PSY1 Unit 5

Social factors that contribute to eating and overeating include A. All of these B. eating at customary times of day, even if we are not especially hungry. C. the tendency to associate eating with comfort, relief, and pleasure. D. norms regarding the size of portions.

A. All of these

Which of the following is a factor that contributes to attraction? A. Reciprocity B. Dissimilarity C. Social conflict D. Prejudice

A. Reciprocity

Enduring mental representation of a person, place, or thing that typically evokes an emotional response and related behavior are known as _________. A. attitudes. B. eustress. C. values. D. elaborations.

A. attitudes.

Which of the following is the best example of drive based behavior? A. eating a big dinner when you are hungry B. solving a crossword puzzle C. working long hours because your boss promised to reward you with a raise D. sky-diving

A. eating a big dinner when you are hungry

Why are there so many different approaches to motivation? A. even common behaviors such as eating may be motivated by many different factors. B. because it is important to have explanations that cover both natural instincts and social drives. C. a large number approaches is required to sufficiently confuse students new too psychology. D. there are so many approaches to motivation because the strategy used depends on an individual's unique learning style

A. even common behaviors such as eating may be motivated by many different factors.

Which of the following is a biological factor responsible for obesity? A. high fat-to-muscle ratio B. aphagic tendency C. high metabolism rate D. anorexia nervosa

A. high fat-to-muscle ratio

A(n) _________involves an inherited disposition to activate specific behavior patterns that enable an organism to reach specific goals. A. instinct B. intuition C. need D. drive

A. instinct

Stanley Milgram studied the factors that contribute to _________. A. obedience to authority B. primacy C. propinquity D. recency

A. obedience to authority

The Pittsburgh Steelers are playing a game in their home stadium. The stadium is full of fans. They are likely to do their best because so many of the fans are cheering them on to victory. In the context of group behavior, this is the result of: A. social facilitation B. conformity C. social pressure D. polarization

A. social facilitation

Which of the following factors increases the tendency to conform? A. social shyness B. belonging to an individualistic society C. valuing being right over being liked D. high self-esteem

A. social shyness

Unselfish concern for the welfare of others is ___.

Altruism

Drag each nervous system to the emotion associated with it.

Anger - Both sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system; Fear - Sympathetic nervous system; Depression - Parasympathetic nervous system

Behavior inconsistent with an attitude that may have the effect of modifying the attitude is ___.

Attitude-discrepant behavior

According to Robert Sternberg's triangular model of love, which of the following is the ideal form of love? A. intimate love B. consummate love C. passion love D. romantic love

B. consummate love

On a(n) _________ level, prejudice is associated with negative feelings such as fear, dislike, or hatred. A. social conflict B. emotional C. cognitive D. behavioral

B. emotional

Innate, biologically determined patterns of behavior are called: A. drives B. instincts C. motives D. reflexes

B. instincts

Dr. Schmidt studies factors that activate and direct behavior toward an individual's goals called _______________. A. personality B. motivation C. cognition D. intelligence

B. motivation

Michael's boss tells him to report to work at 4:00 a.m. the next day. Michael is not happy about arriving at work at such an unusual hour, yet he does as told. In the context of social influence, his behavior is an example of: A. conformity B. obedience to authority C. inaccessibility of values D. groupthink

B. obedience to authority

Which of the following sequences best expresses the order in which the needs in Maslow's pyramid must be fulfilled, from the first to the last? A. physiological and safety - esteem - love and belongingness - self-actualization B. physiological and safety - love and belongingness - esteem - self-actualization C. self-actualization - love and belongingness - esteem - physiological and safety D. self-actualization - esteem - love and belongingness - physiological and safety

B. physiological and safety - love and belongingness - esteem - self-actualization

_________ approaches to motivation emphasize the appealing properties of external objects or goals. A. Drive-reduction B. Arousal C. Incentive D. Cognitive

C. Incentive

Larissa is highly invested in initiating and maintaining relationships. She is high in the need for A. association. B. assembly. C. affiliation. D. affinity.

C. affiliation

People are said to _________ when they change their behavior to adhere to social norms. A. groupthink B. facilitate C. conform D. rebel

C. conform

Jorge works for a finance company. His boss tells him that he will get a raise if he can complete his work two days before the actual deadline. The raise that Jorge is being offered is referred to as a(n) _____. A. drive B. need C. incentive D. desire

C. incentive

Social facilitation refers to: A. the concern that others are evaluating one's behavior. B. a method for inducing compliance in which a small request is followed by a larger request. C. the process by which a person's performance is increased when other members of a group engage in similar behavior. D. the tendency to view one's successes as stemming from internal factors and one's failures as stemming from external factors.

C. the process by which a person's performance is increased when other members of a group engage in similar behavior.

The terms intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are related to the ___ approach.

Cognitive

How do we describe a situation when a person holds two contradictory attitudes?

Cognitive dissonance

The love we feel for our parents or other family members is called ___.

Companionate love

The A-B problem focuses on:

Consistency between our attitudes and behavior.

The self-serving bias is the tendency to:

Credit our success to internal, dispositional factors and our failure to situational influences.

Which of the following is true of stereotyping? A. Stereotyping and prejudice are completely unrelated. B. Stereotyping is always positive. C. Stereotyping is the view that persuasive messages are evaluated on the basis of central and peripheral cues. D. Stereotyping may lead people to view members of groups in a biased fashion.

D. Stereotyping may lead people to view members of groups in a biased fashion.

When the lateral hypothalamus of a rat is destroyed, it may most likely: A. become hyperphagic. B. search frantically for food. C. eat until it doubles in size. D. become aphagic.

D. become aphagic

Lisa has been invited to a party. Immediately after receiving the invitation, she meets with a group of friends to discuss what they plan to wear to the party. Lisa then decides what to wear based on everybody's opinion. Lisa's behavior demonstrates: A. stereotyping B. groupthink C. obedience to an authority D. conformity

D. conformity

In the context of the Milgram studies, despite the expressed American ideal of independence, we are _________ from early childhood to obey authority figures such as parents and teachers. A. disposed B. attributed C. invested D. socialized

D. socialized

One major reason that groups tend to take greater risk than their members would take as individuals is ___.

Diffusion of responsibility

Which theory of motivation is similar to the views of pioneering psychologist Sigmund Freud?

Drive reduction theory

Performance goals are to ___ rewards as learning goals are to ___ rewards.

Extrinsic; intrinsic

Researchers have found brain cells that respond to only a single emotion. True or False.

False

Stereotypes are never positive. True or False.

False

Drag the type of love to its component(s), according to Sternberg's Triangular Model of Love.

Fatuous love - Passion + commitment Liking - Intimacy alone Consummate love - Intimacy + passion + commitment Empty love - Commitment alone Compassionate love - Intimacy + commitment Romantic love - Intimacy + passion Infatuation - Passion alone

The assumption that others act predominantly on the basis of their dispositions, even when there is evidence suggesting the importance of their situations, is ___.

Fundamental attribution error

Drag and place each need in accordance with Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs from lower order needs to higher order needs.

Higher: Self-Actualization > Esteem needs > Love and belongingness needs > Safety needs > Physiological needs :Lower

The ___ is signaled when there is a drop in blood sugar due to food deprivation.

Hypothalamus

Money, food, and a tangible reward can all be viewed as ___.

Incentives

Sternberg viewed love as involving ___.

Intimacy, passion, & commitment

Which theory of emotion contends that emotions are simply cognitive representations of automatic physiological and behavioral responses?

James-Lange

Which statement about gender and aggression is true?

Males are more likely to behave aggressively than females

Milgram's experiment found that ___.

Most people will torture an innocent person when they are ordered to

Which term describes the factors that direct and energizes the behavior of humans?

Motivation

Depression involves activation of the ___ nervous system.

Parasympathetic

Which psychologist's research suggested that facial expressions, associated with important emotions, are universal?

Paul Ekman

According to cognitive-dissonance theory, ___.

People are motivated to hold consistent beliefs and justify their behavior

Place the following needs in the correct sequence, according to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, listing the most basic needs first.

Physiological needs; Safety needs; Love and belongingness; Esteem needs; Self-actualization

Drive-reduction theory defines hunger, pain, and thirst as ___.

Primary drives

The ___ bias is the tendency to attribute success to personal factors.

Self-serving

Which of the following is one of the topics covered in your Unit 5 Interactive Homework?

Social Psychology

Which of the following is not a source of prejudice?

Social distortion

The process by which the presence of others improves our performance is known as ___.

Social facilitation

Which term describes a set of generalized beliefs and expectations about a specific group and its members?

Stereotype

Fear involves activation of the ___ nervous system.

Sympathetic

Which of the following hormones is strongly connected with the sex drive in women?

Testosterone

Altruism os the unselfish concern for others. True or false.

True

The links between attitudes and behaviors are ___.

Weak to moderate