PSYC 210 Dr. Edens TAMU Exam 3
How long does just the intercourse last?
3-13 minutes
Latest US National survey
41 different kinds of sexual combinations
Anal sex: gay men
70-80% common
Amount of replacement fantasies
98% men and 80% women in heterosexual relationships reported having a replacement fantasy
IUD
A small plastic device in the uterus; prevents fertilized sperm from implanting in the uterus - Left for 3-12 yrs - Effective immediately - No delay in return to fertility - No protect STIs - Irregular bleeding Perfect use: 99.9%
Scissoring
A technique that lesbians use that brings the vulvas together
Adolescent masturbation
Adolescent masturbation is related to later satisfaction with marital sex
Attraction: personal factors
Affective/mood Positive mood = positive view Avoid negging Physiological arousal: if already aroused, more likely to be attracted to others
What do all love theories agree
All agree love is important All agree that multiple types of love exist all agree that adult romantic love can be divided into either companionate or passionate love
Most sexual behaviors are healthy
Behavior engaged by a completely free choice No physical or psychological damage done to self No physical or psychological harm done to others No interference with daily life
"The shot"
Hormonal method; requires an injection at regular intervals, about every 3 months; requires doctor's prescription - 24hrs after 1st shot - not recommended after 2 years; bone density concern - no protection against STIs - yr after final injection, could still be infertile Typical use: 97% (less human interaction) Perfect use: 99.7%
Consumate love
IDEAL LOVE, maintaining harder than achieving, work through issues, still sexual far into relationship Intimacy, passion, AND commitment
Poor gum health and STIs
If you have poor gum health or micro-abrasions in your mount you can get STIs
HPV
Immune system most often rids body after 1-2 years
Anxious-disorganized attachment
Inconsistent behavior- anxious of all people whom seeking security - disorganized ideas about love and safety - avoids all social situations - negative self image, believes self unworthy of love
Fisting
Inserting a hand into the anus or vagina
Passionate love
Intense longing for union with another and a state of profound physiological arousal Emotional highs and lows Idealization, mental preoccupation, sexual attraction Most college student has fallen "in love" at least once Low levels of serotonin
Four categories of sexual fantasies
Intimacy Exploratory Impersonal or "forbidden" sex Dominance-submission
Friendship
Intimacy without passion or commitment
Hormondal methods
Introduce synthetic hormones that prevent ovulation, thicken cervical mucus, and/or prevent a fertilized egg from implanting
Feature of an unhealthy realtionship
Isolates you from others Verbally abusive (calls you names) Blames you for their bad behavior Intimidates you or makes you feel afraid Is extremely jealous Tries to control you through emotions or threats of self-harm Is physically abusive
Benefits of masturbation
Pleasurable Related to long-term sexual satisfaction Stress reliever Outlet for lack of sex Masturbation prescribed by sex therapists for some clients
A person who is sexually healthy (psychologically) feels...
Positively about own sexuality Fulfillment from own relationships and behaviors Free to choose to participate or not in a variety of behaviors Able to say "no" when appropriate
Surgical methods
Prevent pregnancy permanently
Attraction: social/environnemental factors
Propinquity or proximity effect (mere exposure effect; familiar and less dangerous) Scarcity: "hard to get" As scarcity increases, desirability also increases When someone gets in a relationship then you find them attractive
Positive conflict strategies
Reason: presenting alternatives/solutions Assertion: clearly stating position Partner support: active listening and compromising
What lubricants are available?
Traditional ones: Vegetable oil Baby oil Saliva Mayo Hand cream Butter Vaseline New types: water-based oil based
How are STIs spread?
Transmitted through: sex (oral, anal, and vaginal), Skin-to-skin contact (especially genital), blood-tp-blood contact, vaginal birth (mother to child)
Perfect use: birth control
Used consistently and correctly
What are lubricants?
Using it does not mean there's a problem It is one of the most common purchases at sex toy stores Both men and women report enjoy using it
Male masturbation
Very common 2-3x more often then females Usually start before first partnered sexual intercourse Usually accomplished via rhythmic stroking of penis body and glans (most men) Some also stimulate testicles
How likely is it that elderly individuals have engaged in oral sex?
Very common Very likely
Vibartor truths
Very popular among women Usage is highest among non-heterosexual women but about 50% of heterosexual women report using them Commonly used for masturbation but also used with partnered sex 40% of men have used them mostly with women
Anal sex and STIs
Very risky- transmission of HIV HIV transmission during unprotected anal sex is higher than unprotected vaginal intercourse Receptive v. insertive (receptive 13x more likely to contract HIV)
Sex toys
Vibrators (personal massagers)- vibrate much higher frequency than natural sex Dildos- don't vibrate Anal beads, cock rings, masterbatory sleeves, erotic dolls
Vibrator myths
Vibrators are addictive Women who want to use vibrators are leaving men out or feel men are inadequate Vibrators are harmful to your anatomy
2nd highest sexual behavior
Watching their partner undress (slowly)
Lubricants to use with condoms
Water based or silicone based with condoms DO Not use oil based lube with condoms
Good steps for anal sex
Wear a condom Always use lube Allow anal muscles to relax after penetration to avoid injury Wash any body part that was engaged in anal stimulation before vaginal or oral penetration Communication is key Be careful; have a voice
In sexual behaviors what do we mean when something is normal?
What is "normal" differs across cultures and changes throughout history Normal = common Includes a range of behaviors
Fatuous love
Whirlwind romance Passion without intimacy or commitment
Behavioral methods
Withdrawal, abstinence, outercourse, fertility awareness
Man behind (doggie style)
Women lies down facing away from man Women crouches with back side to man Women stands up and leans over some object Clitoris can be stimulated; sights of women's butt/back can be arousing No eye contact
Women's movement and sexual revolution
Women like men could enjoy sex and had sexual desire The pill Different positions (women could no be on top)
STIs can spread
even when the partner does not know
Sternberg's three components of love
intimacy, passion, commitment
Typical use: birth control
not necessarily used consistently or correctly
Bridge Study
participants confronted by attractive experimenter after crossing wobbly or stable bridge, then given experimenters number. scary bridge people called because of arousal.
Just because a behavior is uncommon does not mean that...
the behavior is unhealthy
Perfect use failure rate
the number of pregnancies (per 100 users) that are likely to occur in the first year of use of a particular birth control method if the method is used consistently and correctly aka: theoretical effectiveness
Typical use failure rate
the number of pregnancies (per 100 users) that are likely to occur in the first year of use of a particular birth control method if the method's use is not consistent or always correct
Emergency Contraceptives
"Morning after pills" not "abortion pills" - Delays or inhibits ovulation, inhibits fertilization, or blocks implantation of fertilized egg - Does not work if a pregnancy already exists - Plan B One-Step, generic equivalent Next Choice 89% effective within 72 hrs 95% effective within 24hrs - Ella, the newest ECP, is only available by prescription ( can be taken within 5 days) - Higher doses of estrogen and progestin No protection from STIs
Do virginity pledges work?
"Taking a pledge doesn't seem to make any differences at all in any sexual behavior" Teens who made these commitments started having sex at the same age, with the same number of partners, as if they had done nothing at all
What's a bid?
"The fundamental unit of emotional communication" Can be small or big Verbal or nonverbal They're request to connect; they might take the form of an expression, question, or physical outreach They can be funny, serious, or sexual in nature
Infatuated love
"crushes" or solely sexual relationships Fizzle out over time Passion without intimacy or commitment
Regrets with first sexual encounter
"wish i had waited" "wish i was in a committed (love) relationship"
Gottman's Love Lab (empirically supported)
- Bids predicted 94% love relationship success - arousal levels: calm = master, anxious = disaster - bids = request for connection - kindness v. contempt
Variables to consider when choosing a sex position
- Eye contact - Weight bearing and other physical considerations - Accessibility other erotic areas
Abstinence
- Intentional avoidance sexual contact to avoid pregnancy, STIs - Effective 100% of time if truly avoiding all sexual activity
External male condom
- Latex and polyurethane protect against STIs Natural or skin condoms (don't protect from STIs) - Come with/out spermicide or lube- oil lubes disintegrate condoms Typical use: 85% Perfect use: 98%
Contraceptive implant
- Match stick sized rod in lower arm - Releases low, steady dose of progestin up to 3 yrs, suppressing ovulation - Inserted by dr - High initial cost - Irregular period - No STIs protect - Discrete - No blood clotting perfect use: 99%
Who enjoys oral sex most?
- Men report higher levels of enjoyment in both felatio and cunnilingus - Women unease with receiving due to attractiveness of vulva - More people prefer receiving it than giving it - Women enjoy receiving more than giving - Both men and women who perform cunnilingus enjoy doing it
Eastern cultures: love/relationships
- More realistic - Love follows marriage - Love not needed to stay together - Divorce rate less than 10% - Arranged - Family/group prioritized - Selection based on religion, education, etc.
Progestin-only pills
- No estrogen - Ovulation may occur, prevents pregnancy by thickening cervical mucus and interfering with implantation - Must be taken at same time each day (w/in 3hrs) - Doesn't protect against STIs Typical use: 91% Perfect use: 98%
Contraceptive path
- Releases hormones similar to those in oral contraceptives, each patch worn for 1 week - Regulated menstrual cycle - No protection STIs - Risk blood clot - Not discrete Typical use: 92% Perfect use: 99.7%
Diaphragms
- Soft, shallow cup made of thin latex rubber. must be fitted by Dr - One of 1st widely used contraceptives- fits behind and in front of cervix to prevent access to uterus - Must be used with spermicide - Can easily slip out of place - Can only protect against some STIs Typical use: 83-86% Perfect use: 94%
Oral sex and STIs
- Syphillis - Gonorrhea - Chlamydia - Hepatitis - HPV - HIV can get STI in mouth, throat, oral, rectal, genitals intestinal parasites, e coli, hep A & B - Can be spread even when partner shows no signs of infection
Early love theorists
- complex experience - more than one variety exists - not based on scientific data - Today: use statistical methods to identify types of love
STIs dental dams DO Not protect against
- skin to skin contact - HPV - Herpes - Public lice
Bacteria STDs
-Gonorrhea, chlamydia, haemophilus, treponema aka syphillis -Treatment: antibiotics
Top 4 characteristics of attraction across 37 countries
1. Mutual attraction (love) 2. Dependability 3. Emotional stability/maturity 4. Pleasing disposition Women higher on ambition/economic potential Men higher on physical appeal
Elements for maintaining a positive relationship
1. proximity, physical attractiveness 2. similarity 3. mutual self-disclosure, equity, commitment 4. change and adaptation
Most preferred sexual behavior
1. vaginal sex appealing to 95% of men + women 2. watching partner undress 3. oral sex (receiving) 4. anal least appealing (less than 5% engage in it)
5 Love Languages (Gary Chapman)
1. words of affirmation 2. quality time 3. receiving gifts 4. acts of service 5. physical touch Empirical support has been limited
How long does the whole process last? (foreplay, intercourse, and afterplay)
15-60 minutes
Anxious-avoidant attachment
An insecure attachment between infant and caregiver, characterized by indifference on the part of the infant toward the caregiver - strict parents - kids avoid showing feelings - negative self image
Anxious-ambivalent attachment
An insecure attachment style characterized by a child's intense distress when reunited with a primary caregiver after separation - anxiety about relationships - clingy - raise emotional state to get attention - less positive self image
Unsafe behaviors (contact with semen, blood or other bodily fluids)
Anal intercourse without a condom Vaginal intercourse without a condom Cunnilingus without dental dam during mentration
The Gottman Institute
Article explaining the predictors of divorce for happy and unhappy couples Particularly the four horsemen Strong marriages are built on ordinary day-to-day moments such as responding to your partner's bids
secure attachment
Attachments rooted in trust and marked by intimacy - worldview shaped - positive self image
Where can you get an STI test on campus
Beutel building in student health services building
Barrier methods
Block the egg and sperm from joining
Other things to consider: anal sex
Both partners should be willing Get relaxed and in the mood (works best with foreplay; if not interested it can be hard to relax) Start small (fingers/toy first before penis; glove can help) Use lots of lube and condom (anus is not naturally lubricated; tears can occur) Go slow (communicate; person being penetrated should control the speed and depth of penetration)
Problems with fantasies
Cause intense or chronic distress Fantasies about non-consensual activities, that might be harmful to them and they are worried they might act on them Fantasies becoming an obsession or preoccupation
Fertility awareness methods
Cervical mucus method: track changes in mucus to estimate ovulation - Cloudy/gummy when ovulation - Slippery, clear, viscous (stringy) when ovulating Body temperature method: body gets warmer during ovulation due to hormones Calendar method: "rhythm method"
Spermicides
Chemical barrier applied before intercourse Can be messy Does not require a prescription DO NOT protect against STIs Typical use: 72% Perfect use: 82%
Negative conflict strategies
Coercion: threats, aggression, sarcasm, blame Manipulation: making partner feel guilty Avoidance: avoiding eye contact, and conflict
Withdrawal method
Coitus interrupts or "pulling out" Very unreliable due to the amount of sperm in pre-ejaculate fluid released before ejaculation - 500,000 sperm in 1 drop precum - 35% aggies this is primary type of contraception Typical use: 70%
Sternberg's Decision/Commitment component
Commit to loving a person through good times and bad and maintain a relationships over time
Female masturbation
Common start after first partnered sexual intercourse Fairly common- 40% aged 18-59 have masturbated in the last year Majority of women have masturbated at some point in their life Women use a variety of techniques and toys Some women also penetrate the vagina with fingers or device but NOT many
Early love theories
Complex experience More than one variety (friendship and platonic love) Not based on scientific data
Higher education and oral sex/masturbation
Higher education levels related to higher masturbation and oral levels
Condom myths
Condoms break a lot Condoms can be reused condoms are too small for me
Attraction factors: object of attraction
Desirable characteristics Moderate sexual experience Physical appeal: first characteristic people notice (average body size and symmetrical faces) Similarity and receptivity
Dos of sex toys
Do buy quality - Silicone rubber often preferred for flexibility, smooth surface, ease for cleaning do clean sex toys well after use
How to Put On An External Condom
Do use a condom every time you have sex Do put on a condom before having sex Do read the package and check expiration date Do make sure there are no tears or defects Do store condoms in cool, dry place Do use latex or polyurethane condoms Do use water-based or silicone-based lube to prevent breakage DON'T STORE CONDOM IN YOUR WALLET
Don't of sex toys
Don't use lube on toy without first testing it Don't share sex toys with others - HPV has been detected on even "cleaned" toys
Blacks are less likely to:
Engage in oral or anal sex - latinos: less likely to masturbate, engage in oral or anal than whites - higher education levels related to higher masturbation and oral levels
Combo pills- oral contraceptive
Estrogen and progesterone 1st marked in the 1960s - Most commonly used in todays society - Taken in cycle (3wks on, 1 wk off) - Must be taken daily - Can lead to blood clots, high BP - Doesn't protect against STIs Typical use:91% Perfect use: 98%
Women on top position
Face to face Women can lie down or sit up Gives women more control (more common in countries with greater equality) Women tends to get more stimulation than missionary and man less so Breasts can be touched when sitting up
Exploratory sexual fantasies
Fantasy of never-before-tried sexual behaviors (ex. group sex or same-sex activities) Experimentation Does not mean they want to act on it
Intimacy sexual fantasies
Fantasy of sexual activities with one specific known partner
Dominance and submission
Fantasy of themes of dominance and submission More common for Males to be dominant fantasies Females more common submissive fantasy
Impersonal or "forbidden" sex fantasies
Fantasy of watching others; fetishes Sex with strangers or questionable partners
Vaginal contraceptive ring
Flexible ring releasing steady, small amounts of estrogen and progesterone to prevent pregnancy - Lower doses than patch and some pills- requires initial exam and prescription, monthly changes, ongoing purchases - 68% rarely/never feel it during sex - 94% don't mind it - 83% wearers cant feel it Typical use: 91% Perfect use: 99%
Partnered people masturbation
For most of them masturbation does not prevent satisfying sexual relationships with others
Dr. Doe How to Hav a Clitoral Orgasm
French call the orgasm "the little death"
Sternberg's Intimacy Component
Friendships Closeness High regard Caring for others Mutual trust
Empty love
Frustrated marriage, strong love deteriorated, arranged marriage Commitment without passion or intimacy Married couple that are about to get a divorce
Virus STDs
HIV/AIDS, genital herpes, HPV - No treatment
Sternberg's Passion Component
Physical attraction Fascination Romance Sexual relations
First sexual behavior man American people engage in
Kissing A bonding behavior It is associated with better relationships and with satisfaction with amount of sex Women: like kissing after sex Men: like kissing before sex
Wester cultures: love/relationships
Leading factors: physical attraction and romantic love - More romantic - Require love for marriage - Require love for staying together - Divorce rate 40-50% - Based on love
Companionate love
Long term marriages, family members, close friends - based on togetherness, trust, sharing, affection - more realistic than romantic - stable and enduring - associated with chemicals oxytocin (orgasm) & vasopressin (forming bonds) - Intimacy and commitment without passion
What is love?
Love cements many sexual relationships
Speaking Your Partner's Love Language May Not Matter article
Love language alignment doesn't result in happier relationships Individuals have a dominant or primary love language Little research has been done on The Five Love Languages Research showed that couples who had the same love language were no more happy than those who had different love languages
Who has sex more frequently married couples or single people?
Married people have more sex 1-3 times a week Frequency and duration decline with age 20% of married couples hd NO sex in the last year Length of sex is longer for younger people
Latinos are less likely to:
Masturbate, engage in oral or anal than whites
PrEP
Medicine taken daily that can be used to prevent HIV infection. Is for people without HIV who are very high at risk for acquiring it from sex or injection drug use.
Romantic love
Physical and emotional bonds, easy to dissolve Intimacy and passion without commitment Romeo and Juliet love
Oral-genital sex: pleasure
Men report it being more pleasurable than actual sex (more intense) Many women report that oral stimulation of the area around the clitoris more pleasurable than actual sex
Vibrators and sex toys
More common with women and gay/bisexual men than heterosexual men
Missionary sex position
Most frequently reported position Man lies between women's legs and supports himself on elbows or hands Man or women guides penis into vagina Women or man can stimulate the clitoris simultaneously Most common position across cultures
Anal sex: heterosexual men
Much lower among heterosexual couples 10% common Reasons can be to avoid pregnancy, to avoid "having sex" in the narrow sense of the word, anus is tighter than the vagina
#1 sexual fantasy
Multi-partner sex (ex. threesomes, orgies, group sex)
Dr. Doe Answers Masturbation Questions
Myth #1: Sex replaces masturbation Myth #2: If I masturbate I'm going to pee Myth #3 bisexual females put their fingers inside their vagina
Americans who masturbate
Nearly half of all Americans who masturbate continue to feel guilty or wrong about it
Facing backwards (reverse cowgirl)
No eye contact Allows for deeper penetration Not very popular
Most common symptom of STIs
No symptoms at all
What sexual behavior do people enjoy but report not receiving enough
Oral sex; want more than they are getting
Fellatio
Oral stimulation of a man's genitals
Rimming
Oral stimulation of the anus
Cunnilingus
Oral stimulation of the female genitals
Passionate vs. companionate love graph
Passionate love starts very high on intensity and then ends up dropping and fizzling out over time Companionate love stays relatively stable over time while increasing slowly over years
Anal sex
Penetration of the anus by the penis or dildo (not the same as rear entry coitus) Anus has nervous nerve endings and is very sensitive to touch Anal sphincter muscle undergoes rhythmic contractions during orgasm in both men and women Few people can be brought to orgasm by anal sex alone
Attraction factors
Personal factors Object of attraction Social/enviromental factors
Anal douching
Rectal douching is the act of rinsing the rectum with intent to clean it, typically in preparation for anal sex
Side by side position
Relaxing for both partners Top legs are lifted and positioned to accommodate easy entry of penis
Gender differences in fantasies
Replacement: male & female Romance/commitment: female More explicit/visual: male More submission: female Dominance: male
Tribadism
Rubbing genital areas together, or rubbing genital areas against other body parts This term describes lesbian behavior, but other people engage in similar behavior ("dry humping")
Plilematology
Science of kissing
Surgical method
Second leading method of contraception for women of all ages and the leading method for contraception among married women and women over 35 Sterilization: highly effective and permanent - Tubal ligation - Hysterectomy - Vasectomy No protection from STIs
Safe behaviors
Sexual behaviors with a partner who has no STIs Massage, hugging, kissing w/o saliva, body rubbing (dry humping), masturbation, mutual masturbation, sexual fantasy, watching porn, online sex, sex toys (if clean), taking a bath together
Sexual intercourse (coitus)
Sexual contact between individuals involving penetration, especially the insertion of a man's erect penis into a women's vagina, typically culminating in orgasm and the ejaculation of semen
Replacement fantasy
Sexual fantasy in which one imagines oneself having sex with someone other than the current partner-- within the past 2 months MOST PEOPEL EXPERIENCE THIS
Non-love
Simple, casual acquaintances NO intimacy, passion, or commitment
Internal condoms
Single use, soft, loose-fitting polyurethane sheath meant for internal use (vaginal or anal) One unity with two flexible rings Can prevent the spread of STIs Typical use: 78% (hard to use) Perfect use: 95%
Felching
Sucking semen out of a partner's anus
Types of barrier methods
The male condom The female condom Jellies, creams, foams, suppositories, and film The diaphragm The cervical cap The sponge
Coital alignment technique (CAT)
The male lies above the female but moves upward along the woman's body, until his erection, which would otherwise point "up," is pointing "down", The dorsal side of the penis now pressing against the clitoris; the male's body moves downward (relative to the female's) during the inward stroke, and upward for the outward stroke.
Masturbation can be a problem if...
Your partner's masturbatory behavior interferes with you sexual satisfaction and/or health of your relationship (ex. your partners gets more satisfaction from masturbating than your relationships) excessive and prevents you from effectively functioning in other aspects of your life
Statistically normal
a large number of people engage in it
Attachment theory
a strong emotional and physical attachment to at least one primary caregiver is critical to personal development Feel safe to explore if strong bond, but if weak bond, feel insecure, scared to leave or explore
