PSY 15- Chapter 10-16 Chapter Quizes

The most common symptom for schizophrenia involves ____________, such as hearing voices in the absence of any noise. These are called positive symptoms, because they are "added" as opposed to negative symptoms "missing" something (for example, lack of affect/emotion). A. hallucinations B. delusions C. disorganized thinking D. compulsions

A. hallucinations

According to Yerkes-Dodson optimal arousal theory, a simple, relatively easy task is performed best when arousal levels are relatively _________ and complex tasks are best performed when arousal levels are __________. A. high; lower B. low; higher C. moderate; moderate D. none of the above

A. high; lower

John has not had lunch yet. He thinks to himself, "I'm hungry and have to eat a sandwich now. I'll wait until someone leaves some food unattended and steal it." Which part of John's personality would Freud say is operating here? A. id B. ego C. superego D. rationalization

A. id

Juan believes that he succeeds in high school because he works hard, earned a place on the basketball team because he practices constantly, and cooks well because he takes cooking classes. Rotter would say that Juan has (a/an): A. internal locus of control B. external locus of control C. poor self-regulation D. good self-regulation

A. internal locus of control

A study based on over 9,000 U. S. residents found that the most prevalent disorder was A. major depressive disorder B. social anxiety disorder C. obesessive compulsive disorder D. specific phobia

A. major depressive disorder

Suppose you hate reality shows, but you pretend to like them in order to fit in, feel good, and be accepted by your friends, who all love reality television. This is an example of ________ social influence. A. normative B. informational C. confirmatory D. groupthink

A. normative

The long-standing traits and patterns that propel individuals to consistently think, feel, and behave in specific ways are known as ________. A. personality B. temperament C. humors D. psychodynamic

A. personality

What was the main conclusion drawn from the Stanford prison experiment? A. social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior B. social roles do not impact human behavior C. people cannot be trusted in roles of authority D. when operating in a group, some people will put forth less effort than when they are operating alone

A. social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior

In the harmful dysfunction definition of psychological disorders, dysfunction involves: A. the inability of a psychological mechanism to perform its function B. the breakdown of social order in one's community C. communication problems in one's immediate family D. all of the above

A. the inability of a psychological mechanism to perform its function

The diathesis-model presumes that psychopathology/disorders arise from: A. vulnerability and adverse, highly stressful experiences B. biochemical factors C. chemical imbalances and structural abnormalities in the brain D. adverse childhood experiences

A. vulnerability and adverse, highly stressful experiences

The process of closing large asylums and providing for people to stay in the community to be treated locally is known as ________. A. deinstitutionalization B. institutionalization C. deactivation D. decentralization

A. deinstitutionalization

All of the following fit with the APA's formal definition for a psychological disorder, except: A. significant disturbances in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors B. causes dysfunction (biological, psychological, developmental) C. fits with culturally accepted reactions to certain life events D. causes significant impairment in an area of life (social, work)

C. fits with culturally accepted reactions to certain life events

Risk for suicidality is higher among those with mood disorders, including depression and bipolar disorders. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for suicide? A. alcohol dependence B. history of previous suicide attempts C. being a fan of violent media (music, TV) D. having access to deadly weapons, such as firearms

C. being a fan of violent media (music, TV)

In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her distorted ways of thinking and self-defeating actions by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify A. systematic desensitization B. exposure therapy C. cognitive-behavioral therapy D. client-centered therapy

C. cognitive-behavioral therapy

Felicia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Felicia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a(n) ________. A. availability heuristic B. representativeness heuristic C. confirmation bias D. self-fulfilling prophecy

C. confirmation bias

Which term refers to mental or behavioral efforts used to manage or reduce problems relating to stress, including the cause and the unpleasant feelings it produces? A. eustress B. distress C. coping D. biofeedback

C. coping

Self-worth, accomplishment, and confidence represent the ________ level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs. A. physiological B. safety C. esteem D. belonging

C. esteem

At which stage of Selye's general adaptation syndrome is a person most vulnerable to illness? A. alarm B. resistance C. exhaustion D. burnout

C. exhaustion

Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this? A. active listening B. free association C. transference D. unconditional positive regard

D. unconditional positive regard

According to the findings of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, identical twins, whether raised together or apart have ________ personalities. A. slightly different B. very different C. slightly similar D. very similar

D. very similar

What is the single most important fact that predicts the person with whom you will become friends or have a romantic relationship? A. your financial well-being B. your physical attractiveness C. your similarity to others you meet D. your proximity and amount of contact you have with people

D. your proximity and amount of contact you have with people

Otto is so driven to become a school psychologist that he spends every night studying. This sentence describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal, also called ________. A. emotion B. instinct C. drive D. motivation

D. motivation

Which institutional setting replaced asylums in caring for those with psychological disorders? A. churches B. prisons C. schools D. psychiatric hospitals

D. psychiatric hospitals

A smoker's love of nicotine is an instinctive behavior. True or False

False

Lamont cares for his aging father, who suffers from dementia, over a period of years. This is an example of an acute stressor. True or False

False

Research shows that boys are more likely than girls to be the victims of cyberbullying. True or False

False

During the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome, the threat is recognized, and the sympathetic nervous system, kicks in! Which of the following is an example of the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome? A. A burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a snake on the trail. B. Marie collapses on the side of the road after a marathon. C. Sheila almost drowned, but she was able to keep her head out of the water and focus on swimming to shore. D. Jose sleepwalks when he drinks too much caffeine before bed.

A. A burst of energy enables Hassan to run fast when he sees a snake on the trail.

_______ is/are the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance. Sample sources of this stress include getting in a new relationship or buying a home. A. Eustress B. Distress C. Anastress D. Stress appraisal

A. Eustress

What was the main difference between Freud's ideas and the neo-Freudians? A. Neo-Freudians reduced the emphasis on sex as influencing personality development, and emphasized social factors. B. Neo-Freudians theorized about personality while Freud did not. C. Freud was a feminist while the neo-Freudians were not. D. Freud emphasized that development continues throughout the span, whereas the neo-Freudians said development stops in childhood.

A. Neo-Freudians reduced the emphasis on sex as influencing personality development, and emphasized social factors.

Which of the following is an example of psychological disorder development, best explained by the diathesis-stress model? A. Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mom and dad died. B. Ozzie treats his depression by exposing himself to a series of stressors so he can learn coping skills. C. Ozzie treats his manic episodes by using medication to induce depression. D. Ozzie's doctor does not believe that mental illness has a biological basis.

A. Ozzie has a genetic predisposition towards depression, but he did not experience depression until his mom and dad died.

Which of the following findings is NOT consistent with the results of the Kinsey study? A. Sexual desire and sexual ability are regulated by separate regions of the brain. B. Females enjoy sex as much as males. C. Sexual acts between members of the same sex are fairly common. D. Masturbation has no adverse consequences.

A. Sexual desire and sexual ability are regulated by separate regions of the brain.

According to the frustration aggression theory, which of the following is likely to occur when Simon gets frustrated with his toilet training? A. Simon bites his mom. B. Simon retreats to a corner and is sad. C. Simon goes to sleep. D. Simon's mom gets frustrated with Simon.

A. Simon bites his mom.

Marlena tells her therapist that she often feels helpless and unable to accomplish her goals. Her therapist responds by acknowledging her feelings, restating what she has told him, and clarifying the feelings behind what Marlena is expressing. What aspect of client-centered therapy is this? A. active listening B. empathy C. unconditional positive regard D. personal growth

A. active listening

Which of the following exemplifies extrinsically motivated behavior? A. babysitting your younger brother in order to receive an hourly fee B. dating an abusive partner because you believe you don't deserve good treatment C. jerking your hand back from a hot burner D. mowing your elderly neighbor's lawn for free because he can't do it himself

A. babysitting your younger brother in order to receive an hourly fee

Noticing that you have difficulty concentrating during and after periods of prolonged stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ________ impact. A. cognitive B. emotional C. physical/physiological D. social

A. cognitive

A flat tire in the morning, realizing that you forgot to get your homework done, and getting into an argument with a buddy are all examples of ________. A. daily life hassles B. traumatic events C. major life changes D. none of the above

A. daily life hassles

Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive. Which defense mechanism is operating here? A. denial B. displacement C. repression D. rationalization

A. denial

The field of social psychology studies topics at the intrapersonal level and interpersonal level. Intrapersonal topics include ________. A. emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition B. ethnographies, case studies, archives, and statistics C. prejudice and discrimination, helping behavior, aggression, and group processes D. society and social interaction, families, ecology, and religion

A. emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition

How is behavior therapy different than psychoanalysis? A. Behavior therapy involves free association and dream analysis, while psychoanalysis focuses on the use of classical conditioning to change patterns of thinking. B. In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involves digging deeply into one's unconscious. C. In psychoanalysis, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while behavior therapy involves digging deeply into one's unconscious. D. Psychoanalysis involves using free association to work through repressed desires, while behavior therapy focuses on how undesirable behaviors are predicted unconsciously, in our dreams.

B. In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involves digging deeply into one's unconscious.

All of the following are accurate statements about dissociative disorders EXCEPT: A. People with these disorders become disconnected from their sense of self. B. People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture. C. People with these disorders experience memory and identity disturbances. D. These disorders have a psychological rather than a physical cause.

B. People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture.

The need for ________ might explain why we "friend" people on social media websites, join clubs or hobby groups, and spend time with others when we might otherwise feel like being by ourselves. A. achievement B. affiliation C. esteem D. power

B. affiliation

Kaz wants to stop biting his nails, so he rubs a strong bitter paste under his nails to make his nails taste bad. What technique is Kaz using to stop biting his nails, which relies on classical conditioning? A. flooding B. aversive conditioning C. systematic desensitization D. exposure therapy

B. aversive conditioning

Alicia is a woman in a sexual relationship with another woman. Alicia is also attracted to men, and anticipates that she will have sex with a man again at some point. Based on this, Alicia's sexual orientation is best described as: A. homosexual B. bisexual C. heterosexual D. asexual

B. bisexual

Heather considers taking a new job. She focuses on the increased opportunities for promotion and the higher salary rather than her increased responsibilities; therefore, she views the new position as a ________ rather than a ________, a primary appraisal process. A. hassle; major life event B. challenge; threat C. distress; eustress D. Type A stressor; Type B stressor

B. challenge; threat

This type of culture values social harmony, respectfulness, and group needs over individual needs, and is more common in countries in Asia, Africa, and South America. These cultures display more socially oriented personality traits. A. individualism B. collectivism C. neuroticism D. none of the above

B. collectivism

Jason and Jerome share each other's thoughts and feelings (intimacy) and are prepared to support each other (commitment), but they do not feel any real passion toward each other. According to Sternberg's theory, they have a relationship based on ________ love. A. consummate B. companionate C. fatuous D. romantic

B. companionate

Horacio is an emergency room nurse in a large, underfunded, public hospital. Lately, he finds himself assuming that the patients he sees are just trying to get free drugs to feed an addiction. Just yesterday a little boy was brought in with a broken arm, and Horacio found that he was completely indifferent to the boy's pain. What aspect of job burnout does this exemplify? A. exhaustion B. depersonalization C. diminished personal accomplishment D. giving up

B. depersonalization

Ryan's sister is visiting for Thanksgiving. She always gets on Ryan's nerves, and this year is no exception. While walking the dog after dinner, Ryan is uncharacteristically harsh with the leash. Which defense mechanism is operating here? A. denial B. displacement C. rationalization D. sublimation

B. displacement

Isaac is bored at school. He thinks to himself, "I want to play with Claire's toy. I can't just take it, so I'll offer to trade toys with her so then I can play with the toy I want." Which part of Isaac's personality would Freud say is operating here? A. id B. ego C. superego D. shame

B. ego

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is: A. asymptomatic B. episodic C. limited to a few weeks D. recurring every few years

B. episodic

Which anxiety disorder involves a continuous state of excessive, pointless worry and apprehension? Oftentimes, people worry about everyday things, and they worry in themes, such as around the health and safety of family. A. specific phobia B. generalized anxiety disorder C. agoraphobia D. social anxiety disorder

B. generalized anxiety disorder

According to humanist Carl Rogers, a healthy personality would result from congruence between one's real self and ideal self. How can parents help their children achieve high congruence? A. forcing them to be independent from a nearly age B. giving them unconditional positive regard C. preventing children's use of defense mechanisms D. pointing out children's mistakes so that they can learn not to repeat them

B. giving them unconditional positive regard

A particular benefit of ________ therapy is the possibility of decreasing a client's sense of shame and isolation about the problem they face, while also letting them offer support to others. A. individual B. group C. gestalt D. humanistic

B. group

Twin studies comparing identical to fraternal twins influence provide a measurement of _____________, the difference among the whole population in some trait, that can be attributed to genes. A. heredity B. heritability C. temperament D. personality

B. heritability

Tammy has a positive view of challenges: She views them as tasks to be mastered. She develops a deep interest in and a strong commitment to becoming a good teacher. When she doesn't pass her first teaching praxis, she quickly recovers and works to overcome the setback. Albert Bandura would say Tammy has ________. A. low self-efficacy B. high self-efficacy C. low introversion D. high introversion

B. high self-efficacy

Cici firmly believes that every child deserves a loving parent. She becomes a foster parent because she knows that it is the right thing to do, even though she receives no material rewards for doing so. Cici becomes a foster parent because of ________ motivation. A. extrinsic B. intrinsic C. biological D. cultural

B. intrinsic

Stavros is arrested for drunk driving. His prison sentence includes attending therapy sessions to treat alcohol addiction. He doesn't want to attend these sessions, but his sentence will be extended if he doesn't attend them. What kind of treatment does this describe? A. voluntary B. involuntary C. psychodynamic D. humanistic

B. involuntary

The ________ hypothesis is the ideology common in the United States that people get the outcomes they deserve. This helps explain victim-blaming, and who is most likely to blame victims. A. equal status B. just-world C. equipotentiality D. self-serving

B. just-world

Compulsive behaviors, such as hand-washing in OCD, are _____________ reinforced. Each time they are performed, the person feels less anxiety, a form of reward. A. positively B. negatively C. neutrally D. none of the above

B. negatively

Louise has been diagnosed with an anxiety disorder that involves sudden and overwhelming attacks of terror and worry about having these attacks in the future. The attacks are very unpredictable, and they seem to be getting worse the longer the condition lasts. Based on this description, it is most likely that Louise is experiencing: A. obsessive-compulsive disorder B. panic disorder C. social anxiety disorder D. generalized anxiety disorder

B. panic disorder

According to Abraham Maslow, humans who do not have their most basic needs met, such as ___________ and ____________ will not be able to work on higher-level needs, such as esteem and self-actualization. A. physiological needs, esteem B. physiological needs, safety C. belonging, esteem D. esteem, self-actualization

B. physiological needs, safety

Review Freud's model of consciousness, with the id, ego, and superego. The id operates on the ________ principle. A. guilt B. pleasure C. reality D. shame

B. pleasure

A negative attitude or feeling towards someone based solely on their group membership is called: A. discrimination B. prejudice C. stereotype D. stereotype threat

B. prejudice

Your significant other says: "We need to have a talk." In your _________ appraisal, you determine whether this situation is stressful, of potential harm or threat to your well-being, whereas in your __________ appraisal you determine what tools and resources you have to cope! A. secondary; primary B. primary; secondary C. challenge; threat D. threat; challenge

B. primary; secondary

This theory asserts that individuals have an ideal body weight that is relatively resistant to change. A. evolutionary B. set point C. Yerkes-Dodson D. limited

B. set point

During which kind of situation might a person be most likely to yield (give in) to the effects of informational social influence? A. when they feel confident in their own decisions B. when the correct choice is unclear C. when they really want to be liked by a group of peers D. when they have no personal investment in the outcome of their actions

B. when the correct choice is unclear

Which of the following is NOT true of Erik Erikson's theory of personality? A. An individual's personality develops throughout the lifespan. B. An individual goes through stages of personality, each of which involves an important social relationship and challenge. C. An individual's personality is fixed in childhood. D. The development of personality depends upon completion of tasks at different life stage, such as establishing trust in infancy.

C. An individual's personality is fixed in childhood.

Which of the following summarizes the main idea of reciprocal determinism? A. Emotions are cognitive processes with behavioral antecedents. B. How we cope with anxiety reflects our personality. C. Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other. D. Our defense mechanisms are formed in childhood.

C. Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situational context all influence each other.

What is the main idea of behavioral perspectives on personality? A. Personality is formed solely in childhood and does not change after we hit puberty. B. Personality is significantly shaped by the biology and genetic lineage of the organism. C. Personality is significantly shaped by the reinforcements and consequences outside of the organism. D. Personality theory should be based on social health and public interests.

C. Personality is significantly shaped by the reinforcements and consequences outside of the organism.

What is one major advantage of applying learning approaches to the study of personality, compared to earlier Freudian and neo-Freudian approaches? A. They are more respectful of feminist psychology concepts. B. They are universal to all cultures studied. C. They can be scientifically tested because they involve observable actions. D. They use animal research instead of relying on humans for study.

C. They can be scientifically tested because they involve observable actions.

Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________, which relies on operant conditioning. A. rational emotive therapy B. cognitive-behavioral therapy C. a token economy D. client-centered therapy

C. a token economy

Piper is terribly afraid of a number of different situations. She doesn't like riding on public busses or subways, finds open spaces very intimidating, does not like feeling "lost in a crowd," and prefers the safe and secure feeling of her own home. If these symptoms cause disruptions in her life, Piper might be diagnosed with ________, an anxiety disorder. A. acrophobia B. social anxiety disorder C. agoraphobia D. generalized anxiety disorder

C. agoraphobia

Which of the following is an example of a safety behavior, performed when people are unable to avoid an anxiety-provoking stimulus or situation? A. encountering a phobic stimulus in the company of other people B. avoiding a field where snakes are likely to be present C. avoiding eye contact D. worrying as a distraction from painful memories

C. avoiding eye contact

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing a(n) ________ episode, characteristic of bipolar disorder. A. depressive B. psychotic C. manic D. dissociative

C. manic

Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in the development of symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder? A. anterior cortex B. cingulate cortex C. orbitofrontal cortex D. prefrontal cortex

C. orbitofrontal cortex

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring Cordelia's left arm. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing ________ disorder. A. panic disorder B. bipolar disorder C. posttraumatic stress disorder D. schizophrenia

C. posttraumatic stress disorder

Brizan has just lost his job. He is proactive in trying to resolve this source of stress; he immediately uses the internet to look up other jobs in his field and plans to eliminate nonessentials from his budget to make his savings last longer. Which type of coping approach is Brizan using? A. proactive B. emotion-focused C. problem-focused D. stress reduction

C. problem-focused

Bert is unconsciously attracted to Ernestine, his best friend's girlfriend. Consciously, however, whenever Bert talks about Ernestine, he says how dumb and ugly she is. Which defense mechanism is operating in this example? A. denial B. displacement C. reaction formation D. projection

C. reaction formation

Heather and Mike share the household chores as equally as possible. They take turns with the cooking and driving their son to daycare. Both of them work outside the home, and each of them takes responsibility for child care one night a week to give the other one a break. We can say that their relationship has a high level of ________. A. altruism B. groupthink C. reciprocity D. infatuation

C. reciprocity

The ego defense mechanism in which a person who is confronted with anxiety returns to a more immature behavioral stage is called: A. displacement B. rationalization C. regression D. repression

C. regression

During the international COVID-19 pandemic, many people began acting aggressively toward individuals of Chinese descent, blaming them for the virus even though most of those people had lived in the United States for their entire lives. This blame was misplaced. The Chinese-Americans were the victim of a process called ________, common in times of high stress. A. in-group bias B. confirmation bias C. scapegoating D. effort justification effect

C. scapegoating

Erikah has just arrived at the funeral of her friend's father. Even though Erikah is usually very outspoken and jovial, she keeps her voice down, expresses her sympathy to the family members, and sits quietly and respectfully during the religious service. Erikah is following the ________ of how to behave in this particular situation. A. social role B. social norm C. script D. heuristic

C. script

Groupthink occurs when group members change their opinion to line up with the perceived group consensus. Which of the following strategies should prevent groupthink from occuring? A. avoid the development of any contingency plans B. having the group leader make their position known before discussion begins C. seeking outside opinions on group decisions D. voting publicly in front of other group members

C. seeking outside opinions on group decisions

Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams. Which bias is Leonard illustrating here? A. fundamental attribution error B. actor-observer bias C. self-serving bias D. cognitive bias

C. self-serving bias

Becca is walking down an icy sidewalk when she sees an old woman struggling to keep her balance. She thinks to herself, "I really should give that old woman a hand or she might fall." Which part of Becca's personality would Freud say is operating here? A. id B. ego C. superego D. pleasure principle

C. superego

In the African American community, what has been found to play a significant role as an alternate source of support to mental health services? A. the primary care physician/doctor B. workplace counselors C. the church D. none of the above

C. the church

What is the main idea of drive theory? A. achieving homeostasis requires increasing the metabolic rate B. deviations from commonly accepted drives result in an inability to satisfy physiological needs C. deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that then push us to behave D. failure to achieve homeostasis results in poor cognition and deficits in memory and learning

C.deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that then push us to behave

People with obsessive-compulsive disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts. Which of the following is the best example of a compulsion? A. Jaylen cannot stop thinking about the exam that he has in chemistry tomorrow. B. Juan is wearing a bandage for longer than needed to make sure his cut is fully healed. C. Cassandra wears both sunglasses and a hat to keep the sun out of her eyes. D. Jordy locks his door exactly nine times every time he leaves the house to make sure it is locked.

D. Jordy locks his door exactly nine times every time he leaves the house to make sure it is locked.

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing PTSD after a trauma? A. higher trauma severity B. low social support C. traumas that involve harm by others (i.e. combat, sexual assault) vs. natural disasters D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Which dimension of the Type A behavior pattern is most predictive of heart disease? A. impatience B. competitiveness C. time urgency D. anger/hostility

D. anger/hostility

There are a number of physiological mechanisms that regulate hunger, and eating, as well as satiety, fullness or satisfaction. All of the following are part of the satiety/satisfaction response, except: A. blood glucose levels increase B. fat cells release leptin C. pancreas and liver send signals to shut off hunger and eating D. blood glucose levels drop

D. blood glucose levels drop

Suppose you are walking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of ________. A. aggression B. cognitive dissonance C. prosocial behavior D. diffusion of responsibility

D. diffusion of responsibility

Kara earns an F on her social psychology exam. Then, she goes home and gets into an argument with her roommate, Lee. Lee assumes Kara is yelling at him because she is just a nasty person, and does not consider that she may just have had a bad day and is venting. Lee is demonstrating ________. A. self-serving bias B. groupthink bias C. actor-observer bias D. fundamental attribution error

D. fundamental attribution error

Research has found that the nucleus accumbens and the amygdala, both of which are part of the ________, are brain areas that are particularly important in sexual motivation. A. reward pathway B. hindbrain C. midbrain D. limbic system

D. limbic system

Dr. Kaplan is working with a Japanese-American client, and regards the client's silence as an indication that he is not happy to be in therapy. He fails to consider that his client has learned that authority figures should be shown deference and that his silence is a sign of respect. Dr. Kaplan is demonstrating ________. A. unconditional positive regard B. free association C. transference response D. low cultural competence

D. low cultural competence

All of the following are risk factors in the development of schizophrenia. Which is NOT a biological risk factor? A. genes B. abnormalities in dopamine C. abnormalities in brain ventricles D. marijuana use

D. marijuana use

Which of the following is NOT one of the seven universal emotions described in this chapter? A. disgust B. fear C. contempt D. melancholy

D. melancholy

Tesla crafts imitation dream catchers in her spare time. Her father constantly encourages her to sell them on eBay. When she finally agrees to sell them, she notices that while she still enjoys making the dream catchers, she no longer does it for fun—she does it to make money. This is an example of the ________ effect A. drive reduction B. heuristic C. hierarchical D. over-justification

D. over-justification

Jarl makes several minor mistakes during his conversational French class. Instead of thinking, "everyone makes mistakes sometimes," he thinks, "I am so stupid." What kind of cognitive distortion is this A. all-or-nothing thinking B. jumping to conclusions C. catastrophizing D. overgeneralization

D. overgeneralization

In the most recent version of the Diagnostic Manual for Disorders (DSM-5): obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder are all categorized together. What feature(s) do these disorders share? A. conviction that the patient themselves is the cause of many people's troubles B. generalized anxiety and specific phobias C. obsession with the suffering of others D. repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

D. repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people living with: A. a mood disorder who do not believe in traditional biomedical approaches B. ADHD who also live with anxiety C. auditory hallucinations associated with schizophrenia D. severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

D. severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

On the advice of her therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a hierarchy of stimuli related to her phobia. Which form of therapy is she using A. aversion therapy B. free association C. play therapy D. systematic desensitization

D. systematic desensitization

Relative to those with low levels of social support, individuals with high levels of social support ________. A. are more likely to develop asthma B. tend to have less perceived control C. are more likely to develop heart disease D. tend to tolerate stress well

D. tend to tolerate stress well

Emotion-focused coping would likely be a better method than problem-focused coping for dealing with which of the following stressors? A. low grades in school B. unemployment C. divorce D. terminal cancer

D. terminal cancer

Charles has always felt as if a mistake had been made when he was born. Charles is biologically male but identifies as female. If someone does not identify with the gender assigned to them at birth, their identity is best described as: A. homosexuality B. bisexuality C. cisgender D. transgender

D. transgender

A partner who stays in an abusive relationship in order to avoid being alone is giving up safety needs in order to meet belonging needs. True or False

True

A social role is a pattern of behavior that is expected of a person in a given setting or group. True or False

True

Major diagnostic criteria for depression includes loss of interest and pleasure in daily activities. True or False

True

Moderate stress can enhance both immediate and delayed recall of knowledge/educational material, including material for this class. True or False

True

Mood disorders, such as major depression, have been shown to have a strong genetic/biological basis. True or False

True

People influenced by more individualistic-style cultures are more likely to make the fundamental attribution error, compared to those influenced by collectivist cultures. True or False

True

We are quite sensitive to the emotional information communicated through body language, even if we are not consciously aware of it. True or False

True