Psych 111 test 7A

According to the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration in 2008, ______ adults received treatment for a mental health issue

13.4%

According to the US department of health and human services, ______of US adults experienced mental illness in 2012

19%

antipsychotic medicines were first introduced in

1954

Statistics show that ____ of homeless adults living in homeless shelters experience mental illness

26%

Why do so many people believe there is a link between autism and the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine?

A prestigious medical journal published a paper, which was later retracted, that identified a link.

Which of the following is a drug that can be used to treat ADHD?

Adderall

Who developed client-centered therapy?

Carl Rogers

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the US

Diagnostic and Statistics of Manual of mental disorders

Which of the following explains why most psychiatric hospitals emphasize short-term care

Due to the very high cost of psychiatric hospitalization, insurance coverage often limits the length of time one can be hospitalized

According to the American Psychological Association, three factors work together to produce successful treatment. Which of the following is not one of the three factors?

Having a psychologist or therapist of the same sex

Which principle underlies cognitive therapy

How you think determines how you feel.

How is behavior therapy different than psychoanalysis

In behavior therapy, a therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors, while psychoanalysis involved digging deeply into one's unconscious

Which of the following is a benefit of group therapy?

It can decrease a client's shame and isolation about a problem

Which of the following statements is true about obsessive-compulsive disorder?

It involves intrusive, unpleasant, thoughts and repetitive behavior.

Which of the following statements about psychoanalysis is false?

It was the dominant form of therapy in the 19th century

Apollonia was diagnosed with major depressive disorder five years ago. She knows her mother took medicine to combat depression and she worries her daughter will experience depression too. Why?

Mood disorders have been shown to have a strong genetic and biological basis

What does research suggest about the comparitive effectiveness of psychotherapeutic techniques

No studies have found one psychotherapeutic approach more effective than the other

Which of the following is an example of a diathesis-stress model?

Ozzie has a genetic pre-disposition towards depression but he did not experience depression until his mother and father died.

What did a 2006 special report by the Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS) suggest about the amount of mental illness in the criminal justice system?

People with mental illnesses are overrepresented in probation and parole populations

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of histrionic personality disorder?

Phoebe feels uncomfortable when she is not the center of attention, and she has alienated friends by demanding excessive amounts of their attention.

Who developed psychoanalysis?

Sigmund Freud

Which of the following exemplifies a symptoms of schizotypal personality disorder?

Stella laughed when her dog died and cried while watching a funny movie

Which of the following is not a reason that ADHD may be over diagnosed?

The amount of ADHD in the population has increased tenfold since it was first identified

Carl Roger believed most of our psychological problems are the result of repressed impulses and trauma experienced in childhood, and he believed psychoanalysis would help uncover long-buried feelings

The name Carl Rogers should be changed to the name Sigmund Freud

Which of the following statements about autism spectrum disorder is incorrect?

This order involves feeling overwhelmed and sad for extended periods of time.

Which principle underlies the effectiveness of systematic desentization?

You can't be nervous and relaxed at the same time

Paxil, Prozac, and Zoloft are examples of ________.

antidepressants

From an early age, Kwaku got into trouble constantly. He continually violates the rights of others and he often lies, fights, and has problems with the law. Generally, he is impulsive and fails to think ahead. He is frequently deceitful and manipulative in order to get the things he wants, and he never regrets his misdeeds or considers the feelings of those he has harmed. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Kwaku's personality?

antisocial personality disorder

A panic disorder is a type of _____ disorder characterized by panic attacks, along with at least one of month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks

anxiety

_____ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior

anxiety

Which mental disorder is least likely to be treated in children 8-15 years old?

anxiety disorder

Dr. Griffiths diagnosed Manuel with major depressive disorder because he ________.

appears tearful to others and spends weeks at a time feeling sad, empty, and hopeless

Which childhood disorder is characterized by defecits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests

autism spectrum disorders

Kaz wants to stop biting his nails, so he rubs a strong bitter paste under his nails to make his nails taste bad. What technique is Kaz using to stop biting his nails?

aversive conditioning

Nicole is socially inhibited and oversensitive to negative evaluation. She was thinking about a career in nursing, but she changed her mind because she believes the doctors would criticize her and patients would reject her. She has never been on a date because she feels socially inept and unappealing; she avoids meeting new people because anything less than immediate, unconditional acceptance causes her anxiety. Just yesterday she was invited to go on a kayak trip, but she didn't go because she was worried she would embarrass herself. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nicole's personality?

avoindant personality disorder

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?

becoming split off, or dissociated, from one's core sense of self

Renzo's therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

behavior therapy

Which kind of therapy involves a therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors?

behavioral

Which of the following is a major risk factor for developing a social anxiety disorder?

behavioral inhibition

Piper is diagnosed with agoraphobia because she experiences intense fear and anxiety of ________.

being outside of the home alone

The _____perspective suggests that psychological disorders result largely from faulty physical processes, and the ____ perspective emphasizes the importance of factors such as stress and thoughts as well as environmental factors in the development of psychological disorders.

biological;psychological

Dr. Bronson treats anxiety disorders with Xanax, which exemplifies ________ therapy.

biomedical

Mae notices that her daughter

body dysmorphic

Phyllis cannot be alone. Her moods and behaviors are unstable, as are her relationships with other people. She often displays inappropriate and intense anger. Recently, Phyllis wrote a suicide note and offered to show it to her husband. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for her personality?

borderline personality disorder

What often happened to patients in the early years of using electroshock therapy?

broke their backs

Etiology is another word for ________.

causes

Acrophobia is characterized by intense fear and anxiety and avoidance of situations in which it might be difficult to escape or receive help if one experiences symptoms of a panic attack

change the word acrophobia to the word agoraphobia

A person diagnosed with a specific anxiety experiences excessive, distressing, persistent fear about a particular object or situation.

change the word anxiety to the word phobia

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "The psychological perspective views disorders as linked to biological phenomena, such as genetic factors, chemical imbalances, and brain abnormalities.

change the word psychological to the word biological

Addiction is often viewed as a(an) ________ disease.

chronic

In the free association technique of psychoanalysis, the

client says whatever comes to mind at the moment

What is the emphasis in humanistic therapy?

client's present and future

Humanistic therapy is also called ____ therapy

client-centered

Rafael is in therapy, and one of his goals is to overcome his pessimistic attitude. His therapist helps him eliminate thought patterns that lead to distress. For example, he helps Rafael learn to not overgeneralize his likelihood of failing his sociology class based on doing poorly on his first exam. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive therapy

In order to overcome an eating disorder, Sevilla's therapist works to change her cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors by helping her learn to identify such behaviors. What kind of psychotherauputic orientation does this exemplify?

cognitive-behavioral therapy

The primary therapeutic orientation used in couples counseling is

cognitive-behavioral therapy

A psychological disorder is a

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

aversive conditioning is a _______.

counterconditioning technique that pairs an unpleasant stimulant with an undesirable behavior

Jerry allows others to take over and run his life. He is submissive and clings to those around him. He cannot make decisions without advice and reassurance from others, probably because he lacks self-confidence. He finds it impossible to do things on his own, and he feels uncomfortable and helpless when he is alone. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jerry's personality?

dependent personality disorder

Anti-anxiety agents work by

depressing central nervous system activity

The ______ model suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with adverse environmental or psychological events

diathesis-stress

Exhibiting a personality that ________ is a common characteristic of all personality disorders.

differs markedly from the expectations of one's culture

What symptoms of schizophrenia is associated by the following example? So bees with knees have fleas and fleas jump, I jump like a Jack, Jack the giant killer. Giants kill and transform things and something happened, but we can't hear because our eyes are like flies that flew away.

disorganized thinking

Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing a(n) ________.

dissociative figure

Donna exhibits two separate personalities, each well-defined and distinct from one another, so Dr. Paulson diagnosed Donna with ________ disorder.

dissociative identity

ECT stands for

electroconvulsive therapy

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ________?

episodic

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all anxiety disorders?

excessive, persistent fear and anxiety

Which of the following factors does not strongly predict the development posttraumatic stress disorder?

experiencing trauma in isolation

Dr. Xavier encourages his client to relax and say whatever comes to mind at the moment. Dr. Xavier is using ________ to treat his client.

free association

Miguel worries excessively about things beyond his control, and his worries often interfere with his life. He avoids driving because he worries about car accidents. He calls his parents twice a day because he worries they are dead. He checks his credit card statement three times a day because he worries about identity theft. Miguel probably suffers from ________.

generalized anxiety disorder

Dr. Banner wants his clients to learn to articulate thoughts that keep them from achieving their goals. Therefore, Dr. Banner increases their self-awareness by focusing on their conscious thoughts. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation is he using?

humanistic therapy

Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder?

lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing ________.

mania

antipsychotic drugs, such as Haldol, are used to treat all of the following except

manic episodes

Nathan has an overinflated and unjustified sense of self-importance. He is preoccupied with fantasies of success and believes that he is entitled to special treatment from others. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Nathan's personality?

narcissistic personality disorder

people with _____ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behavior or mental acts.

obsessive-compulsive

Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality?

obsessive-compulsive personality disorder

If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________.

often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in OCD?

orbitofrontal cortex

_____ delusions involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person.

paranoid

Yuri experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about heights. Yuri suffers from a(n) ________.

phobia

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder.

postraumatic stress

Elena is attending mandatory therapy sessions. Her doctor just wants her to talk about her childhood. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

psychodynamic psychotherapy

schizophrenia is considered a ____ disorder

psychotic

cultural competence is a therapists's understanding of, and attention to,

race, culture, and ethnicity in providing treatment

What do obsessive-compulsive disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, and hoarding disorder have in common?

repetitive thoughts and urges, as well as an uncontrollable need to engage in repetitive behavior and mental acts

______ have over 85% of the 1,699 federally designated mental health profressional shortage areas

rural areas

Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in though, perception, and behavior

schizophrenia

electroconvulsive therapy is effective in allieviating symptoms for people with

severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy

Diondre harbors the belief that spider eggs have been implanted underneath his fingernails. What kind of delusion is this?

somatic

The use of ____ can result in decreased appetite, difficulty sleeping, stomachache, and headache.

stimulants

For Burt, who has claustrophobia, a small dark room creates a small amount of fear, a stairwell creates a bit more fear, and an elevator creates the most fear. Burt's therapist induces deep relaxation and asks him to imagine a small dark room. Gradually, they will work up to having Burt imagine being in an elevator. What aspect of exposure therapy is this?

stimulus hiearchy

Carl Rogers called his therapeutic orientation client-centered therapy because he thought the term "patient" ________.

suggested the person seeking help was sick and looking for a cure

On the advice of the therapist, Thora decides to treat her fear of heights by exposing herself to heights using a stimulus hierarchy. Which form of therapy is she using?

systematic desensitization

What is comorbidity?

the co-occurrence of two or more disorders

What principle underlies cognitive-behavioral therapy?

thoughts affect behavior

Patients at Manderly Psychiatric Center are rewarded with chips when they engage in positive behaviors such as socializing with other patients. They can later exchange the chips for privileges, like extra TV time. This is an example of ________.

token economy

Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non-judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

unconditional positive regard

How long does psychoanalysis typically take

years