psy201 chapter 14

Approximately 1 in _____ Americans reports having experienced a depressive or bipolar disorder in the past year.

10

As compared with its prevalence among girls, the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) among boys is:

2 times as frequent.

The symptoms of bipolar disorder begin to appear at a median age of about:

20

The percentage of Americans who reported suffering from attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in 2015 was:

4.1.

On any given day in December, 1 in _____ women will say that she cried that day.

5

The percentage of Americans who reported suffering from a phobia of a specific object or situation in 2015 was:

8.7.

_____ is characterized by moods that alternate between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the euphoric, hyperactive state of mania.

Bipolar disorder

Persistent depressive disorder

Persistent depressive disorder is not characterized by constant worry, but rather by a long-lasting mildly depressed mood.

_____ is the mental disorder that is MOST likely to lead to poverty

Schizophrenia

According to a study in 2004 by the World Health Organization, the lowest rate of reported mental disorders was in:

Shanghai

Lynette is released after a four-week stay at a psychiatric hospital. She needs to find an apartment near her job because she cannot afford a car. When she talks to potential landlords, how should she describe herself?

She should not tell them she was in a psychiatric hospital. Many people react negatively to those labeled mentally ill.

biopsychosocial

This model represents the interaction of the biological, socio-cultural, and psychological influences

Despite having several features in common, what is the primary distinction between anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa?

Those suffering from anorexia nervosa are drastically underweight, while those suffering from bulimia nervosa are within or above the normal range.

A psychologist gets an email referral from a prospective client whose name is Devon. Devon complains of stress, fatigue, and apathy. The psychologist asks if Devon is male or female. Why did the psychologist consider this important to know?

Women are more likely to suffer from depression.

In _____ disorder, the affected person is aggressive and ruthless and shows no sign of the conscience that would inhibit wrongdoing.

antisocial personality

Bobby stole money from the local grocery store on the corner to buy beer. He later assaulted a 72-year-old woman and stole her purse. In the alley, he dumped the purse, went to Starbucks for a cup of coffee, and proceeded to take the train over to the South Side. On the train, a passenger stepped on his shoes, and he threw the hot coffee into the passenger's face and laughed. Bobby would be considered to have:

antisocial personality disorder

Each of these disorders generally develops around age 20, EXCEPT:

antisocial personality disorder.

Brian often interrupts his teacher while she is speaking and frequently forgets to complete his homework assignments. He also has difficulty taking turns in playground games with classmates. Brian MOST clearly exhibits symptoms of:

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Overexcited hyperactivity is a feature of _____ disorder.

bipolar

Using _____, researchers have created chronically anxious, ulcer-prone rats by giving them unpredictable electric shocks.

classical conditioning

A clinician considering how a diagnostic label might be applied MOST appropriately is asking a question concerning the _____ of a psychological disorder.

classification

A _____ is a false belief that often accompanies psychotic disorders.

delusion

Eight-year-old Jamaiah is generally cranky and touchy. She is prone to tantrums. According to the DSM-5, Jamaiah might be diagnosed with _____ disorder.

disruptive mood dysregulation

In _____ disorders, awareness becomes separated from past feelings, thoughts, and memories. Angel has been arrested for grand theft auto. He claims that it was not him and that he knows nothing about the crime, as another one of his personalities must have done it. The court-appointed psychiatrist knows immediately that Angel does not suffer from _____ disorder, as the original personality generally denies awareness of the others.

dissociative

Susan's mother suffered from the flu during her pregnancy with Susan. Statistically, this increases Susan's risk of later developing schizophrenia. Maternal influenza is an example of a(n) _____ factor because it may influence the expression of a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia.

epigenetic

Lenore is continually tense and plagued by muscle tension, sleeplessness, and an inability to concentrate. Lenore MOST likely suffers from _____ disorder.

generalized anxiety

Elsa is a 50-year-old teacher who is openly gay. According to the American Psychiatric Association (APA), Elsa's homosexuality

is not classified as an illness.

Which symptom is NOT diagnostic of schizophrenia?

mania multple personalities

According to the _____ model, mental illness needs to be cured through therapy.

medical

Historically there have been a variety of models used to explain psychological disorders. The _____ model assumes that psychological disorders have physical causes that can be diagnosed and treated.

medical

Thirty-seven-year-old Steven is a single male who has suffered from depression all his life. He has been in treatment for the last week and a half and has begun taking an antidepressant. He is starting to feel better, but he is tired of living this way and does not want to face another depressive episode. In terms of risk factors for suicide, Steven is _____ likely to attempt suicide _____.

more; because his energy and initiative are rebounding

Michael is extremely fearful of germs. He sleeps in a special chamber at night, wears gloves, and will only eat food that he can unwrap. His symptoms are MOST characteristic of _____ disorder.

ocd

Autism and Asperger syndrome are now considered to be _____ in the DSM-5.

one combined disorder

Episodes of _____ followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise are common in individuals with bulimia nervosa. Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

overeating

People who engage in nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) may NOT be described as:

overly aggressive.

Which disorder usually develops in childhood or adolescence.

phobic disorder

The DSM-5 added many new psychological disorders to its list. A criticism of this change was that:

psychiatrists may be overextending the bounds of normality and labeling normal behavior as a disorder.

Schizophrenia is an example of a(n) _____ disorder.

psychotic

This helps maintain our phobias after they arise.

reinforcement

Constant overthinking and fretting about one's problems and their causes is known as _____; it is linked to depression.

rumination

Trina suffers from depression. Her physician has placed her on a popular antidepressant that will help to increase her _____ supplies by blocking reuptake so that her receptor sites get enough of this neurotransmitter.

serotonin

Sufferers of _____ anxiety disorder avoid settings where others might judge them because of the fear that they may be negatively evaluated. Avoiding eating in public, speaking up in public, and going to parties is characteristic of _____ anxiety disorder. Walter has an intense fear of speaking in public. Because he can only engage in one-on-one discussions, he has been passed over for promotions. He may be suffering from _____ disorder. Sally dreads giving presentations at work; she feels intensely afraid that her co-workers are negatively evaluating her. She is also apprehensive when she visits restaurants because she believes the other diners are scrutinizing her. Sally seems to suffer from _____ disorder.

social

Arianna displays very dysfunctional behavior. She is unable to care for herself, cannot dress herself, and has limited understanding of her surroundings. Prior to the reform movement influenced by Philippe Pinel, Arianna's behavior would MOST likely have been considered:

the result of demon possession.

As compared to New Yorkers outside the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, the risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) for their counterparts inside the towers was:

twice as high.

Neal has been diagnosed with major depressive disorder. Neal interprets negative stressful events using a pessimistic explanatory style. His explanatory style creates a hopeless depressed state, which then hampers the way Neal thinks and acts, causing more negative stressful events. Neal's depression is MOST likely due to a:

vicious cycle.

The _____ model argues that an individual's characteristics interact with environmental stressors to influence the likelihood of developing a psychological disorder.

vulnerability-stress