PSYC TEST 3: launchpad questions: module 36, 37, 38, 39

Which researcher showed that six basic facial expressions are culturally universal?

Paul Ekman

The danger in resorting to catharsis as a way of dealing with anger is that:

anger leads to further anger

The sympathetic nervous system is to _____as the parasympathetic nervous system is to ____

arousal; calming

According to the _____effect, to improve a depressed mood one could walk briskly while swinging their arms and looking forward

behavior feedback

Mark is embarrassed by the fact that he displays emotion when watching a film with sad or sentimental scenes. What could Mark do to help control these emotions while viewing this type of film?

bite on an ice pop stick

Sydney is on her way to a meeting with her boss. In response to this anxiety-provoking situation, her

blood flows to her muscles

A train is rapidly approaching and Antonio's car stalls in the middle of the railroad tracks. His emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by:

dilation of his pupils

In a senior writing seminar, students were asked to write a brief autobiography. Sixty years later the students MOST likely to be alive and healthy are those who had expressed which of these in their autobiographies

happiness, love, and other positive feelings

Jim recently received a large inheritance from a distant relative. Based on research, we can expect that Jim will

initially be happy, but will then adjust and need more to be happy

The James-Lange theory of emotion suggests that the experience of emotion:

is the awareness of one's physiological responses to emotion-arousing stimuli

After John's stroke, his family noticed he was depressed and had difficulty showing positive emotions. This was contrary to the easygoing, positive characteristics he formerly displayed. According to Eddie Harmon-Jones, the stroke was probably located in the: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

left frontal lobe

Individuals who have an internal locus of control generally have

less obesity

One study of the predictors of a longer life followed more than 5200 adults for 28 years. Because the participants were tracked for a long period of time, this study exemplifies a _____research design.

longitudinal

People tend to _____the long-term emotional impact of sustaining a paralyzing physical injury and they tend to _____ the long-term emotional impact of acquiring wealth.

overestimate; overestimate

Two people can experience the same event, and one may find the event to be very stressful, while the other does not. This is because

people interpret events differently.

Research on people's response to retirement has indicated that CEOs generally adjust very well to retirement, while blue-collar workers fare less well. This disparity is due to the retirees':

perceived control

People with a(n) _____outlook expect negative outcomes

pessimistic

The perception that people are worse off than those with whom they compare themselves to is known as:

relative deprivation

During a job interview, the prospective employee laughs at Ms. Dolly's jokes and seems to feign his smiles. She knows this from all of these clues EXCEPT that the smiles:

seem too wide

Jan, who is on a strict diet, often finds herself cheating when she is tired or stressed. This is because her _____varies over time.

self-control

A woman, alone in a house, ignores the creaking sounds she hears and experiences no stress. Another woman might hear the same sounds, suspect an intruder, and thus become alarmed. These different reactions illustrate the importance of

stress appraisal

Darnell was accused of a crime and asserts that he is innocent. Familiar with the unreliability of polygraph tests, he asked for a more reliable test. What is likely to be the MOST reliable test of his guilt or innocence?

the Concealed Information Test

Olivia has an ongoing disagreement with her husband about their 7-week-old infant. Olivia is certain that their infant can experience a wide variety of emotions. Her husband says young infants do not have that ability. Olivia is probably right, because according to Carroll Izard, people experience _____basic emotions, most of which are present at infancy.

10

Roger has a great deal on his plate. He works full time, he also has a part-time job, and has a new consulting company in response to his son's special needs. He seems to be coping with everything quite well for the moment anyway. In Selye's general adaptation syndrome, Roger is in Phase

2, in a state of resistance

Compared to people in good marriages, people who are divorced are nearly _____percent more likely to die early.

25

Maya owes the credit card company $20,000, her adjustable-rate mortgage has just gone up, and she has been out of work for 3 months. Her husband of 15 years came home today to tell her he is having an affair and wants a divorce. With that news, she collapsed and had to be taken to the emergency room. In Selye's general adaptation syndrome, Maya is in Phase:

3, in a state of exhaustion

Heredity accounts for about _____ percent of the variation among people in happiness ratings.

35

Transitioning from an active exercise routine to a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk of depression in the next two years by just over _____percent.

50

According to the textbook, in looking at 206 studies of people's abilities to discern lies from truths, people were about _____percent accurate.

54

Type _____personalities direct their negative emotion toward dominating others

A

The _____Test is an approach to lie detection which assesses a suspect's physiological response to crime-scene details known only to police investigators and the perpetrator of the crime.

Concealed Information Test

The _____is an approach to lie detection which assesses a suspect's physiological response to crime-scene details known only to police investigators and the perpetrator of the crime.

Concealed Information Test

Which theory of emotion is correctly matched with the sequence of events it proposes?

James-Lange—stimulus > physiological response > emotional experience

Evidence that emotion follows physiological arousal would be most consistent with the _____. Evidence that emotion follows the placement of a cognitive label on physiological arousal would be most consistent with the _____.

James-lanhe theory; two-factor theory

_____coping is to addressing work problems with a colleague as _____ coping is to talking to your hairstylist about all of the problems at work.

Problem-focused; emotion-focused

Sandy is a human resources director for a chain of fast-food restaurants. When interviewing perspective employees, Sandy is known to finish their sentences and to be very short with them if they do not finish a sentence quickly. According to Friedman, Rosenman, and colleagues, which of these would be accurate of Sandy?

Sandy is a Type A personality.

Emotion is a response that includes physiological arousal, expressive behavior, and conscious experience. These components may be exemplified, respectively, by:

a pounding heart, increased pace, and a sense of fear.

A physical and emotional response to a challenging or threatening event is called:

a stress reaction

After the terrorist attacks of 9/11, many people from around the country went to New York City to lend aid. This response to stress is an example of:

a tend-and-befriend response

_____confirmed that basic facial expressions are culturally universal

ekman

_____is an organism's response to a stimulus that includes a mixture of bodily arousal, expressive behaviors, and conscious experience

emotion

Joseph has been experiencing financial problems associated with his recent divorce. He was able to save $300 from his tips, but since he could not pay off his bills, he decided to purchase a flat-screen television to help him take his mind off of his stress. This is an example of ______coping

emotion-focused

Sarah recently had a routine medical test conducted. Her doctor contacted her and told her that there were some irregularities and further tests were needed. While Sarah was concerned about the results, she dealt with her stress by talking to friends, spending time with her family, and staying busy. This is an example of _____coping.

emotion-focused

Carl and Ralph both earned a D on their psychology test. Carl believes that his low grade was because his teacher does not like him. Ralph believes that his low grade was due to bad luck. Carl demonstrates an _____locus of control; Ralph demonstrates an _____ locus of control.

external; external

After receiving approval to begin a long-awaited consulting project, Dr. Morris was much more inclined to contribute to the local giving campaign in town. This BEST illustrates: Please choose the correct answer from the following choices, and then select the submit answer button.

feel good, do-good

Julia awakes in the middle of the night to the sound of breaking glass. Her increased heart rate and respiration can BEST be explained as:

fight-or-flight response

When people are absorbed in an activity that challenges but does not overwhelm them, they are in a state called ______.

flow

Dallas thinks two of his friends are highly compatible, so he is trying to get them together. To help get them interested in each other, Dallas might have them _____for a couple of minutes

gaze into each other's eyes

When faced with an overwhelming workload, an example of problem-focused coping would be

getting a deadline extended

A study of Catholic nuns asked to write a brief autobiography at age 22 found that those who had expressed _____in their autobiographies lived an average of 7 years longer.

happiness, love, and other positive feelings

Studies have shown that people who are easily angered to even small amounts of stress are more prone to

heart attacks

Which of these is more likely to increase the likelihood of a heart attack victim having another attack?

major depression

Relaxing, silently attending to your inner state, without judging, and mentally scanning your body from head to toe are all components of:

mindfulness meditation

Research suggests that women are better than men at decoding the emotions of others. This partly explains why women have _____than men

more emotional responsiveness to positive and negative situations

Jade emigrated from rural India to the United States at the age of 17. In India, Jade and her family lived in poverty. In the past 10 years, Jade's circumstances have improved immeasurably. Based on the adaptation-level phenomenon, Jade's happiness level should now be:

much higher

People's facial expressions depict the same feelings regardless of culture, largely because facial expressions

occur unconsciously

The proportion of very religious people is ______that of nonreligious people who smoke

one-half

Nina was almost hit by a bus. However, she is okay and her parasympathetic system is responding accordingly. It is:

slowing her heart rate and activating her digestion

Lisa McCann and David Holmes assigned one-third of a group of mildly depressed female college students to a program of aerobic exercise, one-third to a treatment of relaxation exercises, and the remaining one-third (a control group) to no treatment. Which group reported the greatest decrease in depression?

those in the aerobic exercise group

When Jason, aged 10, comes home from school, he is often very loud, energetic, and sometimes irritable. His mother is worried about his impulsiveness, but is unsure if it is a problem because he seems to only act this way when he has had school that day and his teacher described him as well-behaved in the classroom. The BEST explanation for Jason's after-school behavior is that he:

used up self control in school

According to the behavior feedback effect, what could one do to improve a depressed mood?

walking briskly swaying arms back and forth

Research suggests that women, more than men, are more likely to discern whether or not a couple is romantically involved. This is because

women are more skilled at reading nonverbal emotional cues