Psych 105 Review Test 3

Which of the following is most likely to cause people to have difficulty falling asleep?

becoming accustomed to going to bed late and then trying to shift to going to bed earlier

In which of these does a person have the LEAST amount of brain activity and responsiveness?

brain death

According to Cattell, if we examine the intelligence of a person at age 20 and again at age 50, we are most likely to find

decreasing fluid intelligence, but steady or increasing crystallized intelligence

In an environment in which temperature, light, and other conditions remain constant 24 hours a day, most people

still awaken and go to sleep on nearly a 24-hour schedule

What evidence do most studies of heritability of human intelligence consider?

twins and adopted children

When asked about the body shape that the opposite sex finds most attractive, women _____ and men ____ the weight that the opposite sex actually prefers.

underestimate, overestimate

Ravens Progressive Matrices can be used to measure intelligence of people who speak other languages

True

goals become more effective if you talk about them publicly

True

IQ tests attempt to measure an individual's probable performance in school and similar settings

True

If you go without sleep all night, you feel more alert the next morning than you did late in the night

True

Just putting a larger portion of food on the plate influence people to eat more

True

IQ

Alfred Binet

Why do cats sleep more than sheep?

Cats are in less danger while they sleep.

G-Factor

Charles Spearman

A 5 year old who has a Stanford Binet IQ score of 116 is more intelligent than an 8 year old who also has a score of 116

False

Larger animals species need more sleep than smaller species

False

Most neurons stop all activity during sleep

False

The best way to see whether a test is based is to see whether one group of people does better than another

False

When you decide to so something, you make the conscious decision slightly before the relevant activity begins in your brain

False

The phenomenon that mean IQ scores rise from one generation to the next, unless the test is made more difficult, is known as what?

Flynn effect

Multiple intelligences

Gardner

Which of the following theories holds that intelligence includes unrelated abilities such as language, music, logic, body movement, and social sensitivity?

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences

fluid and crystallized intelligence

Raymond Cattell

triarchic theory

Sternberg

The human-relations approach to job design is also called

Theory Y

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, certain motivations take priority over others

True

According to Abraham Maslow, what do we do when we have several motivations?

We start with the lowest need and work up

Which kind of goal is most effective in increasing your efforts?

a goal that is realistic but challenging

During REM sleep,

dreams are most likely to occur

A study compared memory abilities in young adults and older adults at different times. Early in the morning, the older adults performed _____ than the young adults; later in the day, the older adults performed _____ than the young adults.

equal or better, worse

By developing tests of creative and practical intelligence, Sternberg is attempting to develop intelligence tests that are better predictors of _____ than standard IQ tests.

everyday intelligence

According to Raymond Cattell, the "g" factor in intelligence has two major components:

fluid and crystallized

When Spearman described the "g" factor in intelligence, what did the "g" stand for?

general

A new test determines your score by dividing your telephone number into your social security number, and then multiplying by 100. This test probably has

high reliability and low validity

Which of these brain areas is most important for regulating hunger and appetite?

hypothalamus

According to the drive theory of motivation, what does a motivation do?

it makes behavior more vigorous until it satisfies some need.

The guiding assumption of scientific management or Theory X is that

jobs should be simple and foolproof

Freud referred to the surface appearance of a dream as the _____ content.

manifest

Circadian rhythms are partially controlled by the release of which hormone?

melatonin

What evidence did Spearman have for his proposed g factor in intelligence?

most people who can do well on one type of test also can do well on other tests

What is the relationship between job satisfaction and age?

on average, older workers report highest job satisfaction

A major contributing factor to anorexia is

perceived pressure to be thin

One advantage of the Wechsler intelligence tests, such as WAIS-III and WISC-IV, is that they

provide separate scores representing a number of separate abilities

What are two practical applications of hypnosis?

reducing reactions to pain and post-hypnotic suggestions

Two common effects of meditation are

relaxations and better control of attention

What are two important functions of sleep?

saving energy and enhancing memory

If you want to make and keep a New Year's resolution, which of the following is poor advice?

set either a very easy or and extremely difficult goal

People tend to maintain a nearly constant body weight over the course of months, unless something unusual happens. The constant weight is referred to as

set point

According to Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, three factors need to be considered when describing intelligence. Which is NOT one of Sternberg's three factors?

the age of the individual

REM sleep is also called paradoxical sleep because

the brain is very active, but the muscles are relaxed

People note the movement when they decide to flex their wrist, and they report is later. Researchers record the time of the movement, the time of the reported decision, and the time when activity began to increase in the premotor cortex of the person's brain. Which come FIRST?

the increased brain activity

A motivation is regarded as homeostatic if

the individual maintains some variable around a constant value

Kinsey's survey can lead us to reasonably confident conclusions concerning

the range of variability in sexual behavior

Binet and Simon developed the first intelligence tests in order to measure

the skills that children need for success in school

To determine whether an IQ test is biased against some minority group, we need to determine

whether the minority group members do better in school than the test scores predict