psyc 1101 chapter 13

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average American work spends approximately ________ hours working each week.

42 to 54

Which important legislation protected employees against discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin?

The 1964 Civil Rights Act, Title VII

The notion that workers tend to show an increase in performance when they know that they are being observed is called the ________ effect.

Hawthorne

Industrial-organizational psychology is a branch of psychology that studies ________.

how human behavior and psychology affect work and how they are affected by work

Isolation, a lack of job security, work overload, harassment, and bullying are all examples of factors that can lead to ________.

job stress

In job specification, what does the acronym KSA stand for?

knowledge, skills, abilities

Which of the following exemplifies an advertisement that would reflect a task-oriented approach to job analysis?

driver who can operate a forklift in small spaces, drive a cement-mixer, and handle explosive material

Managers at S-Mart routinely expect their employees to volunteer hours at the local veteran's center. The organization supports this practice since it shows commitment, empathy, and compassion, all things that S-Mart endorses as part of its company mission. This represents the ________ aspect of organizational culture.

espoused values

What is the most common reason for invoking a bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) as a defense against an employer accused of discrimination?

sex

Melora has a sick child at home. Her employer allows her to ________ for a week, so she can work from home, set her own hours, and complete most of her work while caring for her child.

telecommute

Lucia is optimistic about goal achievement, and she encourages her team to think critically and solve problems. She is also considerate of their needs. What type of leader is Lucia?

transformational

Dr. Diop is the head of an academic department in a school whose teachers have all been told to teach from home for the next month. She gets them all to have weekly check-ins using web-conferencing software so that they can meet while they're all at home. This is an example of a ________ team.

virtual

Several influential early psychologists studied issues that today would be categorized as industrial psychology. These individuals included James Cattell, Hugo Münsterberg, and Walter Dill Scott, who were all students of ________.

wihelm wundt

An organizational psychologist studies such topics as ________.

worker satisfaction, motivation, and commitment

Which of the following exemplifies a worker-oriented approach to job analysis?

works well under pressure and in group situations

Which individual was one of the first psychologists to apply the science of the field to advertising, management, and personnel selection?

Walter Dill Scott

According to Edwin Locke, job ________ is the state of feeling resulting from appraising one's job experiences, and a more modern definition includes the extent to which a person enjoys their job.

satisfaction

Ted conducts a study regarding how walking on a treadmill instead of sitting at a desk impacts worker productivity. Ted's study is within the industrial-organizational specialty area of ________ psychology.

human factors

Which term describes a form of informal training in which an experienced employee guides the work of a new employee?

mentoring

What area are human factors psychologists researching when they study when and how people decide to respond to engine failure during flight?

Cognitive task analysis

Which of the following is true regarding the accuracy and reliability of a job analysis?

It can depend on the nature of the descriptions and the source for the job analysis.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of strengths-based management?

Managers neglect improving their weaknesses and overusing their strengths.

What has research found to be the primary difference between male and female leadership style?

Women tend to practice an interpersonal style and men practice a task-oriented style.

A police or FBI SWAT team handling a hostage situation exemplifies a ________ team.

tactical

What area are human factors psychologists researching when they study what steps people take to successfully wash their hands before performing surgery?

task analysis

Hershel is a strict, goal-oriented manager. When his team achieves their daily productivity goals he rewards them with long lunches and bonus pay. When his team falls behind, he extends the work day by an hour and cuts lunch by fifteen minutes. What type of leader is Hershel?

transactional