PSYC2501 CH. 7

From the behavior of H.M., who experienced memory problems after a brain operation, we can conclude that the hippocampus is important in

long-term memory acquisition.

Acquiring information and transforming it into memory is

encoding

Which example below best demonstrates state-dependent learning?

Although Emily doesn't very often think about her first love, Steve, she can't help getting caught up in happy memories when "their song" (the first song they danced to) plays on the radio.

How would you describe the relationship between elaborative rehearsal and maintenance rehearsal in terms of establishing long-term memories?

Elaborative is more effective than maintenance.

The memory mechanism Hebb proposed is associated with

both changes at the synapse and long-term potentiation.

____ transforms new memories from a fragile state, in which they can be disrupted, to a more permanent state, in which they are resistant to disruption.

consolidation

People often report an annoying memory failure when they walk from one end of the house to the other for something and then forgetting what they went to retrieve when they reach their destination. As soon as they return to the first room, they are reminded of what they wanted in the first place. This common experience best illustrates the principle of

encoding specificity

The principle that we learn information together with its context is known as

encoding specificity

In Slameka and Graf's (1978) study, some participants read word pairs, while other participants had to fill in the blank letters of the second word in a pair with a word related to the first word. The latter group performed better on a later memory task, illustrating the

generation effect

Students, beware! Research shows that _____ does not improve reading comprehension because it does not encourage elaborative processing of the material.

highlighting

_______ cues help us remember information that has been stored in memory.

retrieval

According to memory research, studying is most effective if study sessions are

short and across several days

Transfer-appropriate processing is likely to occur if

the type of encoding and type of retrieval match.

According to the levels of processing theory, which of the following tasks will produce the best long-term memory for a set of words?

Making a connection between each word and something you've previously learned

Recent research on memory, based largely on fear conditioning in rats, indicates that

when a memory is reactivated, it becomes fragile, just as it was immediately after it was formed.