost overrun which will need to be negotiated with the client -As a seller, all subsequent costs will have to be borne by you

As a seller, all subsequent costs will have to be borne by you

You are in charge of a project that is running behind schedule. Your lead architect approaches you and indicates that should introduce a change so that the project could possibly catch up on lost time. What should be the first thing you should do? -It's a great suggestion that can bring the project back on schedule, so go ahead and implement change. -Ascertain the impact of the change on your cost and scope, and then write a change request and get a formal approval -Write a change request, and get a formal approval before making any changes -Flatly refuse to make any changes

Ascertain the impact of the change on your cost and scope, and then write a change request and get a formal approval

You are managing a project which is facing some minor delays in the submission of a few project deliverables. You have been asked to a meeting with the team members in charge of the delayed deliverables. Which one of the following tools do you think is the best to be used during the meeting to show the project schedule status to the responsible team members? -Milestone chart -Bar Chart -Project Network Diagram -Responsibility Assignment Matrix

Bar Chart

As a senior member in the executive management team, you have tasked project managers within your team to provide cost estimates for a huge project. You easily foresee the cost estimate of the project to run into millions of dollars. Along with the cost estimate, you are also expecting the Basis of estimates. What would you expect to be included in the documentation for Basis of estimates? -Basis of estimate, assumptions, known constraints, range of estimate, confidence level -Cost at unit level and confidence level -WBS -None of the above

Basis of estimate, assumptions, known constraints, range of estimate, confidence level

Which of the following estimates requires historical information? -Analogous estimation -Parametric estimation -Expert Judgement -Both A & B

Both A & B

Which of the following tools and techniques are used in the Define Scope Process? -Multi-criteria decision analysis -Product analysis -Earned value analysis -Both A & B

Both A & B

Which of the following are outputs of the Validate Scope? -Accepted deliverables -Work performance information -Assumption log -Both A&B

Both A&B

An output of the Control Scope process is: -Scope statement -Lessons learned register -Schedule baseline updates -Both B & C

Both B & C

You have just completed developing the Schedule Network Diagram for a project that deals with building supersonic state-of-the-art Jet planes. You have identified your critical path which includes building a wind tunnel. You see that in addition there is another path which deals with building the tail of the plane, whose duration is close to the critical path. You also notice considerable floats on the other paths. You now need to assign resources to the tasks. You have a few team members who are highly skilled and a team of resources who are relatively inexperienced. What would be the best course of action while assigning resources? -It is irrelevant which resources are assigned to tasks; resource skills and critical paths have nothing in common -Assign all the skilled resources to building the wind tunnel which is the critical path; assign the inexperienced resources to building the tail. -Assign the inexperienced staff to the task of building the wind tunnel; assign the skilled resources to all other tasks. -Assign one half of the skilled resources to the task of building the wind tunnel and the other half to building the tail, and assign the less experienced staff to all the other tasks.

Assign one half of the skilled resources to the task of building the wind tunnel and the other half to building the tail, and assign the less experienced staff to all the other tasks.

Complete this statement: Projects fail ____________________. -At the beginning, not the end -During Initiating & planning -Because of the poor domain knowledge of project manager -Because of change requests

At the beginning, not the end

In your Communications Management Plan, you have detailed administrative closure. At what point will administrative closure take place? -When the project is archived -At the completion of each phase -Only when the project is complete or cancelled -As management sees fit

At the completion of each phase

When does Scope Verification occur? -At the end of the project -At the beginning of the project -At the end of each phase of the project -During Quality Control

At the end of each phase of the project

Perform qualitative risk analysis requires accurate data as its input. Risk Data Quality Assessment is a technique to evaluate the degree to which the data regarding risks would be useful. What is the best course of action if the Risk Data Quality Assessment for most of the identified risks are low? -Attempt to gather more accurate data -Re-evaluate the risk data quality assessment -Develop a probability-impact matrix to compensate for the low rankings -No further actions are needed, since a low Risk Data Quality Assessment is ideal

Attempt to gather more accurate data

Which of the following statements best describes attribute sampling versus variable sampling? -Attribute sampling is concerned with the prevention, whereas variable sampling is concerned with the inspection. -Attribute sampling is concerned with conformance, whereas variable sampling is concerned with the degree of conformance. -Attribute sampling is concerned with special causes, whereas variable sampling is concerned with the degree of any causes -Both are the same concept.

Attribute sampling is concerned with conformance, whereas variable sampling is concerned with the degree of conformance.

You are managing a project responsible for doing plantation on a large reserve land. You have created the schedule network diagram and have identified two paths. Path 1 consists of two activities of a duration of 2 and 5 weeks, respectively. Path 2 consists of 3 activities with durations of 1, 3, and 3 weeks, respectively. Which of the two paths is the Critical Path? -Path 1 -Path 2 -Neither -Both Paths 1 and 2 are Critical Paths

Both Paths 1 and 2 are Critical Paths

Which of the following statement is true about Project and Operations? -Projects are necessarily short time frame while operations are ongoing -Projects can be done by a small or large team but Operations definitely require a large team -Both Projects and Operations are progressively elaborated -Both Project and Operations are Planned, Executed and Monitored & Controlled.

Both Project and Operations are Planned, Executed and Monitored & Controlled.

Ralph is a quality control reviewer for all projects at a large clothing manufacturer. He has reviewed Sally's project and feels that the cost accuracy and duration estimates need to be improved and that the project's projected end date is too far into the year. What should Sally do first? -Re-interview the subject matter experts (SMEs) and ask for better estimates. -Reexamine the WBS to see if it can be further decomposed, to allow for better estimating on cost and duration. -Tell Ralph the estimates are sufficient. He is a quality control guy and has no real understanding of her project. -Both a & b

Both a & b

Which of the following estimates requires historical information -Analogous estimation -Parametric estimation -Expert Judgment -Both option A & option B

Both option A & option B

An estimate is required for a new project of an R&D nature, and it has been decided to create the estimates using WBS with an emphasis on accuracy of the estimates. Your project manager also indicates that sufficient time is being made available to provide the estimates. What would be the best estimation approach in this case? -Parametric Estimation approach -Analogous Estimation approach -Top-down Approach -Bottom-up Approach

Bottom-up Approach

Which estimating method tends to be MOST costly for creating a project cost estimate? -Bottom-up estimating -Analogous estimating -Parametric estimating -Top-down estimating

Bottom-up estimating

You are the project manager for the JKL Project. This project has over 45 key stakeholders and will span across the globe in implementation. Management has deemed the project's completion should not cost more than $34 million. Because of the global concerns, the final budget must be in U.S. dollars. This is an example of which of the following? Internationalization Budget constraint Management constraint Hard logic

Budget constraint

You are the project manager of a Technology Project. This project has over 45 key stakeholders and will span the globe in implementation. Because of the global concerns, the final budget must be in U.S. dollars. Management has instructed you that the project's completion should not cost more than $34 million. This is an example of which of the following? -Internationalization -Budget constraint -Management constraint -Hard logic

Budget constraint

You are in the process of creating a risk management plan for your project. This plan will describe how risk management will be structured and performed on the project. Your risk management plan may include: -Avoided, transferred, mitigated, and accepted risks -Risk audits, reserve analysis, and technical performance measurement -Risk audits, triggers, and inputs to other processes -Budgeting, timing, and risk categories

Budgeting, timing, and risk categories

As the project manager you are in the planning process group of your project. You know that planning is an ongoing task throughout the project life. Currently you have started the Estimate Costs process. Which one of the following is not needed in order to come up with cost estimates? -Project WBS -Risk register -Business Documents -An activity network diagram

Business Documents

As a manager on a project, you have to ensure that the project delivers within the scheduled timelines with minimal rework and customer delight. For some time now, the project work is proceeding smoothly with a CPI and SPI a perfect 1. One of your team members approaches you and indicates the possible need of a long vacation on personal grounds, and this could possibly occur two months from now. You look up the schedule and finds that this team member is scheduled to execute activities that are on the critical path and the team member's absence in two months' time would cause a delay in schedule. You decide to take some action and reschedule task allocation to ensure that this team member is not planned to work on any of the critical path activities. What did you just do? -Mitigate the risk -Avoid the risk -Transfer the risk -Exploit the risk

Avoid the risk

n your project, there have been several changes in the cost and schedule estimates, and the original estimating assumptions are no longer valid. Calculate the expected cost for completion (EAC) for your project based on the following data? BAC = $ 300,000; AC = $ 100,000; EV = $ 150,000; CPI = 1.2; ETC (bottom-up) = $ 120,000 $ 250,000 $ 220,000 $ 280,000 $ 300,000

$ 220,000

In your project, you have reasons to believe that the current variances occurred because of extraneous factors, and you do not expect similar variances to occur in future. What should be the estimate at completion (EAC) for your project? BAC = $ 300,000 AC = $ 100,000 EV = $ 150,000 CPI = $ 1.5 $ 250,000 $ 220,000 $ 280,000 $ 200,000

$ 250,000

In your project, probabilities are estimated and the alternatives are expected to be as follows: 25% probability for $ 25,000 profit 50% probability for $ 40,000 profit 25% probability for $ 100,000 profit What is the expected profit in your project? $ 40,000 $ 50,000 $ 51,250 $ 53,750

$ 51,250

You're managing a project with a total budget of $1,000,000 and your project is expected to last for one year, with the work and budget spread evenly across all months. The project is now in the fifth month, the work is on schedule, and you have already spent $480,000 of the project budget. What is the Cost Variance in this case? -$20,000 -$20,000 $63,333 -$63,333

$-63,333

You are in the process of making a cost estimate for a large prestigious project. You decide to use the Three Point Estimation technique with Triangular Distribution. Based on your analysis and understanding, you are confident that the project would be completed with a total cost of $108,000. You also estimate that a best-case estimate would be $90000, while a worst-case scenario would result in the costs incurred to shoot up to $138000. What would the Three point Cost estimate be using Triangular Distribution? -$112000 -$110000 -$28000 -None of the above

$112000

You are managing an IT project and currently you are involved in the process of activity cost estimation. The software testing activity will cost you $150 with the probability of 30%, $170 with the probability of 50%, and $220 with the probability of 20%. What is the Expected Monetary Value of the activity cost? $220 $174 $180 $181

$174

At XYZ Inc., the hourly wage for semi-skilled workers is $14.00. The annual audit shows that fringe benefits cost 30% of basic wages, and that overhead costs are 60% of wages plus fringe benefits. What is the loaded hourly wage for a semi-skilled worker at XYZ Inc.? $22.40. $26.60. $29.12. $30.33.

$29.12.

A company is considering two projects, Alpha and Beta. Project Alpha is expected to result in a $50 million net profit, while project Beta is expected to net $45 million. Both projects could be very lucrative and rewarding. However, the financial controller has stated that the company can only invest in one of these projects. If project Alpha is selected, what is the opportunity cost? $95 million $50 million $45 million $5 million

$45 million

Given a project which reports a CPI less than 1, you have asked one of your managers to generate the TCPI. Which formula should the project manager use in this case? ( BAC - EV ) / ( BAC - AC ) ( BAC - EV ) / ( EAC - AC ) EV / AC EV / PV

( BAC - EV ) / ( EAC - AC )

Transferring risk can be accomplished by -Buying insurance to cover a potential risk. -Adding a fixed per cent to all work packages on the path where the risk event may occur. -Hiring a contractor. -(A) and (C)

(A) and (C)

Your project has a budget of $1,000,000 and is expected to last for one year. The work and budget is spread evenly across all months. Right now the CPI is 0.8. What is the Variance at Completion in this case? -$250,000 $250,000 -$200,000 $200,000

-$250,000

You are managing an IT project and until today you have actually completed $470,000 of work, but based on the cost plan, it should be $560,000. What is the schedule variance (SV) percentage at this point in time? 16% -16% -19% 19%

-16%

You are the project manager for a project to install 10 workstation cubicles in the office of Kamboobra in Zonanoora Islands. Cost to build each cubicle has been budgeted at 60,000 units of local currency and the project duration is 10 months. Each cubicle was planned to take equal time to build. The network diagram shows each cubicle as an activity with finish-to-start relationships. After 3 months, you find that three cubicles are completed, while 180,000 units of the local currency are spent. What is the Cost Variance? 0 units +20,000 units -20,000 units 1

0 units

he probability that one risk will occur is 0.20, and the probability that the second risk will occur is 0.15. If these are unrelated events, what is the probability that both will occur? 0.03 0.2 0.3 0.35

0.03

Your project has a budget at completion (BAC) of $75,000, and you need to figure out if you're on track to meet it. You know that you've already spent $56,000, and you're 70% done with the project. If your project continues expenditures at the current rate, what's the lowest that you can allow your cost efficiency to go before you will exceed your project's budget? 0.94 1.18 1.43 It cannot be determined

1.18

An activity has an Early Start (ES) of 5 days and Late Start (LS) of 16 days. What is the activity's float? 11 days 21 days 5 days 16 days

11 days

Your project will most likely be completed in 10 weeks. At the worst, the project will require 19 weeks, and if everything goes well, the project will be completed in 7 weeks. What is the PERT estimate for the project? -10 weeks -11 weeks -9 weeks -Cannot be determined with the information provided

11 weeks

Rather than using Triangular Distribution while doing Three Point Estimation, you choose to use Beta Distribution. Based on your analysis and understanding, you are confident that the project would be completed with a total cost of $108,000. You also estimate that a best case would be $90000, while a worst-case scenario would result in the costs incurred to shoot up to $138000. What would the Three Point Cost estimate be when using Beta Distribution? 112000 110000 101000 None of the above

110000

You are managing a project, and based on risk identification, you feel very confident that the project should run smoothly. The next day the lead architect indicates a risk which was not envisioned. He indicates a 10% possibility of the risk occurring and the effort involved in choosing an alternate path worth 2000 USD. The side effect of alternate path implementation is that a lot of testing efforts would get reduced worth 4500 USD and the possibility being 30%. What would be the EMV? ($200) 1350 1150 1550

1150

Your project has a total budget of $300,000. You check your records and find that you've spent $175,000 so far. The team has completed 40% of the project work, but when you check the schedule it says that they should have completed 50% of the work. What is Earned Value for the project? 150 120 175 125

120

You have a team of project managers reporting to you. Recently a new manager who is relatively inexperienced has joined your team. Considering his level of experience, you assign him to a small project. Considering low complexity and few stakeholders involved, you envision the project to have no surprises or hiccups. You have identified the number of communication channels to be only 6. However, with increase in scope of work, two additional stakeholders who need to be communicated with join the team. You ask the manager to identify the number of communication channels now. The correct answer is: 6 10 8 15

15

You are the project manager for the PMU Project. Your project has 13 members. You have been informed that next week your project will receive the seven additional members you requested. How many channels of communications will you have next week? 1 78 190 201

190

You are in charge of a software project, and you are almost 40% complete. The project stakeholders want a performance report till date. You had planned to use Earned Value Management methodology. You come up with the following numbers: EV = 300 AC = 100 PV = 150 BAC = 600 ETC 300. You and your team are very confident of continuing at the same rate as till now. The project has not faced any major issues and you and your team's confidence level is high that the project would complete without any hiccups. Based on this information, what would be the EAC for the project? 400 200 400 106

200

You are the project manager responsible for constructing a new sports arena for the upcoming Olympics. Construction begins on a project over a year ago. The stakeholders of the project want a status report on the performance of the project to date. You've obtained the following measurements: BAC=500, PV=500, AC=200, EV=300, CPI=1.5 You believe the type of variances that have occurred on the project to date is typical i.e. expect these variances to continue throughout the project. Based on the information above, what is the ETC for the project? 222 250 133.33 333.33

222

You have five people working on your team, a sponsor within your company, and a client, all of whom need to be kept informed of your project's progress. How many channels of communication are there? 28 21 3 15

28

It is of utmost importance to determine the information and communication needs of the stakeholders. You currently have 8 stakeholders in your project. Two new team members are expected to join you. How many communication channels you have to manage, now? 8 10 18 45

45

You are the project manager for the JGI Project. You have 32 stakeholders on this project. How many communications channels do you have? Depends on the number of project team members. 496 32 1

496

You are the project manager for the POLE Project. This project will use PERT to calculate the estimates for activity duration. For activity D, you have the following information: P=9, O=4, M=5. What is the result of PERT? 18 weeks 5.5 weeks 33.33 days 3 weeks

5.5 weeks

You are in charge of a project that deals with laying out a lavish 18-hole golf course. The project work is in progress. You also have a number of contractors working on the project. Being an experienced manager you know that communication is key to success of the project. You have identified 10 stakeholders with whom you need to communicate. Due to some internal and external organizational changes at the client's end, three new stakeholders have been added with whom you need to communicate. You also had to reduce one of the contractors with whom you were communicating. How many communication channels do you have now? 45 78 91 66

66

You are the project manager for a construction company. Your firm has been contracted to complete the construction of a 10-story office building. This project will use three-point estimates to calculate the estimates for activity duration. You have the following estimates for task A (creating the foundation). What is the average duration estimate based on the following three-point estimates based on the triangular distribution? Pessimistic= 100 days Optimistic= 40 days Most likely=65 days 65 12.3 248.6 68.33 151.4

68.33

You are the project manager for the Cartwheel Project. This project will use PERT to calculate the estimates for activity duration. For activity D, you have the following estimate is weeks: Pessimistic estimate =12, Optimistic =4, Most likely =7. What should be PERT estimate? 18 weeks 7.3 weeks 33.33 days 6 weeks

7.3 weeks

You have eight people in your project, and one more person will be joining next week. Once the new person joins, the number of communication channels will increase by: 0 8 12 20

8

You are in charge of a software project and you are almost 40% complete. The project stakeholders want a performance report to date. You had planned to use Earned Value Management methodology. You come up with the following numbers: EV = 100 AC = 300 PV = 150 BAC = 600. You and your team have faced numerous issues till now. However, you choose to ignore the current work performance and decide to go with what was originally planned. Based on this information, what would be the EAC for the project? 800 200 600 1800

800

Your friend, Joe, who works as a project manager in a pharmaceutical company meets you over dinner. You see a drastic change in his temperament compared with when you last met him. He seems dejected and complains that in his present organization, as a project manager, he has almost no authority and hardly any decision-making ability. Which kind of organizational structure does your friend work in? -A Product organization -A Functional Organizational Structure -A Strong Matrix Organizational Structure -A Projectized Organizational Structure

A Functional Organizational Structure

Management has requested that you create a chart depicting all of the project resources and the associated assignments. Management is looking for which type of chart? -A resource-based flow chart -A Responsibility Assignment Matrix -A milestone chart -A Gantt chart

A Responsibility Assignment Matrix

Which of the following is not true about Scope Management? -Product Scope and Project Scope are the same -Work Package is the lowest level of WBS -Activity is the lowest level of WBS -A and C

A and C

You are the project manager for the JHG Project. Your project is to create a new product for your industry. You have recently learned your competitor is also working on a similar project but their offering will include a computer-aided program and web-based tools, which the project does not offer. You have implemented a change request to update your project. This is an example of which of the following? A change due to an error and omission in the initiation phase A change due to an external event A change due to an error or omission in the planning phase A change due to a legal issue

A change due to an external event

ou are the project manager and decided to outsource a part of the project to a vendor. The vendor discovered some issues that impact the cost and schedule of its work. How does the vendor update the agreement? -A new contract needs to be signed by your company and the vendor -A contract addendum needs to be signed by your company and the vendor -An SOW needs to be signed by you and the vendor -None of the above

A contract addendum needs to be signed by your company and the vendor

In your construction project, the CPI is 1.30 and SPI is 0.85. What could be the possible reason? -A critical resource went on sick leave for a long period of time, which had not been anticipated earlier -The cost of raw materials required for construction increased by 10% -You had not taken into account the inflation rate -There was four days waiting time in the curing of concrete, and work could not be done during that time

A critical resource went on sick leave for a long period of time, which had not been anticipated earlier

The Project Management Book of Knowledge (PMBOK) is an internationally known reference guide for project managers. How does the PMBOK define the work breakdown structure (WBS)? -A formal, approved document used to guide both project execution and project control. -A document that obligates the seller to provide the specified product and for the buyer to pay for it. -A document that defines the sum of the products and services to be provided through the project, which is utilized for making future project decisions. -A deliverable-oriented grouping of project elements that organizes and defines the total work scope of the project. Each descending level represents an increasingly detailed definition of the project work.

A deliverable-oriented grouping of project elements that organizes and defines the total work scope of the project. Each descending level represents an increasingly detailed definition of the project work.

You are in charge of a painting project for a high-rise building. As part of the planning, you need to take a decision of buy vs. lease some stilt ladders needed on site. The cost of the ladder is $1000 and a daily cost of $4, while the daily lease cost is $12. If you were to lease the ladder, what should be the duration to ensure your decision is correct? -A duration less than 126 days -A duration less than 150 days -A duration greater than 126 days -A duration greater than 126 days

A duration less than 126 days

Management has asked Mai to determine if a project concept is valid and can be completed using a reasonable amount of time and finances. Management is asking for which of the following? -Project Plan -Cost and time estimates -A project case study -A feasibility study

A feasibility study

For the purpose of recoding project lessons learned, you are analyzing the major delay in the project schedule. The root cause of he delay was a demonstration done by a group of green initiative supporters. They were unhappy because their representatives were not informed about all of the arrangements that you are taking to protect the environment. What could you and your team have done better to prevent this from happening? -A more accurate stakeholder identification -A clearer communication management plan -A better project management plan -A more accurate risk response planning

A more accurate stakeholder identification

You have recently been assigned as the manager of a project after the previous manager quit the company. From the first meetings with the project team you discover that the morale of the team is very low. You speak to some of the team members in private and you feel that they were not given opportunities to participate in team development activities and that they did not have opportunities to grow. Which of the following is a primary factor for this situation? -A poorly defined resource calendar -Use of zero-sum rewards in the project -Poor communication planning -Too many hierarchical levels in the project organization chart

A poorly defined resource calendar

Which of the following statements about process Identify Stakeholders is the most correct? -Identifying stakeholders usually occurs as part of planning -A power/interest grid may be of use during stakeholder analysis -All stakeholders should be treated in a fair and equal manner -The stakeholder register is an input to this process

A power/interest grid may be of use during stakeholder analysis

A team member submits a draft of the requirements management plan to the project manager for a review. The project manager notices that one of the components included in the plan does not belong there. Which of the following components did the project manager most likely notice? A process that describes how the project requirements will be prioritized The metrics that will be used and the rationale for using them A process that specifies how a project scope statement will be prepared How requirement activities will be planned, tracked, and reported

A process that specifies how a project scope statement will be prepared

A product description of a project can help in creating procurement details. Which of the following best describes the product description? -A product description defines the contracted work based on the requirements of the customer -A product description defines the contracted work -A product description defines the requirements for the contract work -All of the above

A product description defines the contracted work based on the requirements of the customer

Margie is working on a project for a new military facility on the East Coast but she does not have a firm understanding of the milestones and timelines for the project. According to the PMBOK, an approved, formal document that is used to manage the execution of a project is known as -A project management plan -A project schedule -A project scope statement -A schedule management plan

A project management plan

Which of the following is an input to the Develop Schedule? -A project management plan, Agreements, Duration estimates, Resource calendars -A project management plan, Duration estimates, Work performance information -A project management plan, Work performance information, Project schedule network diagrams -Project management plan, Stakeholder register, Work performance information

A project management plan, Agreements, Duration estimates, Resource calendars

Which of the following is input to the Control Quality? -A project management plan, Deliverables, Work performance data -A project management plan, Verified deliverables, Work performance data -Change requests, Verified deliverables, work performance information -None of the above

A project management plan, Deliverables, Work performance data

Risk prioritization is important because: -There is a probability and impact associated with risks -A project manager is always constrained by Scope, Time, Cost & Resources -Cost risks should be given more importance -Customer and Sponsor identified risks should be given higher priority

A project manager is always constrained by Scope, Time, Cost & Resources

A data point in a control chart that requires investigation is called: -A special cause -A quality fault -A rule of seven -A rule of five

A special cause

A risk trigger is also called as which of the following? -A warning sign -A delay -A cost increase -Incremental advancement of risk

A warning sign

Which of the following best describes project scope management? -The description of the project deliverables -The authorizing document that allows the project manager to move forward with the project and to assign resources to the tasks -A way to manage all of the required work and only the required work to complete the project -The process of planning and executing all of the required work to deliver the project to the customer.

A way to manage all of the required work and only the required work to complete the project

You are the project manager of a project and have added some dummy activities to correctly show all logical relationships. Which network diagramming method have you used? -ADM (Arrow Diagramming Method) -Precedence Diagramming Method (PDM) -PERT -None

ADM (Arrow Diagramming Method)

our company has bagged a number of government contracts dealing with setting up infrastructure. This includes setting up roads and bridges. This is a very big and prestigious project, so your company wants to ensure everything is planned well in advance. You are the project manager of this project. Considering its importance, you and your team come up with a list of risks. One of the subject matter experts indicates that during the months of July and August, the construction work of the bridge across the river would need to stop on account of past history of flooding of the river. You agree with the expert and plan the schedule accordingly. What strategy did you just apply? -Accept -Exploit -Mitigate -Transfer

Accept

You are a project manager of Software Product Company. After a person is hired, you come to know that many of this person's ideas were developed by a competitor company. Which of the following is the best action in this case? -Accept the new ideas -Ignore the ideas because it may be a violation of the code of conduct -Ask the person to sign NDA -Tell the person that he should not mention that the ideas came from another company

Accept the new ideas

Adding buffers to project activities is which of the following risk resolution strategy: -Mitigation -Acceptance -Transference -Avoidance

Acceptance

Which of the following is an output of Validate Scope? -WBS template -Rework -Accepted deliverables -SOW acceptance

Accepted deliverables

ou are in the process of defining activities and have broken down the WBS into individual activities. You now uniquely tag each activity with a unique code. So, you have defined an ___ for each activity. -Schedule Network Diagram -Activity List -Milestone List -Activity Identifier

Activity Identifier

When referring to inputs for Develop Schedule process, responsibility (i.e., who will perform the work), activity type (i.e., summary or detailed), and WBS classifications are: -Constraints -Activity attributes -Resource pool description -Activity duration estimates

Activity attributes

In order to create a network diagram, the project manager needs which of the following? -Activity sequencing -Project sponsor approval of the WBS -The WBS dictionary -A cost baseline

Activity sequencing

S Curve depicts a relationship between: -Resource Availability and time -Remaining budget and time -Actual Cost, Planned Value, and Earned Value -Cost and Quality

Actual Cost, Planned Value, and Earned Value

You have replaced a project manager on a project that is already in the execution phase. The project is behind schedule, and you have been specifically brought in to ensure the project meets its schedule. You decide to review the schedule network diagram created by the earlier project manager and realize that the project is 3 weeks behind schedule. After reviewing the activities and the network diagram, you decide to Crash the schedule. This means you: -Decrease the scope of the project after discussing with the sponsors -Add additional resources to the activities on the Critical path -Perform activities in parallel to decrease the schedule -Discuss with the sponsors and explain how it is not going to be possible to meet the schedule

Add additional resources to the activities on the Critical path

Your project activity float is negative 10. What is your course of action? -Add more resources -Ask more time to complete the project -Use less experienced team members -Ignore it

Add more resources

You are a project manager for a software development company. You realize that your team member is disclosing important project information to one of his friends who works with a competitor organization. What will you do? -Speak with the Program manager -Address the concern with the team member -Address the concern with the team members boss -Spy on this team member

Address the concern with the team member

As you evolve as a project manager, you will have the opportunity to interact with some very talented people. In your current position, you are a telecommunications project manager and the project sponsor of your Internet project has asked you to change the scope of the project. What should you do? -Tell him that the scope cannot be changed after the baseline is set. -Since the project sponsor has provided you with the authority to perform project tasks, prepare a revised scope document. -Adapt a passive-aggressive stance and do nothing. -Advise him about the potential impact on the timeline and resource allocation.

Advise him about the potential impact on the timeline and resource allocation.

During Validate Scope Process, you formalize acceptance of the project deliverables and keep the project focused on the business need for which it was undertaken. This should be done: -At the beginning of the project -At the end of the project -When required by the project sponsor -After getting verified deliverables from the quality control process

After getting verified deliverables from the quality control process

You have reached the end of the design phase of your project. You decide to call a "phase end review" for obtaining authorization to close the design phase and initiate the next phase (i.e., execution phase) of your project. Your manager disagrees with your suggestion. He wants a "kill point" to formally end the design phase of the project. In this context, you should: -Disagree with your manager because you know that phase end reviews should be used at the end of each phase of the project -Agree with your manager -Escalate this issue to the project sponsor -Take advice from a senior project manager about what should actually be done at the end of each phase of the project

Agree with your manager

During Identify Stakeholder process, the project manager identifies all people or organizations impacted by the project and documents relevant information regarding their interests, involvement, and impact on project success. In this context, all the following statements are true except: -Stakeholders exert influence over the project and its deliverables -It is critical for project success to identify the stakeholders early in the project -All critical stakeholders should be engaged at the same time -A strategy may be developed for approaching each stakeholder

All critical stakeholders should be engaged at the same time

Change requests can occur due to: -An external event such as a change in government regulation. -An error or omission in defining the scope of the product. -An error or omission in defining the scope of the project. -All of the above

All of the above

The Project Quality Management process must __________. -Address the quality of the management and product -Improve project management -and the quality of the product -Ensure that the project satisfies customer requirements -All of the above

All of the above

Which of the following statements is true regarding Critical Path? -There can be more than one Critical Path in a Schedule Network Diagram -Critical Paths generally always have negative float -Activities on Critical Path have positive float -Critical Path has a duration less than that of the non-critical paths

There can be more than one Critical Path in a Schedule Network Diagram

Which of the following is NOT true regarding starting a project without a formal approved project charter? -There is a risk of constant change -There is no risk of greater number of changes and disruption -Managing expectations of different stakeholders can be an increased challenge -The project manager will be undermined since the project manager would lack formal authority

There is no risk of greater number of changes and disruption

You have been assigned to a project that deals with developing a software product for the BFSI domain. You and your team are building the schedule network diagram. While sequencing activities, one of the team members, who is an Architect, indicates that rather than interacting with the database on every activity, you should introduce an activity which would cache the data. The team member argues that this will improve performance and hence this activity should be introduced in the sequence prior to the other activities that deal with database interaction. What kind of a dependency is this? -This is an example of Mandatory Dependency -This is an example of External Dependency -This is an example of Discretionary Dependency or Soft Logic -This is an example of Hard Logic

This is an example of Discretionary Dependency or Soft Logic

You are working on a new project to develop a new wireless product with ease-of-use features recommended by customers. It is as yet undetermined which features and the extent to which each feature will be incorporated into the product. You have a focus group that will continue to evaluate the features as the project goes forward. The focus group is authorized to suggest changes, as are your engineers and the quality department. As a project manager, what should be your strategy? -It is inappropriate to continue a project without proper scope so request Sponsor to terminate the project. -Do not continue with the project until the Focus Group agrees to define the features clearly & completely. -This is an expected part of every project. You should develop good Change Management to take care of future changes. -Follow the project very closely and keep tight control on the Focus Group.

This is an expected part of every project. You should develop good Change Management to take care of future changes.

Thomas is a project manager at a biotech company. He is an excellent project manager with a very successful track record managing large, complex R&D projects. During his leisure time, Thomas competes in amateur athletic contests. Athletics' is an extremely competitive sport. So Thomas takes performance-enhancing drugs, such as steroids, in order to maintain his competitive edge. His company does not have any policies prohibiting the usage of such performance-enhancing drugs. Which of the following statement is TRUE? -Since Thomas exhibits professional conduct on his project, he is still considered a successful project manager, irrespective of his outside activities -Since his company does not have an explicit policy prohibiting steroid usage, his steroid usage should not be called into question -Thomas is violating one of the responsibilities of the PMI code of conduct -His status with PMI is not affected, as his activities outside of work is not of concern to the PMI. PMI code of conduct in not applicable to personal and private lifestyle choices

Thomas is violating one of the responsibilities of the PMI code of conduct

You are working as a Data Center Maintenance Engineer for a large multinational corporation. From time to time you have to set up, install, and test new servers in your Data Center. You have historical data on past server installations. You know best, worst and average installation duration from your past data. On average, it takes about 4 hrs per server to accomplish this task. Since you have to install 11 such servers, you estimate that this activity is likely to take 28hrs. Which estimation technique did you use? -Analogous estimating as you have estimated using historical data -Reserve Analysis as you have used the average duration for your estimation to mitigate the risk -Parametric estimating as you used mathematical analysis for the estimation -Three-Point estimating

Three-Point estimating

You are the project manager of the KLJH Project. This project will last for two years and has 30 stakeholders. How often should risk identification take place? -Once at the beginning of the project -Throughout the execution processes -Throughout the project -Once per project phase

Throughout the project

A Heuristic is best described as: -Thumb rule -Activity diagram -Workaround -Control tool

Thumb rule

The project team is analyzing its needs for an upcoming, long-term project which they wanted to sub-contract. They are not able to define the needs in detail as it is a very long project. What type of contract should they use? -Time and Material -Cost Reimbursable -Cost plus fixed fee. -Fixed price.

Time and Material

You are negotiating with a contractor for additional staff augmentation—a number of software developers and a few testers. As a buyer, you don't quite have the exact statement of work ready. What kind of contract is MOST appropriate for this kind of work? -Time and Materials - T and M -Cost plus fixed fee - CPFF -Firm Fixed Price Contract - FFP -Fixed Price Incentive Fee Contracts - FPIF

Time and Materials - T and M

Which of the following is a hybrid type of contractual arrangement? -Time and material contracts -Fixed-price contracts -Cost-reimbursable contracts -Fixed price with Redetermination

Time and material contracts

Benji is the project manager of the PLP Project. He has hired an independent contractor for a portion of the project work. The contractor is billing the project $120 per hour, plus materials. This is an example of which one of the following? -Cost-plus fixed fee -Time and materials -Fixed-price -Lump sum

Time and materials

What are Control charts used for? -To determine if the process is in control"" -To determine how various elements of a system are interrelated -To show trends in a process over time -To show the pattern of a relationship between two variables

To determine if the process is in control""

Which of the following statements regarding Work Breakdown Structure is false? -To identify the major deliverables of the project requires analyzing the project charter -The work package is the lowest level in the WBS -Different deliverables in the WBS can have different levels of decomposition -The WBS is an outcome of the Create WBS process

To identify the major deliverables of the project requires analyzing the project charter

You are part of a Quality Assurance team and have scheduled a Quality Audit for one of the projects. What would not be a goal or objective of performing this audit? -To identify if all the good and best practices are being implemented -To identify all gaps , non-conformity, and shortcomings -To identify the root cause of the Quality issues

To identify the root cause of the Quality issues

The Project Stakeholder Management knowledge area is focused on engaging project stakeholders with the project. What is the objective of effectively keeping the project stakeholders engaged with the project? -To manage their expectations so that the project objectives are achieved. -To motivate the project team members. -Using consistent project management methodology across organizational projects. -To demotivate the negative stakeholders

To manage their expectations so that the project objectives are achieved.

You are a successful project manager for the manufacturing software solution division of an engineering organization. A recently appointed project manager has approached you for help in estimating cost on his project. He would like this estimate to be as accurate as possible as this is the only chance for him to secure the budget for this project due to the newly introduced cost control policies of the organization. You decide -To use analogous estimating techniques -To use expert judgment techniques -To use top-down estimating techniques -To use bottom-up estimating techniques

To use bottom-up estimating techniques

The water sanitation project manager has determined the risks associated with handling certain chemicals are too high. He has decided to allow someone else to complete this portion of the project, and so has outsourced the handling and installation of the chemicals and filter equipment to an experienced contractor. This is an example of which of the following? -Avoid -Accept -Mitigate -Transfer

Transfer

You're performing Identify Risks on a software project. Two of your team members have spent half of the meeting arguing about whether or not a particular risk is likely to happen on the project. You decide to table the discussion, but you're concerned that your team's motivation is at risk. The next item on the agenda is a discussion of a potential opportunity on the project in which you may be able to purchase a component for much less than it would cost to build. Which of the following is NOT a valid way to respond to an opportunity? -Transfer -Exploit -Share -Enhance

Transfer

Diana is managing the development of a mobile phone application. Half of the project work has been completed. Diana is currently reviewing her stakeholder engagement plan. She finds out that some of the resisting stakeholders have now become supportive. How should Diana update her stakeholder engagement plan? -Do not update the stakeholder engagement plan at this stage as things are getting better. -Transfer these stakeholders to the project supporters group, and for these stakeholders, adopt the stakeholder engagement strategy defined for the project supporters -For these stakeholders, continue with the defined resisting stakeholder engagement strategy as this strategy has produced positive results so far. -Transfer these stakeholders to the project supporters group but continue with the defined resisting stakeholder engagement strategy with these stakeholders

Transfer these stakeholders to the project supporters group, and for these stakeholders, adopt the stakeholder engagement strategy defined for the project supporters

The water sanitation project manager has determined the risks associated with handling certain chemicals are too high. He has decided to allow someone else to complete this portion of the project, and so has outsourced the handling and installation of the chemicals and filter equipment to an experienced contractor. This is an example of which of the following? -Avoidance -Acceptance -Mitigation -Transference

Transference

In your project, you are performing the Control Risks process. So, you are always on the lookout for indications that risk has occurred or is about to occur. These indications can also be referred to as: -Triggers -Warning signs -Risk symptoms -Triggers, warning signs and risk symptoms

Triggers, warning signs and risk symptoms

A risk is a(n) _________ occurrence that can affect the project for good or bad. -Known -Potential -Uncertain -Unknown unknown

Uncertain

As a project manager, you are aware that changes are bound to occur in the projects. While you are monitoring and controlling changes, you use the term project scope creep. What does the term refer to? -Uncontrolled changes -Controlled changes -Manageable changes -Unmanageable changes

Uncontrolled changes

You are working on a yearlong global project involving 60 different countries. The project has a large number of stakeholders because it is rolling out a new process for managing global procurement. You are in the planning phase of this project and working on the communication management plan. What do you need to consider before you do your communication requirements analysis? -Understand the project organization, the number of departments and disciplines involved, the number of locations and individuals involved, and whether the procurement process will need to be communicated to vendors. -Meet with the project team to determine who would be the most likely project, communication recipients. -Obtain global email address lists from corporate communications that have been used on similar projects. -Plan to communicate only with the project sponsor and corporate location because the project is a yearlong effort; communicating to other sites will not be necessary until the process is delivered.

Understand the project organization, the number of departments and disciplines involved, the number of locations and individuals involved, and whether the procurement process will need to be communicated to vendors.

Which of the following is not a level of engagement for stakeholders? -Unaware -Uninformed -Neutral -Leading

Uninformed

Which of the following best describes why one would use a resource histogram versus a responsibility assignment matrix? -Unlike the responsibility assignment matrix, a resource histogram shows when people will do their jobs. -Unlike the responsibility assignment matrix, a resource histogram shows the reporting relationships of project team members. -Unlike the responsibility assignment matrix, a resource histogram is helpful in tracking project costs and can be aligned with the organization's accounting systems. -Unlike the responsibility assignment matrix, a resource histogram describes the inert-dependencies among project activities. Score:

Unlike the responsibility assignment matrix, a resource histogram shows when people will do their jobs.

o manage a project effectively, work should be broken into small pieces. Which of the following does not describe how far to decompose the work? -Until it can be realistically monitored -Until it cannot be subdivided further -Until it can be realistically scheduled. -Until it can be realistically estimated

Until it cannot be subdivided further

As a project manager, Tom is currently involved in the Control Procurements process. According to the records, one of the vendors has not delivered the items on time. The root-cause analysis shows that the problem was in the proposal evaluation activities that could have been done more accurately. What should Tom do at this point? -Update Procurement Documentation -Update Procurement Contracts -Conduct Procurement Audits -Update Organizational Process Assets

Update Organizational Process Assets

You are in a very happy state today as you have completed all the deliverables. This was a complex project involving a lot of challenges, but with good management and a motivated team, things have been completed successfully. What should you do next as a project manager? -Perform Quality Control -Update lessons learned -Verify scope -Disband the team

Update lessons learned

You are managing a project for constructing a bridge over a river. All the risks have been identified and the design phase is just completed. The team is in its second week of construction. One of the subject matter experts reports that there is a possibility of the monsoons to be heavier this year. She points out that the load-bearing plates earlier designed may have to be redesigned considering the additional water pressure expected because of additional rain water. What would be your best immediate course of action? -Schedule an emergency meeting with all stakeholders to discuss this risk -Mitigate risks by immediately redesigning the load-bearing plates -Write up a change request and submit it to the Change Control Board for approval -Update the Risk register to add this risk along with its probability and impact

Update the Risk register to add this risk along with its probability and impact

A project team member has completed his work on the project. Which of the following must the project manager do? -Provide the team member with copies of his/her work on the project -Update the employee's records with the new skills acquired -Invite him/her to the project closure party -Check to make sure he/she is happy with his/her performance

Update the employee's records with the new skills acquired

You are managing a project to set up a brand new play area for the community. You and your team have been working as per plan and things are moving smoothly. Suddenly, one of the stakeholders indicates that the play area must also include a sand pit. This was not originally planned for, so you analyze the impact on the cost, schedule, and scope. You then submit the change request to the Change control board for their approval .You have immediately received an approval. What should your next step be? -Get the work done immediately and start executing -Update the impacted baselines scope, cost, and schedule -Update the work performance reports and share them with stakeholders -Set up a meeting with the change control board

Update the impacted baselines scope, cost, and schedule

You realize that projects represent change, and on your projects, you always seem to have a number of change requests to consider. In your current project to manage the safety of the nation's cheese products and the testing methods used, you decided to prepare a formal change management plan. An often-overlooked type of change request is— -Adding new subject matter experts to your team -Updates -Work performance information -Enhancing the reviews performed by your project's governance board

Updates

Which one of the following items determines the acceptable range of variation of a process on a control chart? -Upper and Lower Control Limits -Mean -Standard Deviation -Specification Limit

Upper and Lower Control Limits

You have been asked to provide Cost estimates for a project which would be responsible for the complete electrical installation in warehouses. As a project manager, you have had past experience in similar projects in your previous organization. The organization you have joined also has recently done a similar project. There is an urgency in providing the estimate as mandated by executive management. What estimation technique would you adopt? -Ask your previous organization for the estimates -Use Parametric Estimating technique -Use Bottom-up Estimating -Use Analogous Estimating

Use Analogous Estimating

One of your project managers, Mary, reports that her project has hit a roadblock. You are surprised since just the previous week, on reviewing the project, everything seemed to be on track. She explains that a team member has identified a problem that was never envisioned in the risk identification process. Based on the analysis, the impact would be on the cost to rectify the issue. What would be the best course of action? -Add this risk with its impact and probability to the Risk register -Use the Management reserve to correct the issue -Use the Contingency reserve to correct the issue -Schedule a meeting with stakeholders and explain the problem

Use the Management reserve to correct the issue

You are the project manager of the PLY Project. This project is very similar to the ACT Project you have completed. What method can you do to expedite the process of organization planning? -Use the project plan of the ACT Project on the PLY Project. -Use the roles and responsibilities definitions of the ACT Project on the PLY Project. -Use the communications plan of the ACT Project on the PLY Project. -Use the project team of the ACT Project on the PLY Project.

Use the roles and responsibilities definitions of the ACT Project on the PLY Project.

Which of the following statements is true regarding Control Account? -Used as a Tool and Technique in Activity Definition process -Used to estimate cost at a level lower than the work package -Used to control costs of the project -Used in Integrated Change Control

Used as a Tool and Technique in Activity Definition process

Which of the following statements is not true regarding Scope Verification? -Consists of conducting inspections, reviews, and audits -Used to determine if results conform to requirements -Used to get formal sign off from clients -Used to determine schedule variance

Used to determine schedule variance

You are creating a cost management plan for your Six-Sigma project. In this context, all the following statements relating to the creation of a cost management plan are accurate EXCEPT -Specifies the precision level to which the schedule activity cost estimates will adhere -Establishes variance thresholds for costs -Defines formats for various cost reports -Uses preferred tools for cost estimating

Uses preferred tools for cost estimating

Formal acceptance of the completed project deliverables is the definition of which of the following processes? -Validate Scope -Create WBS -Define Scope -Control Quality

Validate Scope

The work breakdown structure is an important input to which of the following project scope management processes? -Plan Scope Management -Define Scope -Develop Project charter -Validate Scope

Validate Scope

You are the project manager for your organization. You need to ensure the customer formally accepts the deliverables of each project phase. This process is known as _______________________________? -Earned value management -Validate Scope -Control Quality -Manage Quality

Validate Scope

As a manager on a project, you have identified and created the WBS and WBS Dictionary. You also plan to ensure that each deliverable gets the approval of your stakeholders and sponsors. Which process are you planning to perform? -Validate scope -Perform Quality Control -Control Scope -Define Scope

Validate scope

Comparing target dates with the actual or forecast start and finish dates is called: -Variance Analysis -Earned Value -Progress Reporting -Crashing

Variance Analysis

Which of the following is a tool and technique for the Control Costs? -Bottom-up estimating -Parametric estimating -Variance analysis -Work breakdown structure

Variance analysis

Which of the following is not a tool or technique for Perform Integrated Change Control? -Decision-making -Cost-benefit analysis -Variance analysis -Change control tools

Variance analysis

Which of the following is an input of Validate Scope? -Work performance report -Risk register -Stakeholder register -Verified deliverables

Verified deliverables

Which of the following activities is not performed as a part of Project Closure? -Ensuring all the deliverables meet contract requirements -Creating lessons learned and updating Organizational Process Assets -Final acceptance -Verifying scope

Verifying scope

Co-location is a good strategy for Team Building but the use of ____ is sometimes unavoidable. -Virtual teams -Part-time teams -Off-shore location -Off-site location

Virtual teams

You are the project manager of the JULIET Project. This project has 32 stakeholders and will require implementation activities in different geographies. You have been requested to provide a duration estimate for the project. Of the following, which will offer the best level of detail in your estimate? -WBS -Order of magnitude -Requirements document -Stakeholder analysis

WBS

You are the project manager for Yuri Project. You are about to create the cost estimates for the project. Which input will help you the most? -WBS & WBS Dictionary -Parametric estimation -Expert Judgement -Requirements document

WBS & WBS Dictionary

ou are the project manager of the Golden Satellite Project. This project has 32 stakeholders and will require implementation activities in Africa, Asia and South America. You have been requested to provide a duration estimate for the project. Of the following, which will offer the best level of detail for your estimate? -WBS & WBS Dictionary -Scope statement -Project Schedule -Stakeholder register

WBS & WBS Dictionary

In order to determine the details of the work to be performed in work packages, which of the following can be used? -WBS -WBS Dictionary -Control Account -Work Packages

WBS Dictionary

You and your team are planning out the work to be done. You break up the work into discrete work packages. To ensure that each work package has all the necessary details, you and your team decide to write down detailed information for each work package such as Statement of work, details of the work package, and who will be the responsible individual for the work package. Where would you store this information? -Approved Project Scope Statement -WBS Dictionary -WBS -Project Management Plan

WBS Dictionary

All the following types of costs are incurred to ensure compliance to requirements except: -Prevention costs -Appraisal costs -Quality planning costs -Warranty costs

Warranty costs

You and your team have done extensive brainstorming and discussions. You have also looked up the Organizational process assets and have come up with an exhaustive list of risks. You and your team members feel fairly confident now that you know all the risks. You decide to prioritize the risks and only focus on the high-priority ones. A team member indicates that a large number of risks have very low priority. She suggests you simply ignore them. You disagree and decide to maintain a list of such low-priority risks. Where will you maintain these low-priority risks? -Risk Register -Risk Management Plan -Watch List -Issue Log

Watch List

A project coordinator may typically be found in an organisation -Projectized -Strong Matrix -Weak Matrix -Balanced Matrix

Weak Matrix

A project manager would find team development the most difficult in which form of organization? -Weak Matrix organization -Balanced Matrix organization -Projectized organization -Strong Matrix organization

Weak Matrix organization

You are managing the project for setting up an oil rig in the Pacific Ocean. Which of the following could be a valid constraint when you are doing resource planning for your project? -Weak matrix organization structure -Unlimited budget, since the project is very critical to meet compliance needs -Oil price increases to more than $ 50 a barrel -Oil price decreasing below $ 30 per barrel

Weak matrix organization structure

The Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) method of scheduling differs from the Critical Path Method (CPM) because the PERT uses: -"Free float" instead of "total float" in the schedule calculations. -Weighted averages of activity durations to calculate project duration. -"Dummy" activities to represent logic ties. -Bar charts instead of logic diagrams to portray the schedule

Weighted averages of activity durations to calculate project duration.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to improve the accuracy of cost estimates produced through parametric Estimate costs techniques? -When cost estimates for work packages, control accounts, and planning packages in the WBS are accurate and detailed. -When the model is scalable. -When parameters used in the model are quantifiable. -When historical information used to develop the model is accurate

When cost estimates for work packages, control accounts, and planning packages in the WBS are accurate and detailed.

Optimal quality is reached at what point? -When the stakeholder accepts the project deliverable. -When revenue from improvements equals the costs of conformance. -When revenue from improvement equals the incremental costs to achieve quality. -When revenue from corrective actions equals the costs of the improvement.

When revenue from improvement equals the incremental costs to achieve quality.

Which of the following statement is false about the estimation techniques -Analogous estimation is the least accurate of all the techniques. -Three-point estimation can be applied for cost estimation. -Reserve analysis can be done using Analogous estimation. -While estimation assumptions should not be considered.

While estimation assumptions should not be considered.

A contract between an organization and a vendor may include a clause that penalizes the vendor if the project is late. The lateness of a project has a monetary penalty; penalty should be enforced or waived based on which one of the following? -If the project manager could have anticipated the delay -If the project manager knew the delay was likely -Whether the delay was because of unseen risk -Who caused the delay and the reason why

Who caused the delay and the reason why

A project is in execution. A team member, Jennifer, approaches the project manager and indicates that she is not sure of what work she needs to perform. Which document would be the best source of this information? -Project Scope Management Plan -Project Scope Statement -Project Management Plan -Work Breakdown Structure Dictionary

Work Breakdown Structure Dictionary

ou and your team are in the process of creating WBS and WBS Dictionary. What would be the best choice of attributes in a WBS Dictionary? -Work Package ID and Work Package Description -Work Package ID, Control Account ID, and Work Package Description -Work Package Description -Work Package ID, Control Account ID, Work Package Description, Acceptance Criteria, Responsible Organization, Cost, Assumptions

Work Package ID, Control Account ID, Work Package Description, Acceptance Criteria, Responsible Organization, Cost, Assumptions

Variances from desired outcomes are unavoidable in a project environment, but their causes, corrective actions and their justifications must be documented as part of: -Work Performance Report -Earned Value Analysis Report -Lessons Learned Document -Project Plan

Work Performance Report

Sarah has been assigned to a high-profile project with several strong personalities that want to expand the scope of her project. She realizes that minimizing scope creep through change control can have a positive impact on the timeline for the project. Which of the following is an input to integrated change control? -Work Performance Information -Quality control Measurement -Work Performance Reports -Work Performance Data

Work Performance Reports

You are a project manager and are concerned that certain project work tasks will either be duplicated by multiple team members or not completed at all. What type of procedure can you put into place to ensure that this does not occur? -Work authorization system -Formal work sign-off system -Control charts -Change control board

Work authorization system

Which of the following is an input to the Determine Budget? -Cost aggregation -Reserve analysis -Alternative analysis -Work breakdown structure

Work breakdown structure

An input to the Control Scope process is: -Work performance data -Work performance report -Work performance information -All of the above

Work performance data

Inputs to the Control schedule do not include except: -Work performance data -Approved change requests -Work performance reports -Stakeholder register

Work performance data

Which of the following is not an input of Monitor & Control Project Work? -Risk Register -Schedule forecasts -Work performance data -Risk Report

Work performance data

Which of the following is not an input to the Determine Budget? -Benefits management plan -Costs estimates -Costs management plan -Work performance data

Work performance data

The key difference between Work performance data and Work performance report is: -There are no differences; both are the same -Work performance data provides the raw data, whereas the work performance reports provide the status in the form of electronic dashboard. -Work performance report provides the raw data, whereas the work performance data provides the status in the form of an electronic dashboard. -Work performance data forms the planned objectives

Work performance data provides the raw data, whereas the work performance reports provide the status in the form of electronic dashboard.

Inputs to Perform Integrated Change Control include all of the following except: -Work performance information -Work performance reports -Configuration management plan -Requirements traceability matrix

Work performance information

Which of the following is an output of the Control Costs? -Work performance information -Work performance reports -Stakeholder register updates -Work performance data

Work performance information

Monitor Risks process involves tracking identified risks, identifying new risks, and executing risk response plans. Which of the following are outputs of this process? -Risk audits and risk reviews -A risk management plan and a risk response plan -Change log and a risk management plan -Work performance information, updates to risk register and risk report, Change requests

Work performance information, updates to risk register and risk report, Change requests

Inputs to Manage Project Knowledge does not include -Project management plan -Work performance report -Stakeholder register -Deliverables

Work performance report

Which of the following is a key output to Monitor & Control Project Work? -Work performance reports -Scope baseline -Work performance data -Both A and C

Work performance reports

You are in charge of constructing a high-rise residential building. After creating a Network diagram, you have identified the Critical Path. Work has started, but suddenly due to inclement weather, plinth work has got delayed. This plinth work activity was on the critical path. As a manager driving this project, would you be worried and why? -No - It will not matter if the Plinth work is delayed. -No - Activities on the critical path do not impact the schedule -Yes - Any delay of activities on the critical path would lead to a delay of the entire project -Yes - you will now have to relay this bad news to the client

Yes - Any delay of activities on the critical path would lead to a delay of the entire project

As a part of the Executive Management team, you have a number of project managers reporting to you. One of the project managers has reported the data for their project that has got you worried regarding the health of the project. EV = $ 300000, PV = $ 550000, AC = $ 200000. You are worried since, as per your calculations, the project is behind schedule. However, the Project Manager disagrees and feels the project is ahead of schedule. What is the correct interpretation of the data? -Both you and the project manager are incorrect; the health of the project cannot be determined from this information -Both you and the project manager are correct as interpretation is very subjective -You are correct as the project is behind schedule -The Project Manager is correct as the project is ahead of schedule

You are correct as the project is behind schedule

You work at RFID-PM Inc, a publicly-traded company that develops RFID technology. Radio Frequency Identification RFID is a method of remotely storing and retrieving data using devices called RFID tags/ transponders. An RFID tag is a small object, such as an adhesive sticker, that can be attached to or incorporated into a product Your friend, Nelson has asked you for the financial information regarding your company. So you decide to forward him the proforma financial statements for the that you obtained from your finance department for the upcoming quarterly meeting. Have you provided insider information regarding your company? -Although you have not provided insider information, you have violated the confidentiality agreement with your company -Although you have not provided, insider information you have violated the non-disclosure agreement with your company -You have not provided insider information since you merely forwarded publicly available data -You have not provided insider information but violating the professional code of conduct

You have not provided insider information but violating the professional code of conduct

You are the project manager for your organization. You and your project team are in conflict on the amount of time allotted to complete certain activities. Several of the team members want to add duration buffers to most activities so that they have enough time to complete their tasks should something go awry. What should be your advice to the team members? -You should allow them to add buffers only on critical path activities -You should support the team to keep them motivated -You should support the team as adding buffer increases the chances of completion -You should not allow adding buffers as it is not a good practice

You should allow them to add buffers only on critical path activities

Management has set objectives for you to shorten the project duration and improve the project quality at the same time without giving you additional resources. The BEST response would be: -You will explain to management that it is not possible as there are trade-offs among project cost, quality, scope and time -You will stay silent and take the project -You will negotiate to reduce the project scope -You will conduct a feasibility study with your project team to validate new project strategies and potential areas of improvements in project management processes before agreeing to the objectives

You will conduct a feasibility study with your project team to validate new project strategies and potential areas of improvements in project management processes before agreeing to the objectives

As a high-profile project manager for nuclear power projects, Theodore has come to the realization that incorporating project changes into the schedule throughout the project is imperative if he is going to keep the project on schedule. By utilizing network diagrams, he is able to track the scheduling and execution of the various tasks throughout the process. When performing a backward pass analysis of a project schedule, he knows that it is important to identify and evaluate all of the paths of activities that have -Most risky activities -Positive Float -Zero Float -Activities critical to success

Zero Float

A project is over budget when: CPI > 1 SPI > 1 CPI and SPI > 1 CPI < 1

CPI < 1

Different and conflicting objectives amongst stakeholders: -Should be encouraged. -Should be ignored. -Can make it difficult for project managers to manage stakeholder expectations. -Generally make it easy for project managers to manage stakeholder expectations.

Can make it difficult for project managers to manage stakeholder expectations.

Identify the basic quality tools to facilitate, measure, and control quality -Cause and effect diagrams, Flowcharts, Check sheets, Pareto diagrams, Histograms, Control Charts, Sequence Diagrams -Cause and effect diagrams, Flowcharts, Check sheets, Histograms, Control Charts, Scatter Diagrams -Activity diagrams, Flowcharts, Check sheets, Pareto diagrams, Histograms, Control Charts, Sequence Diagrams -Cause and effect diagrams, Monte Carlo analysis, Check sheets, Pareto diagrams, Histograms, Control Charts, Scatter Diagrams

Cause and effect diagrams, Flowcharts, Check sheets, Histograms, Control Charts, Scatter Diagrams

Which of the following is not an input to Monitor & Control Project Work? -Project management plan -Work Performance Information -Change requests -Agreements

Change requests

Which of the following is not an input to the Control Quality? -Deliverables -Change requests -Approved change requests -Work performance data

Change requests

You are the project manager of a software project. Your team member wants to make technical changes to an activity, which will add more time to that activity. What should you do? -Check if the activity is on critical path -Allow team members to change the activity -Report to senior management -Ignore change in activities

Check if the activity is on critical path

A company wants to hire a PMP, and you are applying for the position in the company. You are scheduled to take the PMP exam in a few days. At your interview, a comment is made implying that you are PMP certified. What do you do? -Clarify that you are scheduled to take your PMP certification exam soon but are not yet PMP certified. -Confirm that you are PMP certified -Both of the above are true. -None of the above

Clarify that you are scheduled to take your PMP certification exam soon but are not yet PMP certified.

When does the project manager review prior phase documentation and customer acceptance documentation from Validate Scope process? -Close Project or Phase -Control Scope -Control Quality -Perform Quality Assurance

Close Project or Phase

In the second phase of a six-phase project, you are currently compiling lessons learned for use in planning in future phases. You are in which of the following project management process group? -Closing -Monitoring & Control -Planning -Both B & C

Closing

In your project, you are performing several actions to execute the project management plan and to complete the work defined in the project scope statement. You will be involved in (choose the best answer). -Taking corrective or preventive action to control the project performance -Settling or closing any contract agreement established for the project -Creating a document that will formally authorize the project -Collecting work performance data about the completion status of the deliverables and what has been accomplished

Collecting work performance data about the completion status of the deliverables and what has been accomplished

Tagoshi has recently been asked to manage a community cleaning project. In this project, Jennifer feels that many key stakeholders would be very influential. Which one of the following will not be helpful to Jennifer to analyze stakeholder influence? -Organizational environment and culture. -Stakeholder registers from previous projects. -Insight from the sponsor -Commercial databases

Commercial databases

You have successfully completed a project. You have now been assigned a project which is midway in its execution. You have had to take up this project due to non-availability of the current project manager. This is a complex project involving multiple contractors and teams at various geographical locations. You decide to look up the requirements of the types of reports and frequency of sending them. Where would you find this information? -Project Management Plan -Scope Management Plan -Communication Management Plan -Stakeholder Analysis

Communication Management Plan

Which of the following would not be used for cost budgeting? -Activity Cost estimates -Work Breakdown Structure -Project schedule -Communication management plan

Communication management plan

You are the project manager for the LKH Project. Management has requested that you create a document detailing what information will be expected from stakeholders and to whom that information will be disseminated. Management is asking for which one of the following? -Roles and responsibilities matrix -Scope Management Plan -Communications Management Plan -Communications worksheet

Communications Management Plan

ou are the project manager for the MiPollo Project. Management has requested that you create a document detailing what information will be expected from stakeholders and to whom that information will be disseminated. Management is asking for which one of the following? -Roles and responsibilities matrix -Scope Management Plan -Communications Management Plan -Communications worksheet

Communications Management Plan

As part of the procurement management process, you have already prepared a Procurement management plan and the Statement(s) of work. All procurement documents have been finalized and approved by the Central procurement committee at the company headquarters. At this juncture, it is important to remember that the bid evaluation criteria may include all of the following, except: -Ability to comply with buyer's requirements, such as, consistency of supply. -Track record of the bidders -Competitors' sourcing methodology -Financial capacity of the bidders

Competitors' sourcing methodology

What should a project manager do to ensure clear boundaries for project completion? -Scope verification -Completing a project scope statement -Develop Schedule -Develop Project management plan

Completing a project scope statement

You are responsible for a systems integration project in your organization that has multiple internal customers. You have just begun preparing a project plan. Because many people in your organization are interested in the system and its progress, you decide to prepare a project communication management plan. Your first step in preparing this plan is to: -Conduct Communication requirement analysis to assess information needs. -Determine a production schedule to show when each type of communication will be produced. -Describe the information you plan to distribute. -Set up a repository for all project documents so they will be easily accessible.

Conduct Communication requirement analysis to assess information needs.

Which of the following statements regarding configuration management systems is LEAST true? -Configuration management systems establish a method to consistently identify and request changes to established baselines -Configuration management systems provide a mechanism to communicate changes to all stakeholders. -Configuration management systems provide opportunities to improve the project by considering the impact of changes. -Configuration management systems provide mechanisms to estimate project costs and schedules.

Configuration management systems provide mechanisms to estimate project costs and schedules.

You have just been hired as the project manager in a large company and given the approved project charter. You know that your company always undertakes very challenging projects and your project is not an exception. What should be your first course of action? -Confirm that all of the stakeholders have contributed to the scope -Start developing project management plan -Plan risk management -Identify project risks

Confirm that all of the stakeholders have contributed to the scope

ABC International has announced a project, which involved updating and remoulding all the existing stores. Things like new fixtures, signs, shelving, etc are up for a bid. The project manager of this project accepted an all-expenses-paid a weekend visit to a resort from one of the vendors bidding on the contract. The project manager has got involved in, -Conflict of interest situation -Ensuring professional and personal integrity -Adhering to project management code of conduct -Balancing competing needs

Conflict of interest situation

Three-point estimates are based on determining three types of estimates. Which of the following is NOT one of these estimates? -Most likely. -Conservative -Pessimistic -Optimistic

Conservative

The modern project manager is generally expected to be a leader as well. Leadership is not, however, limited to the project manager it may be demonstrated by many different individuals at many different times during the project. Leadership means all of the following, except: -Aligning people -Establishing direction -Motivating and inspiring -Consistently producing key results

Consistently producing key results

You are managing a project. Your company has set a pre-defined budget for you to work with. In this context, a pre-defined budget is considered as a: -Risk -Assumption -Constraint -Stage point

Constraint

You are the project manager for the KILO Project. This project must be completed within eight weeks. This is an example of which of the following? Schedule Assumption Constraint Planning process

Constraint

You are a project manager at New Burgers, a rapidly growing franchise selling premium burgers at a discount. Currently, your company is planning for opening new stores throughout India. You have been asked to open a store in New Delhi. Construction on the new store is about to begin. This corporate headquarter wants to be informed when construction is nearly complete, so they can produce all the supplies and inventories just in time. You have been given a project charter, progressively elaborate the requirements, and have just completed the defined scope and create WBS processes. However, while you are in Define Activities process, you realize that certain deliverables are missing from creating WBS process. What is your next plan of action? -Include the deliverable as a part of the Define Activities Process. -Consult the scope management plan to determine how to revise the project scope to include this deliverable. -Review the WBS to include the missing deliverables, and define the relevant appropriate activities. -Consult your supervisor as to whether to include the deliverables as a part of the project.

Consult the scope management plan to determine how to revise the project scope to include this deliverable.

Your company policy allows accepting gifts from customers within certain limit. Your customer is giving you a gift that is beyond the limit of your company policy. You have already given a gift that has similar value to the customer's representative . What should you do? -Accept it and don't tell anyone -Contact your company's senior management and ask for assistance -Ask your customer about company policy -Refuse it

Contact your company's senior management and ask for assistance

Your company policy allows you to gift customers within certain limit. By mistake, you have given a gift to the customer's representative that is beyond the limit mentioned in your company policy. What should you do? -Forget it and don't tell anyone. -Contact your company's senior management and ask for assistance. -Ask your customer to return the gift. -Ask your customer to give you a gift which has the same cost.

Contact your company's senior management and ask for assistance.

Workarounds differ from contingency plans in that: -Contingency plans are planned in advance and workarounds are not planned in advance. -Workarounds are planned in advance and contingency plans are not planned in advance. -Contingency plans include plans for force majeure events, e.g. natural calamities, but workarounds are the residual risks in the project. -Workarounds only include plans for force majeure events, e.g. natural calamities

Contingency plans are planned in advance and workarounds are not planned in advance.

You are managing a small project in the context of a large organization. A strategic decision made in the organization was to shut down one of the operation units which was supposed to work a few days for your project. This might lead to missing a major milestone in your project so you need to do the required planning to acquire outside resources to get your project activity done. Which tools and techniques of the Plan Risk Response process will help you in this situation? -Risk Reassessment -Contingent response strategies -Strategies for positive risks or opportunities -Strategies for negative risks or threats

Contingent response strategies

You feel that you need to micromanage certain parts of the project, but you do not want to alienate your team. How often should a project plan be monitored? -Weekly -Monthly -At the end of the project -Continuously

Continuously

During the Turbine selection process, it was mutual binding agreement to guarantee the output at given input. A turbine vendor has failed to provide the guaranteed performance of specified parameters like generating the output at given input. The case was referred to court. Which of the following document would be referred to: -Contract -Proposal -Contract negotiation -Procurement document

Contract

Which of the following may be used as a risk mitigation tool? -Vendor proposal -Contract / Agreement -Quotation -Project requirements

Contract / Agreement

Which of the following statements is not true regarding Contracts? -Contracts are legally binding in nature -Contracts obligate the buyer to provide compensation and the seller to provide some product or service in return -By careful administration of terms and conditions, the buyer can transfer some of the risks to the seller -Contracts undergo an approval process as any other plan

Contracts undergo an approval process as any other plan

You are leading a project to develop a new web application. Together with your project team you reprioritize the product backlog, determine velocity for the past iterations, and adapt your work plans accordingly. Additionally, you facilitate retrospectives every two weeks. Which of the following processes describes the work you are performing? -Monitor Risks -Manage Quality -Control Schedule -Develop Schedule

Control Schedule

Matrix organizations exhibit features of both projectized and functional organizations. In a weak matrix organization, the role of a project manager may be that of a: -Coordinator -Manager with considerable authority -Support person -Functional manager

Coordinator

Of the following, which term describes the 5Cs of written communications? -Correct, Concise, Clear, Coherent, Control -Informal, Verbal, Internal, External, Formal -Communication requirements, Communication methods, Communication Technology, Communication styles, Communication models -Emails, reports, Social media, Intranet portal, Press releases

Correct, Concise, Clear, Coherent, Control

You are in charge of managing a software development project that is related to simulations for driving racing cars. In one of your team meetings, it is revealed that a lot of issues have been reported in the air tunnel modelling module. On deeper analysis, it is found that many of the issues could have been prevented had a simple code review checklist been used. You prepare a code review checklist and ensure the code is reviewed per the checklist. This is a good example of: -Corrective Action -Preventive Action -Defect Repair -Quality Control

Corrective Action

Proactive planning will directly affect the execution of a project in numerous ways. Therefore, many project managers appreciate the opportunity to be involved with a project from the initiation of the project. One of the inputs to the project plan execution includes anything that is done to bring the project back in-line. This input completes the feedback loop and it is known as a -Change control -Communication plan -Status report -Corrective action

Corrective action

Which of the following is an output of control scope? -Workarounds -Corrective actions -Transference -Risk assessment

Corrective actions

Inputs to Perform Integrated Change Control include -Cost baseline, Schedule baseline, Scope baseline -Project Charter, Work performance data and Change request -Project charter, Work performance reports and Change request -Cost baseline, Scope baseline, and Approved change request

Cost baseline, Schedule baseline, Scope baseline

As a project manager, you have successfully delivered all project deliverables within stipulated timelines. Your senior management wants you to calculate the Cost of Quality. As a project Manager, what costs would you NOT consider while making this calculation? -Cost of Hiring -Prevention costs -Appraisal costs -External and Internal Failure costs

Cost of Hiring

You are the project manager for the KOY Project. This project requires a quality that maps to federal guidelines. To ensure that you can meet these standards, you have elected to send the project team through training specific to the federal guidelines your project must adhere to. The costs of these classes can be assigned to which of the following? -Indirect costs -Cost of conformance -Cost of production -Cost of nonconformance

Cost of conformance

You are the project manager for the KOY Project. This project requires a quality that maps to federal guidelines. During a quality audit, you discovered that a portion of the project work is faulty and must be done again. The requirement to do the work is an example of which of the following? -Indirect costs -Cost of conformance -Cost of nonconformance -Cost of doing business

Cost of nonconformance

Which of the following is not a tool and technique for the control Costs? -Earned value analysis -Cost of quality -To-complete performance index -Variance analysis

Cost of quality

Which of the following types of contracts has the highest risk for the buyer? -Cost plus fixed fee - CPFF -Time and Material -Firm Fixed Price Contract - FFP -Fixed Price Incentive Fee Contracts - FPIF

Cost plus fixed fee - CPFF

As the manger of a large construction project you are currently conducting a meeting with the project management team to decide on a procurement contract. There are opposing views amount the team members on the type of contract that best suits your situation. In which one of the following types of contracts does your organization, as the buyer, have the most cost risk? -Time and materials -Cost plus award fee -Cost plus percentage of costs -Fixed price incentive fee

Cost plus percentage of costs

A schedule compression technique used to shorten the schedule duration for the least incremental cost by adding resources is called: -Crashing -Program evaluation and review technique (PERT). -Precedence diagramming method (PDM). -Fast tracking

Crashing

You are in charge of a large software development project. As a part of the project schedule, it was planned to complete two core components by the end of October. You are now in August, and you realize that the project is falling behind schedule. You do a quick review and decide that the schedule can be met by adding additional staff to the activities on the critical path. This is an example of: -Fast Tracking -Resource Levelling -Crashing -Scope Creep

Crashing

You are the project manager for the DREAM Project. Should this project run over schedule, it will cost your organization $35,000 per day in lost sales. With four months to completion, you realize the project is running late. You decide, with management's approval, to add more efficient project team members to the project plan to complete the work on time. This is an example of which of the following? -Crashing -Fast-tracking -Expert judgment -Cost benefit analysis

Crashing

You have recently been assigned as the manager of a highly critical national project which should be finished in a very short period of time compared to similar projects. After developing the first draft of the project network diagram you see that the project cannot be finished on time. If the network diagram cannot be changed anymore and you have extra human resources, what would be the best approach? -Risk analysis -Leveling the resources -Fast tracking -Crashing

Crashing

You are the project manager in a company. You have finished preparing a detailed description of the project scope and product scope. What will you do next? -Collect Requirements -Create WBS -Validate Scope -Control Scope

Create WBS

What should be done by the project manager to ensure that all work in the project is included? -Create a scope statement -Create a contingency plan -Create a risk management plan -Create a WBS

Create a WBS

The AAA Cleaning Service Company is in the process of developing and marketing a new yearly bundled package of cleaning services to be available in its Eastern division and has assigned Bob Brown to be the project manager for the new product rollout. There are just a few major deliverables: Develop new contracts, create an advertising campaign, provide service training, and update the ordering system to handle the new product. Management has agreed to Bob's summary of tasks and expectations but wants Bob to tell them how much he thinks the project will cost and how long it will take to do the rollout because marketing is anxious to begin preselling the service. What should Bob do first? -Quit. There is not enough information for Bob to be successful in this rollout. -Start the development of Project Schedule and Project Budget immediately. -Create a work breakdown structure of the tasks to be done. -Give an estimate of six months and $250,000 based on his prior work experience on other similar projects.

Create a work breakdown structure of the tasks to be done.

You are a junior project manager, currently performing schedule controlling activities. You approach one of your experienced colleagues to give your advice on a technique to reanalyze the project and predict the project's remaining duration. She tells you to do this by analyzing the sequence of activities with the least amount of scheduling flexibility. Which technique is she referring to? -Resource leveling -Precedence diagramming method -Gantt chart -Critical path method

Critical path method

A number of different stakeholders are involved in your project, and some of their objectives seem to be conflicting. In general, disagreements among stakeholders should be resolved in favour of -Sponsor -Senior management -Performing organization -Customer

Customer

Which of the following statement about customers and users is not true? -Customers are the person or organization who will approve and manage the product, service or end result -Customers are the person or organization who will use the product, service or end result -If stakeholder expectations come into conflict, the resolution should generally favour the customer -Users are the person or organization who will use the product, service or end result

Customers are the person or organization who will use the product, service or end result

Which of the following is not a technique for Monitor and Control Project Work? -Cost-benefit analysis -Decision-making -Data gathering -Earned value analysis

Data gathering

Which of the following is not a tool and technique to the Develop Schedule? -Critical path method -Schedule network analysis -Leads and lags -Data gathering

Data gathering

Which technique can be used to determine whether it is better to make or buy a component required in the project? -Decision Tree Analysis -S-curve graph -Influence diagram -Tornado diagrams

Decision Tree Analysis

Ken is brought in as a consultant to work on a project execution that is having scope problems and unrealistic stakeholder expectations. Which of the following statements is not true about the project execution? -Scope Management does not have a separate execution process. -The majority of the budget is spent. -Decisions on when and with whom to communicate are made. -The product of the project is actually produced.

Decisions on when and with whom to communicate are made.

You are in charge of managing a software development project that is related to simulations for driving racing cars. During Quality Assurance, a number of issues have been reported in the air tunnel modelling module. On deeper analysis, it is found that many of the issues were due to not understanding the requirements clearly, and now additional time would be expended to fix the issues identified. This is a good example of: -Corrective Action -Preventive Action -Defect Repair -Quality Assurance

Defect Repair

Your team is in its second month of development. You are managing a software development project for a banking product. In one of the team meetings, a debate arises if defects found during Quality control need to undergo change control. Some team members are convinced that all defects should undergo change control, while the others are convinced that defects need not undergo change control. Which of the following statements are untrue? -Defects to deliverables need to undergo change control -Defects to deliverables need not undergo change control -Corrective actions need to undergo change control -Preventive actions need to undergo change control

Defects to deliverables need not undergo change control

You are the project manager for a software company that develops sports-based video games. You have been assigned to develop a new 3D interactive basketball video game. You have just completed the development of the project scope statement. Which of the following processes did you just complete? -Define Scope -Control Scope -Plan Scope -Verify scope

Define Scope

You are the project manager for a construction company. Your firm has been contracted to complete the drilling of a well for a new cabin in Arkansas. The specification of the well is documented, but your company has little experience in well drilling in Arkansas. The stakeholder is concerned your time estimates are not accurate as the soil and rock in Arkansas are much different than the soil in your home state. Which one of the following would not be useful for more accurate project estimates? -Commercial estimating databases -Definitive estimates -Local contractors -Soil samplings

Definitive estimates

You know that the success of your project will be determined by how well you manage risks. You know that identifying risks upfront can help you be better prepared with risk response strategies. So, you decide to identify risks by taking help of experts. You have identified some experts, and rather than calling them to your office, you send them questionnaires. You promise them complete anonymity so that they give unhindered responses. What information gathering technique are you adopting? -Brainstorming -Root Cause Identification -SWOT analysis -Delphi Technique

Delphi Technique

Which of the following could not be provided with Activity Attributes? -Details regarding predecessor and successor activities -Details regarding Leads and Lags -Details regarding who and where the activity will be performed -Details regarding root causes of issues

Details regarding root causes of issues

In your project, you are using cost aggregation, expert judgment, and historical relationships to establish a cost baseline. This is performed during: -Control Costs -Determine Budget -Estimate Costs -Create WBS

Determine Budget

The Cost Baseline is an output of which process? -Plan risk responses -Estimate costs -Determine budget -Control costs

Determine budget

Which of the following processes involves allocating cost estimates in order to establish a cost baseline for measuring project performance? -Estimate costs -Control cost -Estimate activity costs -Determine budget

Determine budget

You have to submit the cost baseline for your project. You have completed allocating the overall cost estimate to individual activities and work packages, you have complete which of the following process? -Cost performance baseline -Determine budget -Estimate Costs -Estimate Activity resources

Determine budget

To Complete Performance Index is used to: -Determine when the project would be complete -Determine the feasibility of the project -Identify the risks in the project -Determine the cost performance required to meet certain objectives

Determine the cost performance required to meet certain objectives

When you started creating a work breakdown structure for your project, you realized that it was too complicated to be done on a single piece of paper. You then started using a work breakdown structure numbering system to: -Determine the complexity of the project -Determine the level at which individual WBS elements are found -Help in automating the WBS using appropriate software -Present justification for the project

Determine the level at which individual WBS elements are found

Rohit works for a manufacturer of automotive engines. He has been recently assigned to supervise and manage the manufacturing of a new model of the diesel engine. He is informed that his new assignment will be to have 500 units of the new diesel engine manufactured in 60 days. He is currently in the process of analyzing activity sequences, activity durations, and resource requirements in order to develop the project schedule. Which of the following process is Rohit performing? -Estimate Activity Durations -Develop Schedule -Sequence Activities -Estimate Activity Resources

Develop Schedule

You are the project manager of a software project. You have just analyzed activity sequences, durations, resource requirements, and schedule constraints and created project schedule. To which process does the above tasks belong? -Define Activities -Sequence Activities -Develop Schedule -Control Schedule

Develop Schedule

Plan stakeholder engagement is fundamentally concerned with all the following except...? -Developing strategies to effectively engage stakeholders throughout the project -Development of the stakeholder engagement plan -Development of the stakeholder register -Development of the stakeholder engagement assessment matrix

Development of the stakeholder engagement plan

In your project, a team member suggested the addition of functionality, which she thinks, will improve customer satisfaction. Your approach would be to: -Allow for the functionality, because satisfying the customer is your objective. -Disallow the new requirement, because it changes the project scope, and the customer did not explicitly state this requirement. -Make changes to the project plan to accommodate the new requirement -Ask the customer for additional funding to implement the requirement

Disallow the new requirement, because it changes the project scope, and the customer did not explicitly state this requirement.

You have scheduled regular weekly team meetings with project team members. Things have been going according to plan and there have been no variances till date with respect to the work performance baselines. A site engineer reports that he had to perform a couple of corrective actions, but they were not logged. As a Project Manager, what should you do? -Reprimand the team member for not documenting the corrective action -Reprimand the team member and ensure the corrective action is reverted -Do nothing; this is bound to happen on a project -Document the corrective actions performed in the historical records

Document the corrective actions performed in the historical records

As an IT project nears completion, a new sponsor is assigned to the project. Although the old sponsor has provided verbal approval of the deliverables, the new sponsor is unhappy with them and asks that several be redone. What should the project manager have done to prevent this? -The integrated change control process should have been performed. -Followed procedures outlined in the communication management plan. -Obtained additional approval from the customer. -Documented the approval for each deliverable with the old sponsor.

Documented the approval for each deliverable with the old sponsor.

Which of the following is a project? -Producing 1000 widgets within a deadline 1 week -A time-bound survey of an airstrip done 4 times a day. -Sending an electricity bill to each unique electricity consumer before the first Sunday of each month. -Doing a literacy survey in a village.

Doing a literacy survey in a village.

You are managing the tools/spare parts section for an aircraft manufacturing company. Your team members have discovered some defective tools/spare parts. The probable cause for these could be materials used, defective measurement systems, inaccurate tolerances in the machines, or other factors. To determine what caused the defect, you will: -Use a control chart -Draw an Ishikawa diagram -Create a flowchart -Draw a Pareto chart

Draw an Ishikawa diagram

Ideally, a project manager should be selected and assigned at which point in the project life cycle? -During the initiating processes -During the project planning process -At the end of the concept phase of the project life cycle -Prior to the beginning of the development phase of the project life cycle

During the initiating processes

You are a project manager for your organization. Emily, a project manager in training, wants to know when the project manager is assigned to a project? Your answer should be: -During the initiation stage -During the planning stage -When the stakeholders approve the budget -After the project is proven feasible

During the initiation stage

You are a senior project manager for your organization. Akio is a project manager in the training department; he wants to know when the project manager is assigned to a project? Your answer should be: -During the initiation stage -Before the project starts -When the sponsor approves the budget -After the project is proven feasible

During the initiation stage

You are managing a project that is scheduled to run for an entire year. Things were looking good after the first two months. However, due to some mistakes made by the construction crew at the end of the third month, you realize that the expected work to be completed at this stage is not complete. As a result, the project is behind schedule and is also over budget. However, there are stiff penalties in the contract if the project is not complete within the stipulated timelines. Your senior management as a result has committed to additional staff to the project if required. What would be the Estimate at Completion for this project? EAC = BAC/CPI EAC = AC + BAC - EV EAC = AC + (BAC - EV/(CPI * SPI ) EAC = AC + Bottom-up Estimate

EAC = AC + (BAC - EV/(CPI * SPI )

You are working as a Project Manager of Andromeda project. You have already completed 40% of the whole work and project is progressing well. Your project sponsor wants to know how much more funds would be required to complete the project. What number would you report? -EAC -Cost Baseline -ETC -BAC

ETC

Which of the following statement regarding WBS is true? -Work included in the WBS is considered outside the scope of the project -For productivity reasons, the WBS should be organized in the hierarchy that models the organizational hierarchy. -The WBS is an output of Define Scope Process. -Each item in the WBS is generally assigned a unique identifier that can provide a means to track

Each item in the WBS is generally assigned a unique identifier that can provide a means to track

The value of work actually accomplished is also known as -Planned Value -Earned Value -Actual Cost -Budget At Completion

Earned Value

All of the following can be used for the risk identification process, except -Interviewing -Brainstorming -Assumptions analysis -Earned value analysis

Earned value analysis

Which of the following is not an output of the Control Costs? -Costs management plan updates -Work performance information -Change requests -Earned value analysis

Earned value analysis

You have taken over a project from another project manager. The project is already in its third month of execution. You need to determine if the project is ahead of or behind schedule. What would be the best source of this information? -Work performance data -Earned value analysis -Project management software -Pareto chart

Earned value analysis

According to Theory Y style of management, which of the following is a correct assumption? -Employees are inherently lazy and not motivated. -Employees need to be closely supervised, and comprehensive systems of controls are to be developed. -Employees are only interested in self-benefits and money. -Employees are trustworthy and are motivated by doing a good job.

Employees are trustworthy and are motivated by doing a good job.

Which of the following best describes Vroom's Expectancy theory? -Employees will put in efforts dependent on expectancy, valence, and instrumentality -Employee motivation is not achievable; employees must be forced to get things done -Hygiene factors will ensure that job dissatisfaction does not occur; however, it does not ensure job satisfaction -People have needs starting with Physiological Needs and ending with self-actualization

Employees will put in efforts dependent on expectancy, valence, and instrumentality

You are managing a software development project in the banking domain. Things have been proceeding as per plan, but with the economic meltdown, the client has had to abruptly shut down the project due to lack of funds to source the projects any longer. As a Project manager, what is the next thing to do? -Free up project resources so that they can be utilized on other tasks -As there are very few tasks remaining, get those completed -Ensure all project closure procedures are followed and lessons learned are updated -Publish work performance reports for the project

Ensure all project closure procedures are followed and lessons learned are updated

As the manager of a large project, including a huge part of procurement activities, you are about to start project closure activities. All final deliverable of the project are validated. What should be your first step in project closure? -Start closing out contracts -Start administrative closure -Ensure completion of scope as per Project Management Plan -Start claims administration

Ensure completion of scope as per Project Management Plan

Which of the following are NOT part of the PMI professional code of conduct? -Ensuring the personal integrity of others. -Enhancing professional capabilities. -Responsibility for actions. -Professional conduct.

Ensuring the personal integrity of others.

You plan to award a contract to provide project management training for your Project resources. You decide that any prospective contractor must have an association with a major university who awards a Master's Certificate in Project Management. This is an example of ... -Setting up an independent evaluation -Preparing requirements for your statement of work -Establishing a weighting system -Establishing a screening system

Establishing a screening system

As a project manager of a project, you have just completed Schedule network diagram. What should you do next in schedule management? -Estimate Activity Resources -Sequence Activities -Estimate Activity Durations -Develop Schedule

Estimate Activity Resources

Paul has been given a project charter and is assigned as the project manager. He is ready to begin progressive elaboration of the scope related documents. Which of the following would not describe the work he would do at this time? -Estimation -Decomposition -Defining Constraints -Creating product scope

Estimation

WBS is necessary for all of the following EXCEPT: -Evaluating the project at its completion. -Improving the accuracy of cost, duration and resource estimates. -Defining a baseline for performance measurement and control. -Facilitating clear responsibility assignments

Evaluating the project at its completion.

Your project team has been known for its excellent stakeholder management skills, and therefore, you are considered to be a leader in this area. You know that all of the following means stakeholder management, except: -Assessing the needs of stakeholders -Identifying stakeholders -Meeting stakeholders' expectations -Exceeding stakeholders' expectations by always giving them extras

Exceeding stakeholders' expectations by always giving them extras

Sadie is leading a market research project that is being conducted through an educational grant from an international think tank. Her project's purpose is to define the buying habits of the typical consumer of various demographics and geographic locations. Therefore, she wants to use different types of root cause analysis techniques that may include all of the following except -Excel spreadsheets -Process flow diagrams -Fishbone diagram -Ishikawa diagram

Excel spreadsheets

Manage Quality, Develop Team, Conduct Procurements and Manage Communications are processes of: -Initiating process group -Executing process group -Planning process group -Monitoring & Controlling process group

Executing process group

While completing work on your contract, the seller is refused access to the facility by your company's security force. If access to the facility is stipulated in the contract, the project manager should: -Expect seller settles the matter -Expect a change order to change the contract from security. -Expect to receive a claim for additional time and cost from seller. -Expect contract termination from the seller.

Expect to receive a claim for additional time and cost from seller.

You have a large complex project to deliver, and you are evaluating different motivational strategies to motivate your team to get the job done. You subscribe to the belief that to get things done and to motivate staff, they must be rewarded with monetary rewards. You believe that by rewarding employees they would get motivated. Which of the following motivational theories are you applying? -Herzberg's hygiene theory -Maslow's theory of hierarchy of needs -Expectancy theory -Theory of coercion

Expectancy theory

Out of the following which is a tool and technique for Direct and Manages Project Work? -Expert judgement, Meetings, Change control tools -Expert judgement, Analytical techniques, Meetings -Expert judgement, Facilitation techniques -Expert judgement, Project management information system, Meetings

Expert judgement, Project management information system, Meetings

You are the project manager responsible for developing a software application based on customer requirements. Which technique do you use in order to consider the customer's change request? -Additional planning -Project selection methods -Expert judgment -Corrective action

Expert judgment

What is the factor that helps a project manager gain maximum support from the assigned project personnel? -Expertise -Work challenge -Authority of the project manager to penalize team members -Authority of the project manager to recommend promotions to team members on the basis of their

Expertise

You are a project manager of a company, and your project is currently in execution phase. The customer has requested you for additional work. This work will affect the budget but not the schedule of the project. What should you do next? -Add the additional requirements to the project plan -Ignore the request -Explain the change procedure and ask to submit a request for change -Discuss with the project team about the change

Explain the change procedure and ask to submit a request for change

Your company has won a large project—administering funds for one of the fund houses. The project work has been going on smoothly and the customer has been praising the work done so far. The client has planned a visit the next month to go over the plans for the next phase of the project as well as to meet with the project team. Your senior management realizes that this client could potentially need additional capabilities in the derivatives segment. Your company has a strong exposure to this segment having executed numerous such projects. Your senior manager also invites key managers from the derivatives segment to showcase the organization's abilities in the derivatives vertical. What is this an example of? -Mitigating the risk -Avoiding the risk -Transferring the risk -Exploiting the risk

Exploiting the risk

You are managing a project related to building a skyscraper. However, as per regulations, no work can be started till the government body has approved and provided necessary clearance. What kind of dependency is this is an example of? -Mandatory Dependency -Hard Logic -Discretionary Dependency -External Dependency

External Dependency

As a project manager, you are expected to calculate the cost of Poor Quality. The project work is in progress. What costs would you consider? -Cost of Hiring -Prevention costs -Appraisal costs -External and Internal Failure costs

External and Internal Failure costs

Which of the following is not a key stakeholder in a project that creates a service internal to an organization? -Project manager -External customers -Project vendors -Project team members

External customers

Martin is the project manager of the NUMERO Project. This project requires several members of the project team to complete a certification class for another project during the 2nd week of November. This class causes some of the project activities on Martin's activities to be delayed from his target schedule. This is an example of which of the following? -Hard logic -External dependencies -Soft logic -Conflict of interest

External dependencies

Your quality process did not meet the 4 Sigma requirements desired by your customer. So, some of your products were rejected and there is a possibility that you would not receive repeat business from the customer. From a quality perspective, the costs associated with the rejected products can also be categorized as: -Cost of conformance -Customer retention costs -Failure costs -Performance costs

Failure costs

Your company has won a project to build a school playground with specific toys and a sandpit. The school has mandated that the project be completed before the school starts after holidays. You review the plan and see that the estimated completion date is nearly a month after the desired completion date. As resources are sparse, you do not have the option to add additional resources. However, you see that the sand pit work can start in parallel with the play kits being installed. Your analysis tells you that by performing these activities in parallel, the project would meet its schedule. This is an example of: -Scope Creep -Resource Levelling -Crashing -Fast Tracking

Fast Tracking

While reviewing the performance reports of your project, you notice that the planned value (PV ) is 800 and earned value (EV) is 640. In this case you should -Fast track the project -Allocate 160 as behind schedule -Make changes to the performance baseline to improve the schedule performance -Inform management why the project got delayed

Fast track the project

You are the project manager for the DREAM Project. Should this project run over schedule, it will cost your organization $35,000 per day in lost sales. With four months to completion, you realize the project is running late. You decide, with management's approval, to change the relationship between several of the work packages so they begin in tandem rather than sequentially. This is an example of which one of the following? -Crashing -Fast-tracking -Expert judgment -Cost-benefit analysis

Fast-tracking

As the project manager, you are reviewing the control chart related to one of the project deliverables, and you find seven data points in a row on one side of the mean. What should be your next action? -Perform the quality measurements again to make sure about the data points correctness -Find an assignable cause -According to the rule of seven this is normal and no action is required -Modify the mean

Find an assignable cause

A software development project has been awarded to one of the many vendors. Your company and the vendor have agreed to build this project using the Waterfall Methodology. You decide to check with the progress regarding when development will start. The vendor informs you that the actual development can only start after the completion of design. Which type of relationship best describes the dependency between design and actual development? -Finish-to-Finish -Finish-to-Start -Start-to-Start -Start-to-Finish

Finish-to-Start

Which type of relationship is often used in Precedence Diagramming Method (PDM)? -Finish-to-Finish -Finish-to-Start -Start-to-Start -Start-to-Finish

Finish-to-Start

Of the following types of contracts, which has the highest risk for the seller? -Cost plus fixed fee - CPFF -Time and Material - T and M -Firm Fixed Price Contract - FFP -Cost plus Incentive fee - CPIF

Firm Fixed Price Contract - FFP

In the following contract types, which one requires the seller to assume the risk of cost overruns? -Cost-plus fixed fee -Cost-plus incentive fee -Fixed Price or Lump-sum -Time and materials

Fixed Price or Lump-sum

Sammy is the project manager of the DSA Project. He is considering proposals and contracts presented by vendors for a portion of the project work. Of the following, which contract is least dangerous to the DSA Project? -Cost-plus fixed fee -Cost-plus percentage of the cost -Cost-plus incentive fee -Fixed-price

Fixed-price

You've decided to contract with a professional services company that specializes in writing custom software programs. You want to minimize the risk to the organization, so you'll opt for which contract type? -A combination of Cost Reimbursable and T&M -Cost Reimbursable -Fixed-price -It does not matter. All contracts are risky.

Fixed-price

You are in charge of a project for the electrical layout of a five-star hotel. You see this as a very simple project as you and your team have a lot of experience executing similar projects. As a result, your organization has a wealth of Organizational Process assets. You have worked out the exact details of the work involved and have a very detailed WBS with granular-level activities defined. You decide to employ the services of a contractor for laying out of the cable trays. What kind of a contract would be the best choice? -Cost-reimbursable contract -Fixed-price contract -T and M contract -None of the above

Fixed-price contract

Bonnie is the project manager for the HGH Construction Project. She has contracted a portion of the project to the ABC Construction Company. Bonnie has offered a bonus to ABC if they complete their portion of the work by August 30. This is an example of which one of the following? -Fixed-price Economic price adjustment -Fixed-price plus incentive fees -Firm Fixed-price -Fixed-price plus award fees

Fixed-price plus incentive fees

The project manager meets with the project team to examine and document the effectiveness of risk responses in dealing with overall project risk and with identified individual project risks. However, the Project Manager found the current risk response plan ineffective in dealing with overall project risk. What should the Project Manager do next to develop a more effective risk response plan? -Focus attention and effort on the areas of highest risk exposure -Develop proper communication methods -Allocate contingency reserves to account for risks -Update the risk management plan

Focus attention and effort on the areas of highest risk exposure

Mike is the project manager for a project with a very tight schedule. The project is running late and Mike feels that he does not have time to consider all the possible solutions that two team members are in disagreement over. Mike quickly decides to go with the senior-most team member. This is an example of which of the following conflict resolution technique? -Problem-solving -Compromising -Forcing -Withdrawal

Forcing

Which of the following is not output to the Close Project or Phase? -Final reports -Formal acceptance -Lessons learned register -Organizational process assets updates

Formal acceptance

Validate Scope is primarily concerned with: -Quality assurance. -Quality control. -Status of work result. -Formal acceptance of the deliverables.

Formal acceptance of the deliverables.

You are managing a project that has teams located in different parts of the world. While the advantage of colocation is beneficial, the team structure or locations cannot be changed. Being an experienced manager, you realize that lack of a proper communication channel can quickly lead to chaos. What would your choice of communication be? -Formal and Verbal -Formal and Written -Informal and Written -Informal and Verbal

Formal and Written

Your project is in a critical phase. You notice one of the team members comes in late to office and leaves early. This is clearly impacting delivery. You decide to discuss the details with the concerned team member to better understand the details. On discussion, you find no specific reasons, so you explain the necessity and criticality of the project, expecting the team member to improve. However, next week, your lead engineer reports about inadequate time being spent by the same person in office. What would be the best choice of communication in this case? -Informal and verbal -Formal and written -Informal and written -Formal and verbal

Formal and written

You are the project manager of the MMB Project. The president of the company has spoken to the project team and told them the confidence and respect he has in you to lead the project to successful completion. The project manager has what type of power on this project? -Formal power -Informational power -Reward-oriented power -Situational power

Formal power

The project that you are in charge has been successfully completed. The last of the deliverables have been formally accepted by the client. You had several contractors with whom contracts were prepared. With the project done, you decide to communicate the completion details and closure of contracts. Which is the best form of communication? -Formal written -Formal verbal -Informal verbal -Informal written

Formal written

Validate Scope is: -Performed at the end of project planning -Essentially same as control quality -Formalized acceptance of the completed project deliverables -Primarily concerned with the correctness of the work results

Formalized acceptance of the completed project deliverables

A project manager is managing a project with team members from many different countries. They begin to work together and learn about the project and their formal roles and responsibilities. However, they are struggling to cooperate, and the project is beginning to fall behind schedule. Choose the two areas that represent the development stages of the team members based on this scenario. Forming Storming Norming Performing Adjourning

Forming Storming

Which of the following is the amount of time that a scheduled activity may be delayed without delaying the early start of any immediately following scheduled activities? -Free float -Average float -Critical float -Total float

Free float

You are managing a project that is in its first month of execution. In one of the meetings, the key stakeholder asks for some changes to be made in the ongoing work. The stakeholder is asking for the changes to be implemented immediately. You realize that the changes being asked for will need the Project Management Plan and the Scope baseline, which have already been baselined, to be updated. As a Project manager, which is the best course of action? -Make the changes as they are being asked for by a key stakeholder -Analyze the impact of the changes on triple constraints -Generate a change request and submit it to Integrated change control -Refuse to make the changes as it is a deviation from approved Scope

Generate a change request and submit it to Integrated change control

A project manager is managing a software development project. During the validate scope process with the project sponsor, the project manager detects some defects in the final deliverables. However, the sponsor has not discovered these defects and has signed the deliverable as accepted. What should the project manager do next? -Generate a change request to correct the defects. -Ask the team to fix the defects. -Terminate the project. -Close the project as the sponsor accepted the final deliverables.

Generate a change request to correct the defects.

You are managing a project that is responsible for setting up an alcohol distillery. Your team is in its eighth month of execution. One of the vendors informs you that the agitators' delivery is going to be delayed by a week. You look up the project management plan and the schedule baselines and decide to set up all the reactors first. By moving tasks around based on your analysis, you see that there would be no impact on any of the performance measurement baselines. What should you do next? -Go ahead and execute the rescheduled tasks as there is no impact on any of the baselines -Write up a change request and submit it to change control for approval -Analyze the impact of the change on the triple constraints and then submit a change request -Do nothing as this would cause changes to the baselines

Go ahead and execute the rescheduled tasks as there is no impact on any of the baselines

You are responsible for managing a project that deals with laying out a freeway connecting two major port cities. Progress on the project has been smooth, and you and your team are very confident on completing the project well within the stipulated timelines. On reviewing, you see that the project has also run below the budget, resulting in savings. You decide to add an extra feature of reflector strips on the road every mile. You do a quick calculation and are satisfied that neither budget nor schedule will slip. You feel that by adding these extra features you could also bag some future projects. This is an example of: -Scope Creep -Gold Plating -Integrated Change Control -Fast Tracking

Gold Plating

As you have a lot of expertise in project management, many of your company's co-managers consult you for advice and inputs. One of your colleagues who is relatively inexperienced in managing projects wants to compare the project work and measure the deviations. Which document should he refer to? Choose the option that best answers the question. -He should refer to the Project Management Plan -He should refer to the Scope Management Plan -He should refer to the Schedule Management Plan -He should refer to the Performance Measurement Baseline

He should refer to the Performance Measurement Baseline

During project integration activities, a project sponsor's role can best be described as doing which one of the following? Acting as a sounding board for the project stakeholders Helping the project manager and stakeholders to resolve any issues ASAP Deflecting change requests for the project manager Showing management the project progress and status reports

Helping the project manager and stakeholders to resolve any issues ASAP

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding WBS? -Provides a graphical picture of the hierarchy of the project -Identifies all the work that needs to be performed -Helps estimate costs and schedule -Helps identify dependencies

Helps identify dependencies

Henry has sent the ABN Contracting Company a letter of intent. This means which one of the following? -Henry intends to sue the ABN Contracting Company. -Henry intends to buy from the ABN Contracting Company. -Henry intends to bid on a job from the ABN Contracting Company. -Henry intends to fire the ABN Contracting Company.

Henry intends to buy from the ABN Contracting Company.

You are probably going to be the project manager for the Andromeda Project and will need as many inputs for initiating the project. Of the following, which is the best source of information you can use in your project? -Scope Statement -Historical information -WBS -The project charter

Historical information

You are probably going to be the project manager for the HOTEL Project and will need as many inputs for the initiation as possible. Of the following, which is the best source of information for your project? -Business plans -Historical information -WBS -The project charter

Historical information

You are probably going to be the project manager for the HOTEL Project and will need as many inputs for the initiation as possible. Of the following, which is the best source of information for your project? Business Plans Historical information WBS The Project Charter

Historical information

You are the project manager for the Advertising Specialties Project. This project will mail each client a pen, coffee mug, and magnet-all to be designed with your company logo and mascot on it. You have worked on a similar project before, but have a new project team for this particular task. Of the following, which is the best source of information for creating the project schedule? -Project team's input -Historical information input -Project sponsor's input -Vendor's input

Historical information input

As a project manager, you are estimating the costs required to complete the project activities. All the following tools can be used EXCEPT: -Analogous estimating -Parametric estimating -Historical relationships review -Cost of Quality

Historical relationships review

In your organization, management is referred to as coaches. As a project manager, you are referred to as a project coach. A resource management plan should be created to handle this scenario. What should it cover? -How coaches are separate from managers. -How coaches are the same as managers. -How a coach is to complete his or her job. -How the project team is to work for a coach.

How a coach is to complete his or her job.

Which of the following best describes the assumptions made by Herzberg's Hygiene theory? -Employees are basically lazy and need to be monitored -Hygiene factors help avoid job dissatisfaction and lead to motivated employees -Hygiene factors help avoid job dissatisfaction; their absence could create dissatisfaction, but they will not lead to motivated employees -Job content factors have no influence in keeping people happy on the job and motivated.

Hygiene factors help avoid job dissatisfaction; their absence could create dissatisfaction, but they will not lead to motivated employees

The ____ is the international organization that controls the standards for quality. -ISO -PMP -PMI -ISCII

ISO

As a project manager you are using an Ishikawa Diagram to figure out what could have cost the potential risks in the project. Which process best describes the process which you are involved in? -Control Quality -Identify Risks -Plan Quality -Plan Risk Responses

Identify Risks

The director (information systems) in your company is in the process of creating a project charter to formally authorize a new project in your company. In this context, what should be done FIRST? -Develop Project Management Plan -Identify a project manager for the project -Acquire Project Team -Integrate the work of the project with the ongoing operations of the performing organization

Identify a project manager for the project

You have been appointed project manager for a new project in your organization and must prepare a project management plan. You decide to prepare a WBS to show the magnitude and complexity of the work involved. No WBS templates are available to help you. To prepare the WBS, your first step should be to - -Determine the cost and duration estimates for each project deliverable -Identify and analyse the deliverables and related work -Identify the components of each project deliverable -Determine the key tasks to be performed

Identify and analyse the deliverables and related work

You know that the success of your project will be determined by how well you manage risks. You know that identifying risks upfront can help you be better prepared with risk response strategies. You discuss and consult with other project managers in the company. One manager suggests usage of SWOT to identify risks. What would you do next as a part of this technique? -Gather team members and experts together and discuss to identify risks -Gather anonymous responses from experts and identify risks -Perform root cause analysis to identify problems, their cause, and potential response -Identify the Organization's strengths and weaknesses

Identify the Organization's strengths and weaknesses

You have just taken over a project from another project manager. Your predecessor PM had completed WBS and initial schedule and cost estimate development. What should you be doing next? -Begin work package execution -Coordinate performance of work packages -Execute the plan -Identify the Quality standards required for the project

Identify the Quality standards required for the project

You are a project manager managing a project that has not been making good progress. Certain issues like a flash flood have significantly delayed the laying out of the plinth for the shopping complex. There have been a lot of escalations from key stakeholders, and executive management is pressing for getting the project on track. In a review meeting, your lead architect, sensing the urgency, suggests a change that could significantly reduce the schedule. She is very confident that the suggested change will work to get things on track. As a project manager, what is the best course of action? -The project is lagging, so implement the change request as it would reduce the schedule -Reject the idea of making the change as this will need an approval from change control -Create a change request and submit it to change control board -Identify the impact of the change on the scope and cost and then include this information in the change request

Identify the impact of the change on the scope and cost and then include this information in the change request

What is the purpose of a fishbone diagram? -Illustrates how various factors might be linked to potential problems or effects -Determines if a process is in control -Shows trends in a process over time -Shows the pattern of relationship between two variables

Illustrates how various factors might be linked to potential problems or effects

You are the project manager responsible for manufacturing a particular variety of soap. You decide to do a statistical sampling for this project because surveying the entire population involves all the following problems except: -Inaccurate data -Very expensive -Longer time -More resources

Inaccurate data

Your company has an emergency and needs contracted work done as soon as possible. Under these circumstances, which of the following would be the MOST helpful to add to the contract? -A clear scope of work -Requirements about which subcontractors can be used -Incentives -A force-majeure clause

Incentives

Your project SPI is 0.86, and the management has recommended that you should fast track the project. You agree with the management, but caution them that fast-tracking could: -Facilitate duration compression -Increase risk -Ensure activities are done in parallel, which would normally be done in sequence -Help shorten the project schedule without changing the project scope

Increase risk

As a project manager of a large product, you and your team have shipped the deliverables to your customer. However, the customer has reported a number of serious issues in the quality of deliverables. As a result of this, the cost of quality of your project is deemed high. In the above scenario, which type of cost would have caused the cost of quality to increase? -Less Rework -Higher productivity -Lower costs -Increased stakeholder satisfaction

Increased stakeholder satisfaction

Which of the following is not a part of procurement documentation? -Procurement management plan -Bid documents and procurement strategy -Independent cost estimate -Procurement statement of work

Independent cost estimate

A project team member has, on his own initiative, added extra vents to an attic to increase air circulation in the attic. The project plan did not call for these extra vents, but the team member decided they were needed based on the geographical location of the house. The project team's experts concur with this decision. This is an example of: -Cost control -Ineffective change control -Self-led teams -Value-added change

Ineffective change control

On a stakeholder analysis grid of Influence and impact, the scale is 1 to 5 with 5 being the highest on each coordinate. The project sponsor would have what rating on the grid? Influence = 2.1; Impact = 4.8 Influence = 5; Impact = 1 Influence = 4.7; Impact = 6.3 Influence = 4.6; Impact = 4.8

Influence = 5; Impact = 1

You have received a number of seller responses for contracting work related to setting up office cubicles. One of the bids received happens to be from a very good friend of yours. You know she has done good work in the past. What should be the best course of action? -Do nothing, and let the seller selection proceed -Ensure that your friend gets the contract as she has done good work in the past -Inform your company regarding the conflict of interest, and disqualify your friend -Inform your company regarding the conflict of interest, and let selection of seller happen with no prejudice

Inform your company regarding the conflict of interest, and let selection of seller happen with no prejudice

In a kick-off meeting for your project, you provided information to your team members about the different process groups to be followed in the project. According to PMI, which are the project management process groups? -Conceptualizing, Initiating, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing -Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing -Initiating, Verifying, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing -Initiating, Planning, Executing, Controlling, and Administrative Closure

Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, and Closing

A project gets is authorized to start in which of the following Project Management Process Group? -Initiation -Planning -Inception -Conception

Initiation

Quality Report is one of the _______________________ of Monitor and Control Project Work. -Core process -Output -Input -Tools and techniques

Input

QC is typically a(n) _________________ process. -Management -Project manager -Audit -Inspection

Inspection

What should be done to validate the scope? -Verify work results -Inspection -Acceptance -Variance analysis

Inspection

Which of the following activities is completed during Validate Scope? -Product analysis. -Creation of work breakdown structure. -Performance measurement -Inspection

Inspection

Which of the following is a tool for the Validate Scope? -Decomposition -Inspection -Product analysis. -Context diagrams

Inspection

You are the project manager of a manufacturing firm that produces machine parts required in automobiles. During a review, you discover some design requirements are not taken into account. You should: -Instruct your team to incorporate the requirements and do an analysis to figure out the potential impact. -Inform your project sponsor that the project may be delayed because of the missed requirements. -Go ahead with production because incorporating the requirements may delay the schedule. -Escalate this issue to your senior management.

Instruct your team to incorporate the requirements and do an analysis to figure out the potential impact.

ISO Stands for __________. -International Organization for Standardization -International Standardized Organization -In Standardized Organization -None

International Organization for Standardization

You are a senior project manager working for a large project. The project duration is 4.2 years and it has 17 phases. During the project, you use many project execution tools and techniques. Since you are managing a large project, you routinely use various types of management skills, such as leadership and communication. These management techniques are commonly referred to as -Supervisory skills -Organizational skills -Interpersonal and Team skills -Expert power skills

Interpersonal and Team skills

Which of the following is a tool or technique of Develop Project Charter? -Interviews -Alternatives analysis -Reserve analysis -Team charter

Interviews

You are the project manager for a project that will create a new and improved web site for your company. Currently, your company has over eight million users around the globe. You would like to identify risks by reaching out to product experts and market experts. This is an example of ___________________. -Root cause analysis -Prompt lists -SWOT analysis -Interviews

Interviews

Which of the following is a tool and technique to the Collect Requirements? -Voting, Interview, Make-or-buy analysis -Interviews, Data Analysis, Facilitation, Context diagram -Data gathering, Interviews, Reserve analysis -Reserve analysis, Context diagram, Mind-mapping

Interviews, Data Analysis, Facilitation, Context diagram

A fishbone diagram is the same as a(n) ______________________ chart. Ishikawa Pareto Flow Control

Ishikawa

You are the project manager of the JKL Project. The project is having some flaws in its production. Which analysis tool will allow you to determine the cause-and-effect of the production faults? -Flow chart -Pareto diagram -Ishikawa diagram -Control chart

Ishikawa diagram

All of the following are tools and techniques applied in Monitor & Control Project Work except -Trend analysis -Decision-making -Root-cause analysis -Issue log

Issue log

You are the project manager for the Pluto Project. You would like to include several of the customers in the project planning sessions. Your project leader would like to know why the stakeholders should be involved as your project team will be determining the best method to reach the project objectives. You should include the stakeholders because _____________. -It generates goodwill between the project team and the stakeholders -It allows the stakeholders to see the project manager as the authority of the project -It allows the project team to meet the stakeholders and express their concerns regarding project constraints -It allows the stakeholders to realize the shared ownership of the project

It allows the stakeholders to realize the shared ownership of the project

Which of the following best describes PDM? -It is a conditional diagramming method to determine the project schedule. -It can be used to draw part of the project schedule. -It is the only way to illustrate the project schedule. -It is same as ADM

It can be used to draw part of the project schedule.

Which of following statements is false regarding the project scope statement? -It describes the project's deliverables and the work required to create these deliverables. -Project scope statement is expanded from the preliminary Project Scope Statement. -It defines what is in scope and what is not in scope. -It defines the milestones.

It defines the milestones.

Which of the following is considered to be the best type of organization structure? -Functional -Projectized -Matrix -It depends on the nature of the project

It depends on the nature of the project

Which of the following best describes PDM? -It is a conditional diagramming method -It is same as network templates -It is same as Activity - On - Node (AON) -It is same as ADM

It is same as Activity - On - Node (AON)

Which of the following is the best example of progressive elaboration? -It is the process of transitioning product to operations. -It is the process of taking a project from concept to completion. -It is the process of taking a project from concept to a detailed project plan. -It is the process of identifying the business needs of a potential project.

It is the process of taking a project from concept to a detailed project plan.

What is the best use of a Work Authorization System? -It manages the timing and sequence of activities that need to be performed -It manages who performs the activity -It identifies the resources needed to complete activities -It is used for comparing actual work against the baselines

It manages the timing and sequence of activities that need to be performed

Risk identification is considered to be ___________________. (Choose the best answer.) -Iterative -Self-led -Management responsibility -Optional

Iterative

Risk identification is considered to be ___________________. (Choose the best answer.) -Iterative -Self-led -Mandatory -Optional

Iterative

As a project manager, you understand the importance of identifying all relevant stakeholders, their interest and influence, and their needs and expectations. You have been assigned to handle a large construction project. You decide to do a thorough stakeholder analysis, and you identify Bob and Kelly. Based on your interactions and analysis, you know that Bob wields a lot of authority and also has a huge interest in the project. Kelly too wields a lot of power but is largely uninterested. You decide to plot them in a Power/Interest grid to help determine how you would manage these stakeholders. Which of the following is the best approach to handle these two stakeholders? -Both Bob and Kelly should be Managed closely. -Both Bob and Kelly should be Kept satisfied. -Kelly should be monitored, while Bob should be Kept satisfied. -Kelly should be kept satisfied, while Bob should be Managed closely.

Kelly should be kept satisfied, while Bob should be Managed closely.

You are the project manager of an educational company. You know that the technical writing team starts editing the project document 15 days after they start writing it. This waiting time can also be referred to as: -Lead time -Project float -Constraint -Lag

Lag

Marilyn is a senior project manager who is working on a project that has a duration of three years and is developed in three phases. During the project, she uses some project execution tools and techniques. She also routinely uses various types of management skills, such as negotiation, resilience and communication. In PMI Talent Triangle®, these skills are commonly referred to as -Supervisory skills -Organizational skills -Leadership skills -Expert power skills

Leadership skills

What are the primary benefits of meeting Quality Requirements? (Choose all that apply.) -Less Rework, Higher productivity, Lower costs, Increased stakeholder satisfaction, Increased profitability -Decreased productivity due to time spent on Quality Requirements -Increased costs due to rework -Decreased stakeholder satisfaction

Less Rework, Higher productivity, Lower costs, Increased stakeholder satisfaction, Increased profitability

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding differences between administrative closure and contract closure? -Contract closure is performed before administrative closure -Administrative closure is not complete without Contract closure -Administrative closure is done only once per phase or once for the project, while Procurement closure can be done as many times as needed depending on the number of contracts -Lessons learned is performed only during administrative closure

Lessons learned is performed only during administrative closure

On your first project assignment as the project manager, you encounter disagreements among highly technical team members. How would you deal with this conflict? -Listen to the differences of opinions, determine what is the best choice, and implement that choice. -Postpone further discussions, meet with each individual, and determine the best approach. -Listen to the differences of opinions, encourage logical discussions, and facilitate an agreement. -He should help the team focus on agreeable aspects of their opinions and build unity by using relaxation techniques and common focus team building.

Listen to the differences of opinions, encourage logical discussions, and facilitate an agreement.

You and a group of managers conduct a weekly meeting for sharing information and project management best practices. Joe who is a colleague of yours explains the need for correctly identifying all the project stakeholders. He explains that in his current project he has made use of Stakeholders Engagement Assessment Matrix. Many of the other colleagues are not quite aware of the need and usage of this matrix. Which of the following is the best choice? -Lists all the stakeholders along with their current engagement and desired engagement -Lists all the stakeholders -Lists only those stakeholders who are Resistant -Lists only those stakeholders who are Supportive

Lists all the stakeholders along with their current engagement and desired engagement

As a project manager you are approached by one of the project stakeholders asking for a change in the project work breakdown structure. The stakeholder brings enough reasons to show that the change does not affect the project time or cost. What is the best action for you in this situation? -Raise the change to your management -Ignore the change and ask the stakeholder to formally request a change -Look for other impacts that the change may have -Since there are no time and cost effects, implement the change

Look for other impacts that the change may have

A project manager has to manage conflict in an organization. Which of the following could be the source of least conflict in an organization? -Weak matrix structure with multiple managers to report to -Low position in the organization hierarchy -Roles that are not well defined -Work pressure and high stress

Low position in the organization hierarchy

According to the latest update of the project schedule, you realize that the project will be completed one month after the desired completion date. You have extra resources on hand and the activity dependencies are preferential. The project is not of high risk at the SPI up to now is 0.89. As a project manager, what would be your best course of action under these circumstances? -Leveling the resources -Shift some of the resources from the preferential dependencies to the external ones -Eliminate some of the activities which are of lower importance -Make more activities concurrent

Make more activities concurrent

_____________ is not one of the tools and techniques used in the Collect Requirements: -Observations/Conversations -Questionnaires and surveys -Document analysis -Make or buy analysis

Make or buy analysis

John is managing a project. The project is about three-fourths done when the site engineer reports that due to inherent complexities in a certain task, the deliverables would get delayed. This would involve additional analysis and then implementation. He requests that this new work, which was not envisioned earlier, be added to the scope and also the time required be added to the schedule. You and the site engineer have analyzed the impact of this change to cost and have written up a change request and requested approval from change control board. Just today, you have received approval from the change control board. What should be the immediate course of action? -Start work immediately -Ascertain the impact of this change to scope, schedule, and cost before making any change -Perform Quality Assurance -Make sure that the scope baseline and schedule baseline are updated to reflect the approved change before implementing the change

Make sure that the scope baseline and schedule baseline are updated to reflect the approved change before implementing the change

The sender of a message is responsible for: -Making sure that the message is understood -Ensuring the receiver agrees with the message -Scheduling communication exchange -Presenting the message in the most agreeable manner

Making sure that the message is understood

You are responsible for the complete makeover of a shopping mall, which involves civil work and painting. After going through the details, you have come up with the cost estimates which have been approved to arrive at the cost baseline. Work is now in progress, and you and senior management are happy with the work. Suddenly, you realize the ceiling repair work was not factored in the estimates though it was very much a part of the scope. You decide to make use of Contingency reserves, but your senior manager advises you to make use of the Management reserve. What is the correct action? -Making use of both the Management Reserve and the Contingency Reserve -Making use of Management Reserve -Making use of Contingency Reserve -None of the above

Making use of Management Reserve

During project execution, a project team member informs the project manager that based on her observations, the project cannot meet the quality standards due to inefficient and ineffective processes & procedures. The project manager meets with all parties concerned to analyze the situation. In which step of the quality management process is the project manager involved here? -Quality analysis -Manage Quality -Control Quality -Quality planning

Manage Quality

You are working as a project manager in an automobile company. Recently the government has amended the regulations to enforce stricter emission requirements for automobiles. As a project manager, you are concerned that your project quality norms may not satisfy the revised quality standards. So, you do an audit and try to remedy this problem through the process: -Manage Quality -Plan Quality Management -Control Quality -Modifications to Quality Management Plan

Manage Quality

The process of communicating and working with the stakeholders to meet their expectations, address issues, and foster appropriate stakeholder engagement in project activities throughout the project lifecycle is called ____________. -Plan Stakeholder Engagement -Identify Stakeholders -Manage Stakeholder Engagement -Monitor Stakeholder Engagement

Manage Stakeholder Engagement

In your project, you are collecting baseline data and distributing them to appropriate stakeholders as required. The information provided includes how resources are used to achieve project objectives. This is done through: -Plan Communication management process -Manage the communications process -Monitor communications process -Earned value management

Manage the communications process

Your team has just bagged a software development project. The executive management is very pleased as this is a very prestigious project. However, you are a little worried considering the complex nature of the project. You decide to try and identify the possible risks. You get all relevant stakeholders together and conduct mammoth discussions. Together, you have come up with a number of risks. However, based on your experience, you still feel that not all the risks have been identified. You decide to set aside some budget for the risks that you have not identified but are sure you will encounter. Where does this budget come from? -Cost Management Plan -Cost Baseline -Contingency Reserves -Management Reserve

Management Reserve

Project Team has created sub-plans for each activity in the project plan. These plans are called: -Resource plans -Activity plans -Sub-plans -Management plans

Management plans

All of the following statements regarding management reserves are true EXCEPT -Management reserves are not part of the project cost baseline but are included in the budget for the project -Management reserve describes the difference between the maximum funding and costs baseline -Management reserves are an allowance for unplanned, but potentially required to manage changes to the project scope and cost -Management reserves are distributed as part of the budget and are part of earned value calculations

Management reserves are distributed as part of the budget and are part of earned value calculations

In your project, you have to complete building a prototype before testing can begin. This is an example of: -Mandatory dependency -Discretionary dependency -External dependency -Preferred logic

Mandatory dependency

Almost all projects are planned and implemented in a social, economic, or environmental context, and have intended and unintended positive or negative impacts. In this context, which of the following statements about enterprise environmental factors is NOT true? -Neither enhance nor constrain the project management options -May constrain the project management options -May enhance the project management options -May either constrain or enhance the project management options

May either constrain or enhance the project management options

You are identifying key stakeholders for your project. Which of the following is not included? -Sponsor -Project Team -Customers and end-users -Media representatives

Media representatives

Change control management is an integral part of the success for a project. A goal of integrated change control is to make sure that product scope changes are reflected in the project scope definition. What is a useful tool or technique that can be used to aid integrated change control? -Meetings -Project plans -Change requests -Configuration management

Meetings

As a project manager in a large organization with various projects similar to yours, you are responsible to report the project status to the top management in a way that quickly and easily gives them the required information. Which one of the following is the best type of report to provide the required information to senior management? -Project management plans -Project detailed schedules -Gantt charts -Milestone reports

Milestone reports

As a manager on a project, you have to ensure that the project delivers within the scheduled timelines with minimal rework and customer delight. For some time now, the project work is proceeding smoothly with a CPI and SPI a perfect 1. One of your team members approaches you and indicates that she might possibly need a long vacation on personal grounds. She indicates this could possibly occur in two months from now. You look up the schedule and finds that this team member happens to be scheduled to execute activities that are on the critical path and her absence in two months' time would cause a delay in schedule. You decide to take some action and ask the team member to start regular knowledge transfers to a couple of trainees. Though the trainees would be relatively inexperienced, they would more than make up for it with two people rather than one person to perform these tasks should this team member need to go on leave. What did you just do? -Mitigate the risk -Avoid the risk -Transfer the risk -Exploit the risk

Mitigate the risk

The key benefits of ____________ process is that it will maintain or increase the efficiency and effectiveness of stakeholder engagement activities as the project evolves and the environment changes. -Plan Stakeholder Engagement -Identify Stakeholders -Manage Stakeholder Engagement -Monitor Stakeholder Engagement

Monitor Stakeholder Engagement

Perform Integrated change control includes the following activities EXCEPT -Reviewing and approving requested changes -Monitoring implementation of approved changes as they occur -Reviewing and approving recommended corrective and preventive actions -Maintaining the integrity of the baselines by releasing approved changes

Monitoring implementation of approved changes as they occur

You are in the process of establishing a knowledge management system for your project. Which of the following actions will be the least beneficial in this process? -Reviewing the lesson learned register -Monitoring stakeholder engagement -Examining the resource breakdown structure -Studying the project team assignments

Monitoring stakeholder engagement

Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding Monte Carlo analysis? -Monte Carlo is used to determining potential project outcomes by simulating the project under different scenarios. -Monte Carlo analysis used expected value (EV) calculations as one of its inputs. -Monte Carlo analysis can be used during the Schedule Development and Perform quantitative risk analysis process. -Monte Carlo is a simulation technique that can help quantify risks associated with the project

Monte Carlo analysis used expected value (EV) calculations as one of its inputs.

Managing is best described as which of the following? -Establishing direction. -Functional controls over the project team and stakeholders. -Consistently producing key results expected by stakeholders. -Motivating and inspiring the project team to produce results that are expected by project stakeholders

Motivating and inspiring the project team to produce results that are expected by project stakeholders

Which of the following is not listed as interpersonal and team skills required to Manage Project Knowledge? -Leadership -Motivation -Political awareness -Facilitation

Motivation

You are in the process of determining how long it would take to complete your project. What would be the best tool to use in this case? -WBS -Activity List -Root Cause Analysis -Network Diagram

Network Diagram

Which of the following statements regarding networking is false? -Networking is a tool/technique of Manage Team process -Networking is a technique of developing relationships with people who may be able to assist in the achievement of objectives -Networking activities include proactive correspondence, luncheon meetings, informal conversations -None of the choices are correct

Networking is a tool/technique of Manage Team process

You are managing a critical project with virtual teams located in eight countries. At times, team members find it difficult to understand and interpret what others are communicating via teleconferencing. From a communication management point of view, this difficulty in transmitting and understanding messages can also be referred to as: -Disturbance -Noise -Interference -Breakdown in encode-decode model

Noise

As per Maslow's theory of Hierarchy of needs, which is the correct order of needs? -Psychological, Physiological , Safety , Love/belonging , Esteem -Safety , Love/belonging , Esteem, Self-actualization, Physiological -Self-actualization , Love/belonging , Esteem, Safety, Physiological -None of the above

None of the above

The project team has added some functionalities to the product that are not required as part of the project. However, the customer is satisfied with the product. From a quality perspective, the action of the team is: -Justified because customer expectations are exceeded. -Not acceptable, because it constitutes gold plating, which is not a good practice. -Desirable as this means repeat business from the customer. -Not ethical as the customer indicated project deliverable is not produced.

Not acceptable, because it constitutes gold plating, which is not a good practice.

Anthony is currently managing a bridge construction project. The project is in the execution phase. During the planning phase of the project, Anthony developed a comprehensive stakeholder engagement plan for the project. However, the frequency of the plan review has not been defined. How often should the stakeholder engagement plan be reviewed by Anthony? -On a weekly basis -On a regular basis; frequency needs to be decided by Anthony. -The stakeholder engagement plan cannot be reviewed during the execution of the project -On a monthly basis.

On a regular basis; frequency needs to be decided by Anthony.

Tom is managing a project and he has scheduled a number of training programs for his team. However, he knows that apart from planned training, unplanned training also takes place in a number of ways. Which of these is not one of the ways in which unplanned training can happen? -Online -Project performance appraisals -Observation -Conversation

Online

Project Management is the application of knowledge, skills, tools and techniques to project activities to meet the project requirements. In this context which of the following statements is false -Only Customers gives requirements -Having Domain Knowledge improves the chances of project success -Project Management Knowledge includes 5 process groups and 10 knowledge areas -Project Manager should have good general management knowledge and skills

Only Customers gives requirements

John is working hard at work on a $5 million telecommunications project that utilizes interactive voice response units to automate several processes that are currently being done manually. His extensive project plan can be described as all of the following except: -A method to identify milestones -A document or collection of documents that change over time -Formal and approved -Only used by the project manager to execute the project

Only used by the project manager to execute the project

You are the project manager of a software company. In your project, you want to ensure that all the operational departments in your organization (e.g. information integrity, data architecture group, servers group, etc.) clearly visualize their project responsibilities. Which one of the following helps you achieve this objective: -Organizational breakdown structure -Staffing plan -Project staff assignments -Resource breakdown structure

Organizational breakdown structure

Cost-benefit analysis and constrained optimization are two general types of project selection methods that project managers utilize when they are evaluating projects. Although various industries have different priorities and agendas, the stakeholders need to be in agreement about the selection process for the project. What is the most important criterion when an organization chooses a project selection model? -Organizational fit -Flexibility -Cost -Capability

Organizational fit

You are a project manager for your organization. Management has asked you to help them determine which projects should be selected for implementation. In a project selection model, the most important factor is which one of the following? -Organizational needs -Type of constraints -Budget -Schedule

Organizational needs

Daniel is the project manager for a factory construction project. Daniel has recently joined this organization and is not fully aware of the organization's culture and structure. In order to manage his project stakeholders, Daniel has to understand his project stakeholders better. Which of the following can provide Daniel some historical information regarding stakeholder engagement on previous projects? -Enterprise environmental factors -Organizational process assets -Project charter -Project management plan

Organizational process assets

In your current organization, from managing projects, you have graduated to portfolio management and have a number of project managers reporting to you. Your company has bagged a prestigious project, which is very similar to the one you had executed some years ago. You ask the current project manager to look up the lessons learned for the past project. Where would these be stored? -Projects performance reports -Projects status reports -Projects record management system -Organizational process assets

Organizational process assets

You are in the process of developing a project charter for your project and would like to use organizational process assets as inputs for the purpose. In this context, which of the following statements about organizational process assets is NOT correct? -Organizational process assets do not include organization communication requirements -Any and all the process related assets that are used to influence the project's success can be drawn upon from any or all of the involved organizations -Organizational process assets represent the lessons learned by the company from previous projects -Organizational standard process, policies, and standardized process definitions are used in the organization

Organizational process assets do not include organization communication requirements

An organization is transitioning from a predictive approach to an agile approach. Historically, the team members have not had any experience with an agile approach. What should the organization do next? -Ask team members to individually learn the agile. -Hire a technical expert on the agile. -Replace the existing resources with new ones that have knowledge of the agile. -Organize internal and external training for all team members on the agile.

Organize internal and external training for all team members on the agile.

Which of the following statements about stakeholders is most true? -The primary concern of the project team should be external, negative stakeholders -It is primarily the responsibility of the stakeholder to make himself/herself known to the project team -Overlooking negative stakeholder interests can increase the likelihood of failure -Stakeholder identification is most important during the initiating process group

Overlooking negative stakeholder interests can increase the likelihood of failure

Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding various activity scheduling tools? -PDM uses parametric methods for estimation. -PDM allows for conditional branching and iteration of activities. -PDM uses analogous methods as an estimation technique. -PDM uses activity-on-node (AON) diagramming methods

PDM uses activity-on-node (AON) diagramming methods

You have asked your team members to provide estimates of tasks. You see that a specific team member has provided estimates on the higher side. You discuss the matter with the team member, and get a reply that as the team member did not have an idea of how long it would take, the team member had guessed the estimate and then to be on the safer side simply doubled it. What is this known as? -Lead -Lag -Free Float -Pad

Pad

Your company has been tasked with providing estimates for a road construction project. You have data available related to costs per square feet. You now need to provide an estimate of the cost of the project based on this data. What estimation technique is most applicable in this scenario? -Top-down Estimating -Parametric Estimating -Bottom-up Estimating -Analogous Estimation

Parametric Estimating

Your company has just bagged a project for electric cable layout and routing for a large shopping complex, and you have been tasked with providing the cost estimates. You choose to rely on your past experience of similar such projects. You breakdown the costs of the cables per foot and unit cost of cable trays. What type of cost estimating technique are you relying on? -Analogous cost estimate -Top-down cost estimate -Bottom-up cost estimate -Parametric estimates

Parametric estimates

Which of the following options best describes Achievement Theory of Motivation? -Employees given a reward are most likely to be motivated -People cannot be trusted and must be governed and monitored regularly to ensure tasks get done -People are motivated by achievement , power, and affiliation -Employees will put in an effort in direct proportion to the perceived review and reward

People are motivated by achievement , power, and affiliation

While planning for a project, you decide to keep a good grip over project risks. You and your team members have come up with the list of possible risks and would now like to prioritize them based on their probability and impact. In which process would this activity take place? -Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis -Perform Quantitative Risk Analysis -Risk Identification -Risk Register

Perform Qualitative Risk Analysis

Your project is in the planning phase and you are paid every fortnight for the work to be done during the fortnight. You have been informed by the project sponsor that there has been a revaluation of projects within your company and your project will not be getting any additional funding. In this case, you should: -Stop work immediately and release all resources -Perform appropriate closure for the project -The decrease in team size. -Remove non-critical tasks to decrease cost

Perform appropriate closure for the project

You are managing an airport construction company. In the middle of the project you realize one of the subcontractors is not meeting the quality requirements as stipulated in their contract. This is a risk that may result in the final product of the project being rejected by your client. What is your first course of action? -Raise the risk to the Sponsor -Initiate a change request -Perform claim administration -Perform inspection & audit

Perform inspection & audit

Supporting details for cost estimates should include all of the following EXCEPT:- -Range of possible estimates -Documentation of constraints and assumptions -Performance measurements -Documentation of how the estimates were developed

Performance measurements

You are managing a project, and to ensure things run smoothly, you have decided to provide project information periodically to all the stakeholders. You have decided that you would report against the baselines for scope, cost, and schedule. Which of the following would be the best choice? -Performance reporting -Status reports -Forecasts -Risk Register

Performance reporting

You are the project manager at the information technology division of a large financial services firm. Your company offers a web-based trading platform that provides options and futures trading for the commodities market. Due to the rise in popularity in futures and options trading, your company has grown rapidly. In fact, due to the rapid growth, the company's infrastructure is unable to meet the growing demands. To keep up with demands, you have been assigned the responsibilities of upgrading the company's network and computing infrastructure. You have already inspected the existing infrastructure defined the detailed project scope statement for your project. You are in the process of developing the WBS. All of the following are outputs of the following process except: -WBS -WBS dictionary. -Scope baseline. -Performance reports.

Performance reports.

The process of identifying the product needs that can be met by acquiring products outside the project organization is done as part of the process: -Conduct Procurements -Control Procurements -Make or buy analysis -Plan Procurement management

Plan Procurement management

You are the project manager for the ASE Project. This project must map to industry standards in order to be accepted by the customer. You and your team have studied the requirements and have created a plan to implement the deliverables with the appropriate level of quality. This process is called which of the following? -Plan Quality Management -Project Quality Management -Control Quality -Manage Quality

Plan Quality Management

You are developing strategies to effectively engage stakeholders throughout the project life cycle. What is process you are working on? -Plan Stakeholder Engagement -Identify Stakeholders -Manage Stakeholder Engagement -Control Stakeholder Engagement

Plan Stakeholder Engagement

You are explaining the importance of Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) to your project team members. In this context, all of the following statements relating to Work Breakdown Structure(WBS) are correct EXCEPT: -It is a hierarchical decomposition of work -Planned work contained in the lowest level WBS components are also called WBS dictionaries -WBS subdivides the project work into smaller, more manageable pieces of work -WBS organizes and defines the total scope of the project work

Planned work contained in the lowest level WBS components are also called WBS dictionaries

The Work Breakdown Structure is created in which of the following process groups: -Initiating -Planning -Executing -Monitoring & controlling

Planning

Which of the following statements are FALSE regarding project cost management? -Portions of the management reserve can be included in each funding step. -The total funds required are the cost baseline plus the management contingency reserve amount. -Funding usually occurs in incremental amounts that are continuous, and hence appears as S-shaped curves. -Management reserves are not part of the project cost baseline but are included in the budget for the project.

Portions of the management reserve can be included in each funding step.

You are a project manager on a US $500,000 software development project. While working with your project team to develop a network diagram, you notice a series of activities with complex dependencies that can be worked in parallel but must finish in a specific sequence. What type of activity sequencing method is required for these activities? -Arrow diagramming method -Precedence diagramming method -PERT -Conditional diagramming method

Precedence diagramming method

Communication can be of the following forms except: -Formal and Informal -Written and Verbal -Precise and Vague -Vertical and Horizontal

Precise and Vague

You are the project manager of a project, and one of the functional managers wants to make a major scope change during the execution of the project. What should be your action? -Prepare an impact detail of the change for the functional manager -Refuse the change -Complain to the sponsor -Ignore the request

Prepare an impact detail of the change for the functional manager

You are the project manager for a pharmaceuticals company. A new government regulation will change your project scope. For the project to move forward and be in accordance with the new regulation, your next action should be? Prepare a new baseline to reflect the government changes Notify management Present the change to the CCB Create a feasibility study

Present the change to the CCB

You are in charge of managing a software development project which is related to simulations for driving racing cars. In one of your team meetings, it has been revealed that a lot of issues have been reported in the air tunnel modelling module. On deeper analysis, it is found that many of the issues could have been prevented had a simple code review checklist been used. You decide to mandate usage of the code review checklist for all subsequent deliveries to ensure other deliveries are less issue prone. This is a good example of : -Corrective Action -Preventive Action -Defect Repair -Quality Control

Preventive Action

You are in the process of numerically analyzing the effects of identified risks. Which of the following are not tool/ techniques you can use in this process? -Expert judgment -Sensitivity analysis -Probability-impact matrix -Probability distributions

Probability-impact matrix

Based on quality control measurements on your manufacturing project, management recommends that immediate corrective action is required to the material requirements planning (MRP) system to minimize rework. To implement the necessary changes you should follow... -The organization's quality policy -The quality management plan -Established operational definitions and procedures -Procedures for integrated change control

Procedures for integrated change control

Your team has delivered phase one of a project to the client. Based on client feedback and issues found by the client, you decide to do some introspection to identify root causes so that the subsequent deliverables do not face the same issues. What techniques would you choose to apply? -Perform Quality Audits -Review Activity Network Diagrams -Lookup Process decision program charts -Process Analysis

Process Analysis

You are a construction project manager. In a formal project management training you are told that you need to collect information on contract schedule, scope, quality, and cost performance along with all change documentation, payment records, and inspection results. You are also told by your instructor that this information can be used for lessons learned and as a basis for evaluating contractors for future contracts. Which document is your instructor talking about? -Close Project or Phase -Inspections and Audits updates -Procurement Documentation -Claims Administration

Procurement Documentation

You are developing the project scope statement. You have specified the deliverables for the project, included the requirements under which the deliverables will be accepted, and explicitly stated what is out of project scope. What else should you include in the project scope statement? -Project exclusions -Acceptance criteria -Project approval requirements -Product scope description

Product scope description

Which of the following are NOT described in the PMI's member Standards of Conduct? -Responsibilities of PMI members -Professional best practices -Relationship with the public and global community -Relationship with customers, client, and employers

Professional best practices

You are the project manager for an aeroplane manufacturer. Your project concerns the development of lighter, stronger material for commercial jets. As the project moves towards completion, the material is defined in more detail after each phase of materials testing. This is an example of which of the following? -Program management -Progressive elaboration -Quality management -Regulatory guidelines

Progressive elaboration

You are a PMO Manager. In your last status review meetings with your project managers, you found out the following: Project Alpha: PV > AC Project Beta: EV < PV Project Gamma: PV = AC Which of the following statements is true? -Project Alpha is over budget. -Project Beta is behind schedule. -Project Gamma is on track. -No interpretation can be made from the above data.

Project Beta is behind schedule.

You are the project manager for the Milky Way Project. This project must be completed within 6 months. This is an example of which of the following? -Project Schedule -High-level Project Assumption -Project Constraint -A well-planned project

Project Constraint

A friend of yours approaches you seeking advice. She indicates she has offers from two organizations. Her role in one organization is that of a project Coordinator, while in the other organization, her role is that of a Project expediter. She is not quite clear of the difference between the two roles and seeks your advice. Which of the following statements is true? -There is no difference between the two -Project Expediter has no authority and cannot take decisions. Project coordinator has some authority and decision-making ability -Project coordinator has no authority and cannot take decisions. Project Expediter has some authority and decision-making ability -Project expediters are found in projectized organizations, and Project coordinators are found in Functional organizations

Project Expediter has no authority and cannot take decisions. Project coordinator has some authority and decision-making ability

You have developed a project plan and the stakeholders have approved it. Your project team is ready to process further. As a project manager, in order to execute the project plan, you would refer to a set of inputs. Please select the most accurate answer. -Project Management Plan, Approved change request, EEF & OPA. -Project Management Plan, Approved change request & corrective action, Deliverables. -Project Management Plan, Administrative closure procedure, Implemented change request & corrective actions -Project Management Plan, Deliverables, Implemented change request & corrective actions

Project Management Plan, Approved change request, EEF & OPA.

A formal initiation of a project links it to the ongoing work of the performing organization. Projects are typically authorized as a result of one or more of the following, except: -A social need -A market demand -Project Risk -A regulatory mandate

Project Risk

A project charter is usually issued by -A manager external and higher in the corporate hierarchy than the project manager -Project Sponsor -Functional manager -Group of Functional Managers

Project Sponsor

Which of the following best describes the role of a project sponsor? -Project Sponsor is responsible for managing the project -Project Sponsor is responsible for managing the quality of deliverables -Project Sponsor is responsible for providing funding for the project -Project Sponsor is responsible for identifying key stakeholders

Project Sponsor is responsible for providing funding for the project

In your project, you are in the process of determining the project roles, responsibilities, and reporting relationships for your team members. At the end of this process, you will define/create all of the following except -Project Team assignments -Roles and responsibilities -Project organization charts -Staffing management plan

Project Team assignments

During the planning development process, at times it is necessary to make certain assumptions to enhance the project plan when the data is not available. In regard to making those assumptions, which one of the following is most true for project planning purposes? -The assumptions are considered as true, real, or certain. -Project risks are reduced when the project team makes assumptions. -Project assumptions are usually based upon historical data used for the project. -Senior management predefines the project assumptions

Project assumptions are usually based upon historical data used for the project.

Which of the following is output for Develop Project Charter? -Project charter -Cost management plan -Schedule management plan -Project management plan

Project charter

Which of the following is not a Project Management Knowledge Area? -Project quality management -Project procurement management -Project configuration management -Project risk management

Project configuration management

Which of the following is output to the Determine Budget? -Project funding requirements -Assumption log -Lessons learned register -All of the above

Project funding requirements

You are the project manager and have decided to outsource a part of the project to a vendor. You have offered a bonus to the vendor if the work is completed in two months. This is an example of: -Project incentive -Project goal -Fixed price contract -None

Project incentive

While doing monitoring and controlling for your project, you notice that the cost variance is negative, but schedule variance is positive. This indicates: -Cost and schedule are not dependent on each other -Project is under budget and behind schedule -Project is over budget and ahead of schedule -Crashing may be recommended to make the cost variance positive

Project is over budget and ahead of schedule

If the cost variance is positive and the schedule variance is also positive, then it indicates that ... -Project is under budget and behind schedule -Project is over budget and behind schedule -Project is under budget and ahead of schedule -Project is over budget and ahead of schedule

Project is under budget and ahead of schedule

The compilation of all the phases within a project equates to ____________________. -Project life cycle -Product life cycle -Project completion -A well defined & systematic project process

Project life cycle

Which of the following is an input to Plan Scope Management? -Project life cycle description -Stakeholder register -Risk register -All of the above

Project life cycle description

Out of the following, which is a tool or technique for Direct and Manage Project Work? -Information system -Project management information system -Leadership -Knowledge management

Project management information system

Which of the following is not an output of Estimate Costs? -Lessons learned register -Basis of estimates -Risk register -Project management plan

Project management plan

Which of the following is not an output of the Sequence Activities? -Project schedule network diagrams -Assumption log -Milestone list -Project management plan updates

Project management plan updates

You are the project manager of a large project. Your project sponsor and management have approved you to outsource portions of the project plan. The _____________________ must ensure that all of the project work is authorized, contracted properly, and funded. Project sponsor Organization's management Vendor(s) Project manager

Project manager

You are the project manager of a large project. Your project sponsor and management have approved you to outsource portions of the project work to outside vendors. The _____________________ must ensure that all of the outsourced project work is authorized, contracted properly, and funded. -Project sponsor -Organization's management -Project Vendor(s) -Project manager

Project manager

Project scope statement describes all of the following except: -Project exclusions -Product scope -Project manager authority -Project scope

Project manager authority

Which of the following is not part of Project Scope Statement? -Project Exclusions -A description of the Project's product -Project manager's authority -Product Feature and Functions

Project manager's authority

Validate Scope is a part of: -Project initiation -Project planning -Project execution -Project monitoring & controlling

Project monitoring & controlling

___________ must be measured regularly to identify variance from the plan. -Stakeholder requirements -Project performance -Schedule progress -Cost and schedule

Project performance

A memo has been sent to you, the project manager, project team members, and the project customers from the project sponsor. In this instance, who is the encoder? -Project sponsor -Project manager -Project team members -Project customers

Project sponsor

On any project, the Lessons Learned document is typically created by ____________ -Customers -Project Sponsor -Project team -Quality Assurance Team

Project team

Role and responsibility charts can be used for all of the following except -Keeping track of who must approve what items -Critical interfaces -Project timelines -Determining who is responsible for what task

Project timelines

You have been assigned as a project manager on what could be a "bet the company project". You realize that to be successful, you need to exercise maximum control over project resources. Which form of the project organization should you establish for this project? -Strong matrix -Project-oriented -Project coordinator -Weak matrix

Project-oriented

Project team members are most likely to work full-time on a project in which of the following organizational structures? -Functional -Weak matrix -Strong matrix -Projectized

Projectized

You and your team have worked hard and successfully delivered a project. The customer is happy with the deliverables, and overall everyone is happy with how the project was delivered. You have written up the performance reviews of each individual in the project team. As a Project Manager, you know that the team will get disbanded and in the next project, you may not get the same team members who so successfully delivered the current project. What kind of Organization Structure does this represent? -Weak Matrix -Balanced Matrix -Projectized -Functional

Projectized

You are the project manager in a company where you have maximum authority. To which organizational structure does your company belong? -Functional -Weak Matrix -Strong Matrix -Projectized

Projectized

All the following are tools for the Estimate Cost except: -Three-point Estimating -Reserve analysis -Cost of quality -Proposal evaluation techniques

Proposal evaluation techniques

You have 15 members in your project team; you have called for a project status meeting without prior notice. There have been too many sidebar conversations and arguments. As a result, you have achieved nothing substantial from the meeting. To achieve orderliness in the meeting next time, you should: -Decrease the number of people in the meeting -Publish a meeting agenda -Ensure that you control the channels of communication -Give incentives to team members for conforming to desired meeting norms

Publish a meeting agenda

You are the sponsor of a project which has just kicked off. This is an ambitious project to build a top-of-the-line 18-hole golf course. Which of the following best describes your role as a sponsor? -Manage changes to the project -Create the Work Performance Baselines -Publish Work Performance Reports -Publish the approved Project charter

Publish the approved Project charter

You are the project manager of the PLN Project. The team members are somewhat "afraid" of you as a project manager because they see you as management. They know that a negative review from you about their project work will impact their yearly bonus. This is an example of which of the following? -Formal power -Punitive / Coercive power -Expert power -Referent power

Punitive / Coercive power

Terry is the project manager of the MVB Project. She needs to purchase a piece of equipment for her project. Which of the following document does she need to create first? -Procurement Statement of Work -Legal binding contract -Purchase Order -Invoice

Purchase Order

You are the project manager of a marketing project and need to purchase some equipment. The accounting department needs a unilateral contract from you. To which of the following is the Accounting department referring? -Legal Binding Contract -Purchase Order -Statement of Work -WBS

Purchase Order

You have been assigned to manage a project that deals with setting up a railway line connecting two cities. The project is complex with a lot of contracting involved. You and experts in your organization are evaluating if the rail line alignment machinery should be purchased outright or if it would be better to lease. The cost of leasing the equipment is $1200 per day, while the cost of an outright purchase is $96000 and a daily cost of $200. The duration of laying out the railway lines is scheduled to be an activity duration of 150 days. Should you purchase the machinery or lease it? Which option would be more economical? -Lease the machinery as it will be cheaper by 84000 USD -Purchase the machinery as its usage beyond the 80th day would be more cost effective if purchased rather than leased -Purchase the machinery as its usage beyond the 96th day would be more cost effective if purchased rather than leased -Lease the machinery as it will be cheaper by 36000 USD.

Purchase the machinery as its usage beyond the 96th day would be more cost effective if purchased rather than leased

You are the project manager for the BBB Project. Stacy, a project team member, is confused about what QA is. Which of the following best describes QA? -QA is quality assurance for the overall project performance. -QA is quality acceptance according to scope verification. -QA is quality assurance for the project deliverable. -QA is quality assurance for the project stakeholders.

QA is quality assurance for the overall project performance.

Conformance to specifications document is a description of: -Quality -Scope -Integration -None of the above

Quality

Which Knowledge Area does not provide input to the Determine Budget? -Schedule -Quality -Scope -Integration

Quality

Which of the following is NOT part of the Control Quality process? -Fishbone Diagram -Quality Audits -Checksheet -Histogram

Quality Audits

Of the following baselines, which is not a part of the Project Management Plan? -Scope Baseline -Quality Baseline -Cost Baseline -Schedule Baseline

Quality Baseline

You have a laundry list of tasks and you are overwhelmed by the ambiguous details due to the large number of deliverables that are required in the next two weeks. Proactively, preparing a checklist o make sure that everything is done correctly as per the process is known as -Quality measurement -Quality assurance -Variance monitoring -Quality Control

Quality assurance

Which of the following is NOT part of a quality plan? -Benchmarking -Cost of Quality -Mind mapping -Quality audits

Quality audits

Which of the following is part of the Manage Quality process? -Benchmarking -Cost of Quality -Design of experiments -Quality audits

Quality audits

You are the project manager for the Photo Scanning Project. This project is similar to another project you have completed. Your project is to electronically store thousands of historical photos for your city's historical society. Quality is paramount on this project. Management approaches you and asks why you have devoted so much of the project time for planning. Your response is which of the following? -This is a first-time, first-use project, so more time is needed for planning. -Planning for a project of this size, with this amount of quality, is mandatory. -Quality is planned into a project, not inspected in. -Quality audits are part of the planning time.

Quality is planned into a project, not inspected in.

Which of the following is most true about quality? -It will cost more money to build quality into the project. -It will cost less money to build quality into the project process. -Quality is inspection driven. -Quality is prevention driven.

Quality is prevention driven.

Inputs to Plan quality Management does not include: -Project charter -Scope baseline -Quality management plan -Requirement management plan

Quality management plan

A project manager wants to update a project management plan. You suggest that the updated project management plan should include: -Work performance reports and enterprise environmental factors -Expert judgment and change control tools -Final product, service, or result transition and organizational process assets updates -Quality management plan, cost, and schedule baselines

Quality management plan, cost, and schedule baselines

In the Plan Quality Management process, which of the following is not attributable to the cost of non-conformance? -Warranty -Downtime- -Quality measures -Rework

Quality measures

Marcie has accepted a consulting assignment with a Fortune 500 publishing company for the development of a line of children's books, and she wants a strong quality policy. Because she is responsible for quality assurance during the project execution, she wants to learn more about the subject. What is the difference between quality planning and quality assurance? -None. Prior to ISO 9000, they were considered the same thing. -Quality planning uses the tools and techniques of cost-benefit analysis, benchmarking, flowcharting, and matrix diagrams to determine how quality should be assessed. Quality assurance does not use these. -Quality assurance is the totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on its capability to satisfy stated or implied needs. Quality planning is planning those characteristics. -Quality planning focuses on identifying which quality standards to use, whereas quality assurance focuses on planned and systematic activities to ensure adherence to standards.

Quality planning focuses on identifying which quality standards to use, whereas quality assurance focuses on planned and systematic activities to ensure adherence to standards.

There are many tools and techniques that are used throughout a project that are affiliated with inputs and outputs of various processes. Some of these aspects include quality planning and quality control. The costs of non-conformance and its impact on quality can be postponed until the end of the project if -The team says -You have a risk mitigation plan -The budget has anticipated that the costs of non-conformance increase over time -Quality planning involves regular audits of the project

Quality planning involves regular audits of the project

A change request from the owner-sponsor will result in a revision of the cost baseline. The cost revision has been authorized by the Sponsor. What is the first thing you will do next? -Influence the factors that created changes so as to prevent cost escalation -Revise the risk response plan -Re-baseline -Inform appropriate stakeholders of the authorized changes

Re-baseline

As a project manager, you want to have an appropriate recognition and rewards system to encourage better performance and reinforce desired behaviour. All the following statements on recognition and rewards system are correct except: -Recognition and reward systems should promote or reinforce desired behaviour. -Recognition and rewards should consider cultural differences. -Recognition for those people, who are dedicated and have worked extra hours. -Team Recognition should be timely i.e. provide throughout the lifecycle rather than waiting for project to complete

Recognition for those people, who are dedicated and have worked extra hours.

As a project manager, you are interested in the personal activities of team members. Other than working with you on the project, the team members love to go out with you for lunch or play an occasional game of golf. The power that you have over the team members is: -Penalty power -Expert power -Reward power -Referent power

Referent power

You are the project manager for a project. You are updating the WBS during Define Activities. This process is often called ________. -Refinements -Updates -Activities -Supporting detail

Refinements

You need to provide estimates for activities on the project. You and your team discuss and conclude that as detailed information is not yet available, the best option would be to use Parametric Estimates. Which of the following is used to create Parametric Estimates? -Critical Path Method -One Time Estimate -Regression Analysis and Learning Curve -Monte Carlo Analysis

Regression Analysis and Learning Curve

The risk register describes all identified risks. Which of the following is not included as a part of the risk register? -Probability of occurrence, impact on objectives. -Reporting formats, tracking. -Proposed responses, owners, current status. -Risk description, category, causes.

Reporting formats, tracking.

Which of the following is not an output of the Control Costs? -Risk register updates -Cost estimates updates -Lessons learned updates -Requirements Traceability Matrix updates

Requirements Traceability Matrix updates

You are preparing the communications management plan for your project by using communication requirements analysis. All the following statements related to communication requirements analysis are accurate except: -Requirements are defined by combining the type and format of information needed with an analysis of the cost of that information. -Project resources are expended on communicating information that contributes to success. -Project resources are expended on communicating information where a lack of communication can lead to failure. -The intention is to prevent overloading stakeholders with minor details.

Requirements are defined by combining the type and format of information needed with an analysis of the cost of that information.

Which of the following is not an input to the Estimate Activity Durations? -Schedule management plan -Requirements documentation -Assumption log -Resource breakdown structure

Requirements documentation

Out of the following which is the Data Analysis technique for the Determine Budget? -Cost analysis -Reserve analysis -Make-or-buy analysis -Variance analysis

Reserve analysis

In your project, you have identified important risks and planned appropriate responses to the risks. Some risks- e.g. possibility of natural disasters impacting the project- have been documented and accepted in your risk management plan. What are the remaining risks called? -Unidentifiable Risks -Residual Risks -Secondary Risks -Accepted Risks

Residual Risks

Which of the following represents a hierarchically organized depiction of the resources to be used on the project? -Work Breakdown Structure -Bill Of Materials -Organizational Breakdown Structure -Resource Breakdown Structure

Resource Breakdown Structure

You are in charge of building a bridge across a river. All the initial groundwork and structural designs have been completed and work is in progress. You know that the next two months will be particularly critical involving some critical activities such as Arc welding of stiffener plates. You know your company employs welders who specialize in this kind of work. However, you are apprehensive about their availability for the next two months. What should you refer to first to find if these welders are available for the next two months? -Milestone List -Pareto Chart -Histograms -Resource Calendars

Resource Calendars

Which of the following is an input to the Determine Budget? -Resource management plan -Work performance data -Schedule forecasts -Risk management plan

Resource management plan

Which of the following are the outputs of the Estimate Activity Resources process? -Work Breakdown Structure -Resource requirements -Activity List -Cost Estimates

Resource requirements

You are the project manager for a new training program at your customer's site. This program will require each of the customer's employees to attend the half-day class and complete an assessment exam. You will be completing the training at the customer's facility and will need a trainer for the duration of the training, which is six months. This is an example of which of the following? -Resource requirements -Assumption -Cost constraint -A human resource issue

Resource requirements

You are the project manager of the PUY Project. This project requires a chemical engineer for seven months of the project although there are no available chemical engineers within your department. This is an example of which of the following? -Organizational interfaces. -Resource requirements -Contractor requirements -Resource constraints

Resource requirements

You have been appointed as the project manager. The project requires a designer for 6 months even when there is no designer available. This is an example of which of the following? -Organizational staffing issue -Resource requirements -Contract requirements -Resource Constraints

Resource requirements

Your project requires an electrician at month eight. This is an example of which of the following? -Organizational interfaces -Resource requirements -Contractor requirements -Resource constraints

Resource requirements

The _________ details the different tasks for members in the project. -Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM) -WBS -SOW -Scope statement

Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM)

You are about to start planning for a large and complex project. Due to the size of the project along with the regulatory and environmental considerations, the development of a detailed project management plan will be critical. As a starting point for initial project planning, what is the first thing you should do? -Conduct a project kick-off meeting to inform and engage stakeholders and gain commitment -Review the project charter to understand the high-level information about the project -Begin the process of identifying stakeholders so they can be engaged as necessary for project planning -Share the project scope statement with the project team for a common understanding of project deliverables

Review the project charter to understand the high-level information about the project

You are the project manager of the WIFI Project. You would like to meet with a stakeholder for scope validation. Which of the following is typical of Validate Scope? -Reviewing changes to the project scope with the stakeholders -Reviewing the performance of the project deliverables -Reviewing the performance of the project team to date -Reviewing the EVM results of the project to date

Reviewing the performance of the project deliverables

Which of the following is an example of internal failure cost? -Rework -Quality audits -Random quality audits -Project team training

Rework

The purpose of a contract is to distribute a reasonable amount of ____________between the buyer and seller. -Risk -Responsibility -Reward -None

Risk

A project manager is documenting risks and their characteristics. Which document is she creating? -Risk Matrix -Risk Table -Risk Register -Risk Response Plan

Risk Register

A table of risks, their probability, impact, and a number representing the overall risk score is called a ________________. -Risk Report -Risk Register -Risk Management Plan -Work performance Data

Risk Register

Which of the following is not a Risk Identification tool or technique? -Risk Register -Documentation analysis -Brainstorming -Interviewing

Risk Register

Project Risk Management includes all the processes concerned with conducting risk management planning, identification, analysis, response planning, and monitoring and control on a project. In this context, all the following statements about risk are accurate except: -A risk is an uncertain event or condition. -Risks have to be identified and properly managed. -Risk management should be done throughout the project. -Risk has only a negative impact on the project objective.

Risk has only a negative impact on the project objective.

Which of the following describes how the various risk management processes will be implemented, monitored, and controlled throughout the project and describe the criteria that are used to establish the risk threshold? -Workaround plans -Risk management plan -Checklists -Risk response plans

Risk management plan

The customers of the project have requested additions to the project scope. The project manager brings to notice that additional risk planning will need to be added to the project schedule. Why? -The risk planning should always be the same amount of time as the activities required by the scope change. -Risk planning should always occur at the project manager's discretion. -Risk planning may be needed whenever the scope is adjusted. -The project manager is incorrect; risk planning does not need to happen at every change in the project.

Risk planning may be needed whenever the scope is adjusted.

As a project manager, you need to perform a qualitative risk analysis. When you've completed this process you will produce one of the following outputs -List of risks with responses -Risk management plan -Risk register -Risk register updates

Risk register updates

You are out for lunch with a fellow project manager. She is in charge of a project that deals with laying out electrical cables across two towns. As you understand the plan of the layout, you realize that the cabling would cover a neighborhood with a history of criminal problems. You advise your fellow team manager that it would be prudent to insure the copper cables through a theft insurance. You also advise her regarding which insurance companies would give her the best insurance covers against theft. Which risk response strategy did you just adopt? -Risk mitigation -Risk avoidance -Risk transfer -Risk acceptance

Risk transfer

Which of the following is not true about Risk Management? -The risk event is always in future. -Risks must be prioritized only by using Probability and Impact. -There are 5 strategies to respond to Threats. -Risk identification should be done throughout the project.

Risks must be prioritized only by using Probability and Impact.

Performance reports organize and summarize the information gathered and present the results of any analysis. Reports should provide the kinds of information and the level of detail required by various stakeholders. So, the Performance reports provide information about all the following except: -Cumulative Cost Performance Index -Schedule Performance Index -Risks of not being able to distribute bonus to project staff -Forecast EAC

Risks of not being able to distribute bonus to project staff

Regarding Rolling Wave Planning, which of the following statements are true? (Choose all that apply.) -Rolling Wave Planning is a form of progressive elaboration. -It is a planning technique performed only once. -Work that is to be performed in the long term is planned in greater detail as compared to work in near term. -It is a form of planning where all the details are estimated upfront.

Rolling Wave Planning is a form of progressive elaboration.

A project is ahead of schedule when: CPI > 1 SPI > 1 CPI and SPI > 1 SPI less than 1

SPI > 1

A project was estimated to cost $ 50000 and scheduled to last 12 months. After three months the earned value analysis shows the following details: PV = $ 15000, EV = $12000 and AC = $18000. The "Schedule and Cost variances" are: SV = $-3000; CV = $-6000 SV = $-6000; CV = $-3000 SV = $3000; CV = $6000 SV = $6000; CV = $3000

SV = $-3000; CV = $-6000

In quality management, which of the following is not an attribute of the cost of nonconformance? -Loss of customers -Downtime -Safety measures -Rework

Safety measures

You are the project manager for the Golden Satellite Project. Should this project run over schedule, it will cost your organization $41,204 per day in lost sales. With 76 days to completion, you realize the project is running late. You decide, with management's approval, to add more 5 more project team members to the project plan to complete the work on time. This will increase the cost of the project. This is an example of which of the following? -Schedule Compression -A committed Project Manager -Expert judgment -Inappropriate project management

Schedule Compression

You are in the process of executing a project that deals with laying out electrical cables connecting two cities. You have been reporting progress on a monthly basis. This month, due to unplanned vacations, many of the staff have not turned up at work. This has caused a delay in the schedule. You decide to check if the schedule variance is within the allowable threshold. What document should you refer to? -Project Management Plan -Schedule Management Plan -Project Schedule Network Diagram -Activity Definition

Schedule Management Plan

Which of the following are NOT outputs of the Estimate Activity Durations process? -Project document updates -Basis of Estimates -Schedule baseline -Duration estimates

Schedule baseline

____ shortens the project schedule without changing the project scope. -Leads and lags -Monte Carlo -Schedule compression -Reserve analysis

Schedule compression

Which of the following is not an output of Validate Scope? -Work performance information -Change requests -Schedule forecasts -Requirements traceability matrix

Schedule forecasts

You are in the process of estimating the number of work periods that will be needed to complete individual schedule activities. All of the following are valuable inputs to this process except:- -Schedule model data -Resource requirements, Resource calendar -Activity List & Activity Attributes -Project Scope Statement

Schedule model data

Tools and Techniques of Develop Schedule include all except: -Schedule compression -Simulations -Schedule updates -Leads and lags

Schedule updates

Conflicts are common and unavoidable in projects. Which of the following are the three most common sources of conflicts in projects? -Cost, Resources, Personalities -Schedules, Cost, Resources -Project Priorities, Resources, Cost -Schedules, Project Priorities, Resources

Schedules, Project Priorities, Resources

You are responsible for managing a project that deals with laying out a freeway connecting two major port cities. Progress in the past has been smooth, but lately in the past few months, you have observed a schedule and budget overrun. You decide to hold a meeting with your team members. On discussions, you realize team members went ahead and made changes at the behest of the client requests on site. You are pretty sure the changes were not a part of the project scope statement. This is an example of: -Scope Creep -Gold Plating -Integrated Change Control -Fast Tracking

Scope Creep

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the Scope Management Plan? -Scope Management Plan is not a part of the Project Management Plan -It provides guidance on how the Project Scope will be verified -It provides guidance on how the scope will be defined, documented, monitored, and controlled -It provides guidance regarding the enterprise environmental factors and organizational process assets that would play a part

Scope Management Plan is not a part of the Project Management Plan

You are in charge of a project, and to ensure things go well, you have had monthly meetings with the stakeholders. The project is running on schedule and budget. You are in your fourth month of execution, but the stakeholder indicates dissatisfaction with the deliverables. Making changes in the deliverables would mean a delay in the schedule. What would have been the most important process that could have prevented this situation? -Scope Planning -Scope Control -Schedule Control -Risk Monitoring and Control

Scope Planning

You are in charge of a project to build a bridge across a river. You are midway through the project. However, due to changes in environmental laws, the project can no longer proceed and would need to be terminated. Executive management has asked you to document the level of work completed for the project. In which of the following processes would this be done? -Project Closure -Contract closure -Project charter -Scope Verification

Scope Verification

Which of the following is an input to the Estimate Costs? -Scope baseline -Cost baseline -Schedule baseline -Stakeholder register

Scope baseline

Which of the following is a subsidiary plan describing how the project team will define the project scope, develop the detailed project scope statement define and develop the work break down structure, validate project scope, and control the project scope? -Scope management plan -Project management plan -Preliminary project scope statement -Detailed project scope statement

Scope management plan

You have finished the project scope according to plan. For the customer to accept the project what must happen NEXT? -Nothing. The plan is complete so the project is complete. -Scope validation should be done -Lessons learned should be finalized -The proof-of-concept should be implemented

Scope validation should be done

Earned Value Analysis is used to measure performance based on a few parameters. Identify them. -Scope and Cost -Scope and Schedule -Scope, Cost, and Schedule -Cost and Schedule

Scope, Cost, and Schedule

As a project manager, you understand the importance of identifying all relevant stakeholders, their interest and influence, and their needs and expectations. You have been assigned to handle a large construction project. You decide to do a thorough stakeholder analysis, and you identify Laura and Sean. Based on your interactions and analysis, you know that both Sean and Laura are low in the pecking order and so they do not wield any significant authority or power. However, where it differs is in their interest in the project. Laura has a lot of interest, while Sean is disinterested. You decide to plot them in a Power/Interest grid to help determine how you would manage these stakeholders. Which of the following is the best approach to handle these two stakeholders? -Both Sean and Laura should be kept informed. -Sean should be monitored, and Laura should be kept informed. -Both Sean and Laura should be monitored. -Sean should be kept informed, and Laura should be monitored.

Sean should be monitored, and Laura should be kept informed.

You are nearing project completion and your company is bidding for a new project. You can bag the contract by providing some confidential information that was provided to you by your previous client. What should you do? -Provide the information -Provide the information but do not disclose the client name -Provide only major information and no details -Seek permission from your client before you disclose any information

Seek permission from your client before you disclose any information

If a person desires to excel in his tasks, as per Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, what type of need is the person exhibiting? -Love or Belonging -Physiological -Self-actualization -Safety

Self-actualization

You have replaced an earlier project manager in a project .The earlier project manager has left the organization and you are now responsible for the project. On reviewing the project management plan you are disturbed because a number of procurement contracts have been signed off and they all turn out to be Cost plus fixed fee types of contracts. Why are you worried? -All the risk is now with the seller -Contracts should always be T and M -Seller has no motivation to control cost and cost could spiral -Contracts should always be Fixed Price

Seller has no motivation to control cost and cost could spiral

As a project manager of a project, you have just completed Schedule network diagram. Which of the following schedule management activities have you completed? -Estimate Activity Resources -Sequence Activities -Estimate Activity Durations -Develop Schedule

Sequence Activities

Over lunch, you meet a colleague who is managing a large turnover project for setting up a chemical plant. Your colleague is worried because the client is being unreasonable and asking for changes that will have a severe impact on the scope schedule and cost. The client is also not ready to absorb the additional impact on schedule and cost. She seeks your advice. What should she do? -Refuse to budge and not make any changes -Request her executive management to initiate legal action against the client -Ultimately the customer is always right, so go ahead and make the changes and absorb the impact on cost, schedule, and scope -Set up a meeting with the client to better understand the need of the changes being asked for

Set up a meeting with the client to better understand the need of the changes being asked for

You are a project manager at a utility company. Due to the recent rise in the cost of petroleum, the market demand for cheaper, alternate forms of energy have grown exponentially. Your company has identified, a multi-billion dollar market opportunity for alternate forms of energy. However, your organization does not have enough resources and expertise to exploit this market opportunity. Hence your organization has decided to form joint ventures and risk-sharing relationship with various other utility companies to coordinate research and development activities. Which of the following best describes the best strategy you are using with this market opportunity? -Enhance -Share -Avoidance -Exploit

Share

Rebecca has created the project charter but cannot get it approved by senior management. Her manager and boss have asked her to begin the project anyway. Which of the following actions is the best thing to do? -Focus on other projects that have a signed charter. -Start work on critical path tasks. -Update the Project Risk Log. -Show the manager the impact of proceeding without approval.

Show the manager the impact of proceeding without approval.

Mary is the project manager of the JHG Project. She has created a procurement Statement of Work (SOW) for a seller. For Mary's SOW to be a legal contract, what must be included? -Affidavit of agreement -Signatures of both parties agreeing to SOW -Signature of seller -Signature of Mary

Signatures of both parties agreeing to SOW

In Develop Schedule process, you create a distribution of probable duration for each activity and use it to calculate the distribution of probable results for the total project. The technique that you are using is: -Parametric estimating -Mathematical analysis -Simulations -Resource leveling

Simulations

As the manager of a highly critical project, you walk into your office and receive a phone call from your client notifying you that they need an urgent review meeting about the delay that occurred in the delivery of one of the major pieces of equipment for the project. You open your email and you get bombarded with the emails coming from two of your team about a conflict that started between them this morning. After a few minutes you get a phone call from one of them while the other one shows up at your office. Which conflict resolution technique would you use immediately? -Collaborating -Forcing -Compromising -Smoothing

Smoothing

Which of the following models of conflict resolution allows a cooling-off period, but seldom resolves the issue in the long term? -Problem-solving -Collaboration -Forcing -Smoothing

Smoothing

Of the following, which one is an example of informal communications? -Social media -Speeches -Presentation to a group -Stakeholder Briefings

Social media

ou are the project manager for the YANKEE Project. This project will impact several lines of business at completion. Each milestone in the project is scheduled to end so the work does not impact current business cycles. This is an example of which one of the following? -Alternatives Identification -Expert judgment -WBS scheduling -Soft logic

Soft logic

Which of the following statements is true about a milestone? -"Approval of Requirements document" by the client is estimated to take 1 day. Without requirements approval, the team cannot move ahead in the project. "Approval of Requirements document" is an important milestone. -The terms phase and milestone are synonymous. -Sometimes, key milestones are defined as part of the contract. -All of the above

Sometimes, key milestones are defined as part of the contract.

In your project, your subcontracting requirements of the state-of-the-art software system which are very demanding. Hence, you have determined the technical criteria to evaluate the sellers. This is an example of: -Objective evaluation criteria -Source selection criteria -Statement of work -Work breakdown structure

Source selection criteria

A relatively new project manager, Linda, joins your company. You have assigned her to a project that deals with laying out of electrical cables. One day, she informs you that some government body has been sending her a lot of queries related to the project and its layout. It seems that she did not consider the government body a stakeholder. You decide to review the list of identified Stakeholders, so you ask her to provide you with the comprehensive list. Where will this information be found? -Project Management Plan -Stakeholder Engagement Plan -Stakeholder Engagement Matrix -Stakeholder Register

Stakeholder Register

You are managing a software development project. During the execution phase, you find that one of the project stakeholders has left the project because he has finished up his part. Which of the following documents is most likely to be updated next? -Communication Management Plan -Stakeholder Engagement Plan -Stakeholder Register -Project Management Plan

Stakeholder Register

Performance reporting involves collecting and disseminating performance information to provide stakeholders with information about the project status. Which one of the following will not be used while preparing Work performance reports? -Variance analysis -Earned value analysis -Stakeholder analysis -Defect Analysis

Stakeholder analysis

You are engaged in gathering information from stakeholders regarding whose interests should be taken into account throughout the project. This is called: -Stakeholder analysis -Identify stakeholders -Expert judgment -Plan stakeholder engagement

Stakeholder analysis

Categorizing identified stakeholders can assist the project team in building valuable relationships with these stakeholders as the project progresses. All of the following techniques are useful for this purpose except for -Stakeholder engagement assessment matrix (SEAM) -Salience model -Stakeholder cube -Power/interest grid

Stakeholder engagement assessment matrix (SEAM)

All the following are inputs to the Estimate Activity Durations except -Activity lists -Resource requirements -Stakeholder register -Both A & B

Stakeholder register

Jim is managing a road network design project for a government agency. He is currently carrying out the Plan Stakeholder engagement process for the project. Which of the following documents will provide the list of project stakeholders to Jim for this process? -Project management plan -Enterprise environmental factors -Stakeholder register -Organizational process assets

Stakeholder register

Project documents that may be updated as a result of carrying out the Control Quality process include all of the following except: -Issue log -Risk register -Test and evaluation documents -Stakeholder register

Stakeholder register

Which of the following is not an input to Define Scope? -Project charter -Stakeholder register -Scope management plan -Risk register

Stakeholder register

Given the network diagram, what's the critical path? Activity A (Duration = 6 days) and Activity E (Duration = 8 days) are first activities in the network. Activity B (Duration = 3 days) is the successor of Activity A. Activity D (Duration = 2 days) is the successor of Activity A and Activity E. Activity C (Duration = 4 days) is the successor of Activity B and Activity D. Activity F (Duration = 2 days) is the successor of Activity E. Activity G (Duration = 1 day) is the successor of Activity D and Activity F. Start-A-B-C-End Start-A-D-G-End Start-E-D-C-End Start-E-F-G-End

Start-E-D-C-End

For a large and complex project with cross-functional project needs, the following organizational structure gives considerable authority to the project manager: -Strong Matrix Organization -Balanced Matrix Organization -Weak Matrix Organization -Functional Organization

Strong Matrix Organization

While reviewing your project's performance, you discover a significant variance. If the issue is not fixed before the next customer inspection, your project might be canceled. However, after a further review conducted by the project team, you are glad to hear that bringing the project back on track requires only a minor correction to a configuration element. What should you do first? -Implement the corrective action -Submit a change request -Consult the project sponsor -Delay the customer inspection

Submit a change request

Product Lifecycle can be defined as: -Sum/Collection of all the project phases -Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring & Controlling, Closing -Conceptualization of a new and unique product and delivering it in a specified timeline. -Sum/Collection of all projects and operations starting from feasibility study till the retirement of the product.

Sum/Collection of all projects and operations starting from feasibility study till the retirement of the product.

You are in charge of performing the financial analysis for a troubled project in your company. The project is currently on hold and based on the results of your work, top management will decide on continuing or dropping the project. Which category of costs should you not consider in your analysis? -Variable Costs -Fixed Costs -Sunk Costs -Indirect Costs

Sunk costs

Sandra is managing a new supersonic aircraft design project. This is a huge project and the success of this project is very critical for her organization. For such mission-critical projects, which of the following is the most desirable engagement level for all major project stakeholders? -Neutral stakeholders -Resistant stakeholders -Leading stakeholders -Supportive stakeholders

Supportive stakeholders

The customer communicates a request for a change in your project plan. What should be your first step towards addressing the change request? -Talk with team members to understand the implications of the change -Communicate the change to the management to get their inputs -Present cost impact to the management -Implement the change and communicate to the customer

Talk with team members to understand the implications of the change

In your project, you are in the process of determining the project roles, responsibilities and reporting relationships for your team members. Which of the following is not used for this process? -Activity resource requirements -Enterprise environmental factors -Organizational process assets -Team performance assessments

Team performance assessments

Tyler is a database administrator and developer, whose work is always on time, accurate, and quality. He also has a reputation for being a "good guy" and is well-liked. You, as a project manager will make note of this information in: -RACI chart -Team performance assessments -Work performance information -Project Team assignments

Team performance assessments

You are a software development project manager and most of your team members operate from remote locations without the benefit of face-to-face contact. One of your major concerns is to build trust among the team members. Which of the following will help you the most in doing so? -Establishing Ground Rules -Training -Team-building activities -Co-Location

Team-building activities

You and your team have just created a schedule network diagram. You have come up with the estimates and have defined the durations and subsequently have identified the Critical Path. You now decide to do a Forward Pass" through the Schedule Network Diagram. What would you be calculating?" -The Early Start and Early Finish for each activity -The latest start and latest finish for each activity -The duration of the other paths -The duration of the critical path

The Early Start and Early Finish for each activity

You and your team have just created a schedule network diagram. You have come up with the estimates and have defined the durations and subsequently have identified the Critical Path. You now decide to do a Backward Pass" through the Schedule Network Diagram. What would you be calculating?" -The Early Start and Early Finish for each activity -The Late Start and Late Finish for each activity -The duration of paths other than the critical path -The duration of the critical path

The Late Start and Late Finish for each activity

You are part of a project team designing a new type of a vehicle. You are about to begin work on a work package for the braking system of the vehicle and want to review the acceptance criteria before starting the work. Where can you find this information? -Project management plan -Activity attributes -Requirements documentation -The WBS dictionary

The WBS dictionary

enny is developing a WBS for her project. She knows that her organization believes this is important, but she is struggling with the structure and content of the WBS. Which of the following are not items that will help her? -The WBS elements should be structured by the organizational unit. -Think through how each component contributes to the finished deliverable. -All significant reporting items should be included in the WBS. -WBS should be decomposed to the level where an estimation of time, cost and resources can be easily done.

The WBS elements should be structured by the organizational unit.

The triple constraints of Project Management are areas that project managers should focus upon to provide more reliable and positive outcomes on a project. Project success is based heavily upon the control of cost, schedule, and scope, as well as -The acceptance is given by the -customer -The human resources of the customer -The level at which the project was under budget -Very few lessons learned

The acceptance is given by the customer

You are the project manager for the North Star Project. You and your project team are preparing the final project plan. Of the following, which one is a project plan development constraint you and your team must consider? -The budget as assigned by management -Project plans from similar projects -Project plans from similar projects that have failed -Interviews with Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) who have experience with the project work in your project plan

The budget as assigned by management

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding Fixed Price Contract? -The buyer has the least risk in this type of contract if scope is clearly defined -Changes can be made in scope by the buyer with no impact on cost -This contract should be your choice if you need work to begin right away -All of the above

The buyer has the least risk in this type of contract if scope is clearly defined

Two team members are arguing over how to organize the work packages in the WBS. One says the work packages should be arranged in the order the work is planned to be carried out, while the other insists the order of the work packages in the WBS does not matter. What is the project manager's best response? -Work is decomposed and sequenced in the Define Activities process. -Any approach is good as long as the team members avoid conflict. -The chronological order of tasks is defined in the Sequence Activities process. -The approach should be defined by the project management office (PMO).

The chronological order of tasks is defined in the Sequence Activities process.

The unique identifiers assigned to each item of a WBS are often known collectively as: -The work package codes -The project identifiers -The code of accounts -The element accounts

The code of accounts

George is the project manager of the 7YH Project. In this project, George considers the relation between himself and the customer to be of utmost importance. Which one of the following is a valid reason for George's belief in the importance of the relationship between the customer and himself? -The customer will complete George's performance evaluation. A poor communication model between George and the customer will affect his project bonus. -The customer is not familiar with project management. George must educate the customer on the process. -The customer is always right. -The communication between the customer and George can convey the project objectives more clearly than can the language in the project contract.

The communication between the customer and George can convey the project objectives more clearly than can the language in the project contract.

Generally speaking, an advantage of a fixed price contract is -The cost risk is higher. -The cost risk is lower. -There is a medium amount of risk. -The risk is shared by all parties.

The cost risk is lower.

All of the following statements about critical paths are false, except -The critical path is always the shortest possible duration to complete the project -Critical path will always have the maximum number of activities -The critical path has the most important activities of the project -Of all paths in a network diagram, Critical path requires most of Project manager's effort

The critical path is always the shortest possible duration to complete the project

You are the project manager for the LIMA Project. Richard, a project team member, is confused about network diagrams. Specifically, he wants to know what the critical path is in a network diagram. Your answer is which one of the following? -The critical path is the network that hosts the activities most critical to project success. -The critical path is the path with the longest duration. -Activities on the critical path must be performed first otherwise the entire project will be delayed. -The critical path is the path from start to completion with no deviation from the project plan.

The critical path is the path with the longest duration.

Project Success is measured by - -The degree to which the project satisfies its time and budget objectives. -Triple Constraints of cost, schedule and technical performance. -Product and project quality, timeliness, budget, compliance, and degree of customer satisfaction. -The degree to which the project satisfies the needs for which it was undertaken.

The degree to which the project satisfies the needs for which it was undertaken.

You are a project manager for the Andromeda Project. Foira, a project team member, is confused about network diagrams. Specifically, she is confused with the following statements. She wants to know which one is not correct about the critical path. Your answer should be which one of the following? -The critical path has zero floats on all the activities. -The critical path is the path with the longest duration. -The delayed project can have multiple critical paths. -The critical path is the shortest possible duration to finish the project.

The delayed project can have multiple critical paths.

You have recently joined an organization's project management office. After reviewing the organizational assets, you realize that project managers have not routinely documented lessons learned for their projects. There are a few projects that are about to start. You decide to call up a meeting of all the project managers and explain the need of Lessons Learned. In order to get a buy-in from your managers, what would you focus on as the best use of this document? -It helps the team to plan tasks -It helps in performance reporting -It will help the manager to better control the project -The historical information can be used for other projects

The historical information can be used for other projects

As of the fourth month, on the project, cumulative planned expenditures were $ 100000. Actual expenditures totalled $ 120000. How is the project doing? -It is ahead of its schedule. -It is in trouble because of cost overrun. -It will finish within the original budget. -The information is insufficient to make an assessment.

The information is insufficient to make an assessment.

In a make or buy analysis, you will prefer making the product/service in-house in all the following cases except: -The item under consideration is a capital item which can be used for other projects in the same organization (in other words, there is an ongoing need for the item). -Your organization is going through a slack period, and some resources, who can produce the product in-house, are underutilized. -The item under consideration is not part of your core business, but your company has the skills for developing the product in-house if required. -The item under consideration is proprietary or business-critical product which is a part of the core business for the company.

The item under consideration is not part of your core business, but your company has the skills for developing the product in-house if required.

In a make or buy analysis, you will prefer making the product/service in-house in all the following cases EXCEPT: -The item under consideration is a capital item which can be used for other projects in the same organization (in other words, there is an ongoing need for the item). -Your organization is going through a slack period, and some resources, who can produce the product in-house, are underutilized. -The item under consideration is proprietary or business-critical product which is a part of the core business for the company. -The item under consideration is not part of your core business, but your company has the skills for developing the product in-house, if required

The item under consideration is not part of your core business, but your company has the skills for developing the product in-house, if required

Gordon is currently developing his project's stakeholder engagement strategy. All enterprise environmental factors should be considered during this process. Which of the following enterprise environmental factors should be paid special attention during this process? -Commercial databases -The organization's culture and structure -Project templates -Lessons learned from past similar projects

The organization's culture and structure

A project can have many risks with high impact, but the overall risk score is low. How is this possible? -The risk scores are graded on a bell curve. -The probability of each risk is low. -The impact of each risk is not accounted for until it comes to fruition. -Project Manager is responsible for determining the risk impact while Project Sponsor determines the risk score.

The probability of each risk is low.

Before starting a project, the most important thing is we first need to define clearly: -The problems or opportunities that drive the initiation of the project. -Stakeholders of the projects and their needs. -Resources and budgets available for the project. -Only the budget available for the project.

The problems or opportunities that drive the initiation of the project.

You are the project manager for the Quasar Project. You and your project team are about to enter into the activity duration estimating process. Which of the following will not be helpful in your meeting? -Constraints -Assumptions -The project charter -Resource requirements

The project charter

You are responsible for a project with high risks particularly during the early phases. Your sponsor has asked for performance reports on a monthly basis. At the end of the first month, you report a CPI greater than 1 and also the SPI greater than 1. What would this mean? -The project is behind schedule and over budget -The project is ahead of schedule and under budget -The project is ahead of schedule but over budget -The project is behind schedule but under budget

The project is ahead of schedule and under budget

Your company has won a prestigious project that deals with building software to be used on spaceships landing on the moon. After building the schedule network diagram, you identify the critical path and also a number of near-critical paths. What does this mean with respect to Risks related to Project Schedule? -The project is at high risk of meeting its schedule, considering additional near-critical paths -The project has no risks of meeting its schedule, considering additional near-critical paths -Near-critical path will have no impact on the schedule; hence, no risks at all -The near-critical path activities have a lot of Float, so there is no fear of not meeting the project completion

The project is at high risk of meeting its schedule, considering additional near-critical paths

A project manager is working on a large construction project. His plan says that the project should end up costing $1.5 million, but he's concerned that he's not going come in under budget. He's spent $950,000 of the budget so far, and he calculates that he's 57% done with the work, and he doesn't think he can improve his efficiency beyond 1.05. Which of the following BEST describes the current state of the project? -The project is likely to come in under budget -The project is likely to exceed its budget -The project right on target -There is no way to determine this information

The project is likely to exceed its budget

A project is reporting a negative Cost Variance. What does this mean? -The project is under Budget -The project is over Budget -The project is running as per Budget -None of the above

The project is over Budget

You are in your third month of project execution, which is expected to continue for a duration of 14 calendar months. Your sponsor has asked for a performance report. You decide to create an "S curve". Based on the S curve, you report your Actual Cost, which is more than the Earned Value. Also, the Planned Value is greater than the Earned Value. What would be the interpretation of this data? -The project is over budget and behind schedule -The project is on schedule and on budget -The project is over budget but on schedule -The project is on budget but behind schedule

The project is over budget and behind schedule

During the construction of a large manufacturing facility, the expected delivery of a very critical piece of manufacturing equipment purchased by the buyer, but to be installed by the project's general contractor, was significantly delayed by six weeks. The original estimated delivery date for this equipment was provided to all the general contractors that bid the project as part of the bid documents. The bidders were specifically instructed to depend on this delivery date during the preparation of these bids. How should the buyer's project manager deal with the general contractor? -The project manager should inform the general contractor immediately of the pending problem, and direct him to adjust his schedule to accommodate the new equipment delivery date. -The project manager should inform the general contractor immediately of the pending problem, and expect an estimate of the impact to the general contractor's work as provided under the changes clause of the contract documents. -The project manager should inform the general contractor of the problem just before the equipment arrives. -The project manager should work with the general contractor to get schedule relief from the equipment manufacturer.

The project manager should inform the general contractor immediately of the pending problem, and expect an estimate of the impact to the general contractor's work as provided under the changes clause of the contract documents.

A project manager has just closed the design phase for an engine development project and is scheduled to perform a phase gate with the steering committee facilitated by the Project Management Office (PMO). What is the purpose of performing the phase gate? -The project performance is compared to the project management plan to determine if the project should be changed, terminated, or continue as planned -To define, maintain, and manager the scope of the project -To receive continued support and manage expectations -Obtain final acceptance of the project deliverables from relevant stakeholders in order to confirm that project scope and deliverables were achieved

The project performance is compared to the project management plan to determine if the project should be changed, terminated, or continue as planned

You are CEO of a small eCommerce Company. Your customers use web & mobile application created by your company to make online transactions. Your company is doing well. The number of users has increased by 100% in the last 37 weeks. Due to this load on servers, the users are facing slow response times. They often have to wait for as much as 53 seconds for a transaction to complete. In recent weeks the customers have started complaining and dropping out. You believe that the problems will go away once your data centre is upgraded with new servers. You appoint a vendor to do this job who had previously developed the web application for you. Based on your previous experience, you are confident that the vendor will be able to assist you with data centre upgrade. Which of the following is true? -The project started because of market demand and Vendor's expertise is a constraint. -The project started because of market demand and Vendor's expertise is an assumption. -The project started because of business need and Vendor's expertise is a constraint. -The project started because of business need and Vendor's expertise is an assumption.

The project started because of market demand and Vendor's expertise is an assumption.

What is the benefit of using a co-located team? -The project team is dispersed so the team is self-led. -The project team is dispersed so communication increases. -The project team is in the same physical location so their ability to work as a team is enhanced. -The project team is in the same physical location so project costs are greatly reduced.

The project team is in the same physical location so their ability to work as a team is enhanced.

n the context of a desirable model of communication between a sender and a receiver, all the following statements are correct except: -Noise should be minimized. -The receiver must decode and reply to the message. -The receiver should acknowledge and agree with the message sent by the sender. -Receiver should send a feedback message to the sender.

The receiver should acknowledge and agree with the message sent by the sender.

In your project, you have established tools to ensure that appropriate information is available to project stakeholders in a timely manner. In this context, if there is a conversation taking place using a sender-receiver model, which of the following statements is not correct: -The sender is responsible for making the information clear, unambiguous, and complete. -The receiver confirms that the information is properly understood. -The receiver is responsible for making sure that the information is completely received and understood. -The receiver should agree with the sender about the message being communicated

The receiver should agree with the sender about the message being communicated

Mike, a project manager you are mentoring, does not know which plan he should reference for guarding the project scope. Which of the following plans does Mike need? -The scope management plan -The scope change control system -The scope verification -The scope charter

The scope management plan

Doug Johnson, the manager of operations at a small liquor distribution company, has contracted an outside firm to develop a new warehouse picking system. He is generally satisfied with their performance so far, but in some meetings, he feels they are going beyond the scope of the project as originally defined. Doug wants to be sure only the work that is defined in the project scope is what gets done. What project documentation should Doug ask the project manager for? -The scope statement, work breakdown structure (WBS), and any approved changes. -Meeting minutes from the kickoff meeting, where the project scope was discussed. -The project charter. -Scope baseline and schedule baseline

The scope statement, work breakdown structure (WBS), and any approved changes.

In your project, you are preparing procurement documents to seek proposals from prospective sellers. All the following statements about Bid documents are accurate except: -The buyer structures the Bid documents to facilitate an accurate and complete response from prospective sellers. -Requests to potential sellers to submit a proposal or bid is formally issued in accordance with the policies of the buyer's organization. -With government contracting, some or all of the content and structure of Bid documents can be defined by regulation. -The term `proposal` is usually used when the seller selection decision will be based on price.

The term `proposal` is usually used when the seller selection decision will be based on price.

A project manager and the project team are actively monitoring the pressure gauge on a piece of equipment. Sarah, the engineer, recommends a series of steps to be implemented should the pressure rise above 80 per cent. The 80-per cent mark represents what? -An upper control limit -The threshold -Mitigation -A workaround

The threshold

You are the project manager for the LMG Project. Your project will have several human resource issues that must be coordinated and approved by the employee union. Which of the following statements is correct about this scenario? -The union is considered a resource constraint. -The union is considered a management constraint. -The union is considered a project stakeholder. -The union is considered a project team member.

The union is considered a project stakeholder.

You are managing the construction of a highly sophisticated, technologically complex, intruder-impenetrable data centre. The data centre will house more than 500 servers. Although this location offers significant economic advantages, the threats of typhoons have caused you to create an additional pool of reserves that will be used in case the centre is flooded. What type of risk response is this? -Passive avoidance -Transference to sponsor -Acceptance -Mitigation

Acceptance

A project manager meets with a customer for initial discussions about an upcoming project. At the end of the meeting, the customer asks the project manager for a rough estimate of the project duration. Based on her experience with three similar projects, the project manager provides an estimate of 8-10 months. What estimation technique does the project manager use? -Expert judgment -Three-point estimating -Analogous estimating -Bottom-up estimating

Analogous estimating

Management reserve is used for.... -Risks that are identified at the outset of the project -Risks that are not identified at the outset of the project but are known before they occur -Risks that cannot be known before they occur because they are external risks -Any risk that cannot be known before they occur

Any risk that cannot be known before they occur

You are the project manager for a technical project. The project product is the complete installation of a new operating system on 4500 workstations. You have, in your project cost and time estimates, told the customer that the estimates provided will be accurate if the workstations meet the hardware requirements of the new operating system. This is an example of which of the following? Risk Assumption Constraint Order of magnitude

Assumption

A multi-phase project has reached a phase gate. The key project stakeholders want to determine if the phase has met its success criteria and if the project should proceed to the next phase. In addition to the project management plan, which documents will be required? -Risk register and risk report -Lessons learned register and lessons learned repository -Business documents and project charter -Agreements including procurement contracts

Business documents and project charter

You are the Project Manager with ABC Corporation engaged in developing software for satellite communications. The cost of your current project is $2 million. You have just completed the last deliverable and have delivered it to the client two weeks ago. The client has accepted the results of the deliverables and expressed his satisfaction about all the deliverables delivered during the lifetime of the project What is the FIRST thing to do in this case: - -Start documenting the work performance information & deliverables -Close the project -Complete contract closure -Send a note of thanks to the client.

Close the project

You have identified some risks on your project and you have implemented a risk response plan for these identified risks? Which of the following will help you in analyzing the effectiveness of the risk response plan? -Conducting audits -Assumptions analysis -Performing the contingency plan -Reserve analysis

Conducting audits

You are the project manager for a pharmaceutical company. You are currently working on a project for a new drug your company is creating. A recent change in a law governing drug testing will impact your project and change your project scope. The first thing you should do as project manager is: Create a documented change request. Proceed as planned, as the project will be grandfathered beyond the new change in the law. Consult with the project sponsor and the stakeholders. Stop all project work until the issue is resolved.

Create a documented change request.

You are managing a software project, and after conducting a bidder conference, you receive an email from one of the bidders requesting additional information. The information was neither included in your request for proposal (RFP) nor did anyone ask for it during the bidder conference. What are you likely to do next? -Send the required information by email to only the vendor who requested the information -Send the required information by email to all vendors who have submitted the proposals -You should hold the bidder conference again and explain the importance of the point that was initially missed -Create a revised RFP containing the new information and send it by email to all vendors

Create a revised RFP containing the new information and send it by email to all vendors

You are facing problems decomposing the testing work package into the final activities required to complete the work package. Detailed testing plans and activities cannot be determined until the system is at least 50% developed and more details become available. The system development work package will take at least three months to complete. What is the best way to resolve this problem? -Use product analysis techniques such as product breakdown and systems analysis to decompose the system testing work package -Decompose the system development work package now and decompose the system testing work package later -Break down the project into multiple phases so that the system testing work package goes into the second project phase -Consult the project management plan to determine what to do in this situation

Decompose the system development work package now and decompose the system testing work package later

Which of the following is not a responsibility of the project manager? -Ensure individual integrity -Determine the priority between triple constraint components. -Contribute to the project management knowledge base -Balance Stakeholders interests

Determine the priority between triple constraint components.

The new CIO for Mega Hard Drive Corporation, Roger Bigbucks, brings John into his office to discuss a new project that has been approved to improve the security access to their corporate systems worldwide. Roger explains the key objectives of the project, general time frame, and business value. The CIO assigns John to be the project manager and ends the meeting. What is the first thing John needs to do? -Determine who the key stakeholders are and have a kickoff meeting. -Find out how much money he has to use for the project. -Order new business cards that show he is the project manager. -Begin developing the scope definition.

Determine who the key stakeholders are and have a kickoff meeting.

Communication Planning involves -Determining who needs what information, when, how and who will provide the information -Making needed information available to project stakeholders in a timely manner -Collecting & disseminating performance information to stakeholders -Creating Procurement document

Determining who needs what information, when, how and who will provide the information

Not all team members are properly checking out resources used in the project. What is the best option for the project manager? -Wait until there is a need or the team is impacted -Escalate the issue to the functional managers -Discuss the checkout rationale with the team -Remove the process of checking out resources

Discuss the checkout rationale with the team

You are a project manager for your organization. Emily, a project manager in training, wants to know when the project manager is assigned to a project? Your answer should be: During the initiation stage During the planning stage When the stakeholders approve the budget After the project is proven feasible

During the initiation stage

A customer has asked for a change to your construction project scope. He assures you that it did not affect the cost, and it significantly enhances the product. What is the best thing for you to do next? -Accept the change request and start working on it -Evaluate the impact of the change on schedule, quality, and risk -Tell the customer that the change request is not feasible at this time -Implement the change request and communicate to the customer

Evaluate the impact of the change on schedule, quality, and risk

You are a project manager for a project that has a very aggressive schedule. To meet the deadlines you are cautiously following all the planning processes. You have gathered the inputs for the Estimate Activity Durations process. which tools & techniques you will employ to produce the outputs from this process -Expert judgment, activity attributes, quantitatively based duration, and reserve time -Expert judgment, analogous estimating, Parametric estimating, three-point estimation -Activity list, analogous estimating, quantitatively based duration, and expert judgment -Activity list, analogous estimating, quantitatively based duration, and alternative identification

Expert judgment, analogous estimating, Parametric estimating, three-point estimation

A project manager is working on a project using agile principles. Early on, the project manager works with the development team to determine the appropriate team performance feedback approaches. Which three of the following approaches can the project manager use to provide performance feedback for the team members? Provide team-building activities. Facilitate retrospective sessions. Establish ground rules for the team. Conduct an annual and/or semiannual review. Request a 360-degree review. Issue a change request

Facilitate retrospective sessions. Conduct an annual and/or semiannual review. Request a 360-degree review.

A project is slipping on its schedule. Management is worried that the project will be late and that this will cost the organization several thousand dollars in fines and penalties. They have asked the project manager to use a schedule duration compression technique that will help the project finish on time. The technique that the project manager can use, however, should not add costs to the project. What duration compression technique should the project manager use in this instance? -Fast tracking -Leads and lags -Crashing -Resource optimization

Fast tracking

A project manager knows that she can delay the start of certain activities within the project schedule to coincide with the mitigation of a known risk. She knows exactly the mitigating task & duration needed, should the risk event occur. She is confident that the finish date will not be impacted by the time delay. Which of the following aspects of schedule development has the project manager used in this situation? -The reliance on her certainty that, for risk planning purposes, assumptions are considered to be true, real, or certain. -That GERT probability factors provide her with certainty that there will be activities in the current schedule that will not be performed at all. -Her CPM float calculations have revealed those activities that allow sufficient time for the inserted task. -The project manager's risk management plan was to build in task buffer time to all the project tasks during schedule development in order to cover any risk event occurrence.

Her CPM float calculations have revealed those activities that allow sufficient time for the inserted task.

The change control board recently approved two new changes. This decision was generated as a result of carrying out the Perform Integrated Change Control process. The first change was due to sending late information to stakeholders. The second change was a delay in activity on a critical path due to insufficient resources. What is the next thing you should do as the project manger regarding the approved change requests? -Implement the first change request first -Hire additional resources to implement the two changes at the same time -Implement the second change request first -Ask CCB for further clarification

Implement the second change request first

You are working on a CPIF type of a contract and have realized that your project will be completed under the original estimated budget. This will reduce the project cost volume to your company. What will you do? -Add some more features to the product which increases the cost -Add activities to the project to increase the cost enough to meet the original estimates. -Add additional resources to the project to increase the cost. -Inform the customer that you will finish the under budget.

Inform the customer that you will finish the under budget.

You have been engaged to manage a project with an estimated cost of $1.5 million that has been publicly approved by the project's sponsor. Your earned value analysis indicates that the project will be completed in time and under budget $80000. Based on this your proposal profits will decrease by $ 3500. You should plan to: -Inform the end-user that you can add features without exceeding budget -Inform the project sponsor of the projected financial outcomes -Invoice for the full amount because the budget has been made public -Add features to improve the quality without exceeding the public budget

Inform the project sponsor of the projected financial outcomes

Your project is moving ahead of schedule. Management elects to incorporate additional quality testing into the project to improve the quality and acceptability of the project deliverable. This is an example of which one of the following? Scope creep Change Control Quality Assurance Integrated Change Control

Integrated Change Control

You are managing a software development project. During the implementation phase, you find that one of the key project stakeholders has low authority regarding project decisions. However, you recently discovered that he has high interest in your project. What stakeholder management strategy should you use with the key project stakeholder? -Keep the key stakeholder satisfied -Manage the key stakeholder closely -Monitor the key stakeholder -Keep the key stakeholder informed

Keep the key stakeholder informed

You are managing an IT project in an agile approach. The project has frequent changes in requirements. The project is also subject to a strict budget. You are in the testing phase of the project, and the customer has requested an additional new feature. You have assessed the impact of the change on the triple constraints with your team, and you found the change will increase the original budget by $3,000. However, the customer told you that there is no additional budget, what should be your next step? -Negotiate with the customer to reduce the project scope or not adding the new feature -Bill the customer for the full amount of the cost because this was the original agreed-on price -Negotiate with the customer to provide an additional budget -Stop the work since the customer refused to provide an additional budget

Negotiate with the customer to reduce the project scope or not adding the new feature

You are a project manager for Orange Inc., which plans to offer online access to product information for all their customers. One of the activities of this project is the installation and testing of several new servers. You have a past data that, it takes about 4 hrs per server to accomplish this task. Since you are installing 7 such servers you estimate this activity to take 28hrs. Which estimation technique have you used? -Analogous estimating -Reserve Time -Parametric estimating -Bottom-up estimating

Parametric estimating

Your organization is beginning a new project staffed with a virtual team. Based on past experience, you recognize that the team members in a matrix environment will sometimes be more responsive to their functional managers than to their project manager. Anticipating these problems to establish clear authority decide to insist on.... -Project Management Plan -Project charter -Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM) -Resource Management Plan

Project charter

A schedule performance index of less than 1.0 indicates that the -Project is running behind the monetary value of the work it planned to accomplish -Earned value physically accomplished so far is 100% -The project has experienced a permanent loss of time -The project may not be on schedule, but the project manager need not be concerned

Project is running behind the monetary value of the work it planned to accomplish

You are managing a project to build a house for a private client. A few weeks before the project's planned completion date, the client calls and asks to add an outdoor sauna to the property. You analyze the project schedule and determine that this change would be fairly easy to implement without having an impact on the completion date. What should you do first? -Begin construction since the project completion date is not violated -Review the requested change against all other project constraints -Have the sponsor verify if the change violates construction regulations -Consult with the change control board on how to handle the change

Review the requested change against all other project constraints

You are constructing a high rise building in New York, and during the implementation phase, you have identified high potential risk to the schedule. You have identified the response strategy for this risk, you have decided to create a change request to extend the project duration in order to eliminate the negative effects. What type of risk response strategy is this? -Risk acceptance -Risk mitigation -Risk transfer -Risk avoidance

Risk avoidance

You are examining a pile of scope change requests on a project you are asked to take over because the previous project manager decided to resign. To assess the degree to which the project scope will change you need to compare the requests to which project document? -Scope Baseline -WBS -Project plan -Scope management plan

Scope Baseline

You are assigned to a software development project, and you are conducting a product review with an important client. Although the deliverables were previously verified, the client detects a defect and rejects one of the deliverables. What should you do? Submit a change request to fix the deliverable Refund the customer for the value of the deliverable Ask the project team to repair the defect Begin the claims administration process

Submit a change request to fix the deliverable

When you look at a control chart that measures defects in the product produced by your project, you find that three points are showing up above the mean and four points fall outside of the control limits. Which statement below is true? -You should adjust your control limits -The process is under control. It should not be adjusted -The process is out of control. The assignable cause should then be investigated and determined. -This is the rule of seven, so statistically the data does not matter

The process is out of control. The assignable cause should then be investigated and determined.

All of the following are true about change requests EXCEPT: They happen while the project work is being done. They always require additional funding. They can be written or verbal. They can be requested by a stakeholder.

They always require additional funding.

Why is the project management plan important in perform integrated change control process? -The project plan documents the baseline that changes are managed against. -The project plan enables all required changes to be approved. -The project plan will probably change as the project progresses. -The project plan facilitates stakeholder communication.

The project plan documents the baseline that changes are managed against.

You are part of a cross-functional team piloting an adaptive approach to project management in an organization that has traditionally used a predictive approach. You realize that you have to tailor the template of the schedule management plan. Which of the following components of the template are you likely to tailor the most? -The rules of performance measurement, the summary milestones, and the key deliverables -The organizational procedures links, the units of measure, and the project organization charts -The schedule model development, the release and iteration length, and the reporting formats -The project schedule model maintenance, the level of accuracy, and the level of precision

The schedule model development, the release and iteration length, and the reporting formats

The Formal Project Information should be communicated to -All stakeholders in the performing organization -All project stakeholders -Project team members and the project sponsor -Those people defined in the communications management plan

Those people defined in the communications management plan

Your Company is using a web-based software for accessing, entering and updating information to the database. The number of users accessing this software has increased in the last one year. This has lead to a slow response by software and the users often have to wait for 20-30 seconds for any transaction to be done with this software. Due to repeated complaints by the users of this software your organization has to decide to upgrade it. Based on the company's experience with the vendor who has developed this software, you are confident they will be able to assist you with this requirement. Which of the following is true? -Vendor availability and expertise are constraints. The project came about due to a marketing demand. -You have made an assumption about vendor availability and expertise. The project came about due to marketing demand -Vendor availability and expertise are constraints. The project came about due to a business need -You have made an assumption about vendor availability and expertise. The project came about due to a business need.

You have made an assumption about vendor availability and expertise. The project came about due to a business need.