Psych 7b

Road construction prevents a student from getting to campus using the route that he usually travels. He thinks about the situation for a moment and then comes up with a different route to take. To figure out this alternative route, he is using _____ to devise a different route.

Cognative Map

Ray drank too much tequila last night. He spent much of this morning vomiting and nauseated. According to the principles of classical conditioning, how will Ray likely react today when he tastes or smells the tequila bottle that he drank out of last night?

He will find the scent and taste of tequila aversive

Which statement is evidence for the environmental, rather than the genetic, transmission of aggression?

Monkeys who were reared apart from their mothers and exposed to high levels of aggression showed greater aggression as adults.

Which psychologist proposed a cognitive explanation of classical conditioning?

Robert Rescorla

Ever since she foolishly drank too much tequila at a rock concert and vomited all over her best friend, Erin becomes nauseous at the smell or taste of tequila. In the terminology of classical conditioning, the smell of tequila is now a(n) _____.

conditioned stimulus

Researchers discovered that the neuronal activity in the brain of a monkey who simply watched another monkey pick up and eat a peanut was the same as the brain activity of the monkey actually performing these actions. These researchers are investigating:

mirror neurons.

When a 4-year-old girl suddenly picks up her toy ironing board and plays it like it is an electric guitar, it is likely that she has seen someone playing a real electric guitar in the same manner. Thus, she has learned via:

observation.

Children who have fathers who are incarcerated for committing violent crimes are at high risk for following the same path in life, unless children are adopted near the time of their birth. Then, they are no more at risk for violence than the average child. This difference in outcome can be attributed to:

observational learning.

Lana is in dental school and is learning the correct way to take an X-ray of the mouth. Her instructor first shows the class a video that demonstrates the proper procedures for taking an X-ray and then demonstrates these same procedures using Lana as a patient. Lana and her class are learning how to take an X-ray of patients' teeth through the use of:

observational learning.

A guest will be spending time in Ms. Bartos' classroom. To make sure her students imitate this guest's prosocial behaviors, Ms. Bartos should pick someone who the children think is:

similar to them.

In Pavlov's original experiments, dogs were classically conditioned to associate a bell with the presentation of food and responded with increased salivation. According to Robert Rescorla, what had the dogs learned?

that the bell was a signal that reliably predicted that food would follow

Fabian ordered chicken from a national chicken chain restaurant and became very ill immediately after eating it. Years later, Fabian still feels queasy when he sees an advertisement for the chicken chain or drives by one of its establishments. In this example, the unconditioned stimulus is the:

the bacteria that caused the illness.

In conditioned taste aversion, spoiled or poisoned food is a powerful:

unconditioned stimulus.