psych

Which of the following theorists is not neo-Freudian? Albert Bandura Carl Jung Erik Erikson Karen Horney

Albert Bandura

Who developed social-cognitive theory? Abraham Maslow Albert Bandura Carl Rogers Erik Erikson

Albert Bandura

The ________ effect focuses on the influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment. Asch conformity Dollard social psychology

Asch

Which of the following does not occur during the concrete operational stage? Children begin to use language. Children employ memory strategies. Children have a firm grasp of numbers. Children think logically about real events.

Children begin to use language.

________ holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors. Collectivism Dispositionism Moralism Situationism

Dispositionism

Carl Jung's view of extroverted and introverted types serves as a basis of the ________. collective unconscious Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Rorschach Inkblot Test Tell-me-a-story thematic Apperception Test (TEMAS)

Myers-Briggs Type Indicator

What is the main point of the quizmaster study? People will overlook obvious dispositional influences on their behavior. People will attack other people by claiming situational influences are making them behave badly. People will defend themselves by claiming situational influences changed their behavior. People will overlook obvious situational influences on behavior.

People will overlook obvious situational influences on behavior.

Which of the following is false of dissociative disorders? People with these disorders become disconnected from their sense of self. People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture. People with these disorders experience memory and identity disturbances. These disorders do not have a physical cause.

People with these disorders exhibit a personality style that differs markedly from the expectations of their culture.

How are the principles of reciprocal determinism present in observational learning? An individual's behavior is determined by the environment. Cognitive processes depend on imitation. Personal factors determine which behaviors in the environment a person chooses to imitate. The environment determines which personal factors a person chooses to observe

Personal factors determine which behaviors in the environment a person chooses to imitate.

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of paranoid personality disorder? Rafe believes he is entitled to special treatment from those around him. Rafe believes that his dreams are prophetic. Rafe is convinced his life has meaning beyond himself. Rafe is extremely suspicious of the people around him and mistrusts them for no identifiable reason.

Rafe is extremely suspicious of the people around him and mistrusts them for no identifiable reason.

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Socioemotional discrimination theory suggests that our social support and friendships dwindle in number as we get older, but they remain as close, if not more close, than in our earlier years. The phrase "Socioemotional discrimination theory" should be changed to the phrase "Theory-of-mind." The word "discrimination" should be changed to the word "selectivity." The word "suggests" should be changed to the word "proves." The word "theory" should be changed to the word "hypothesis."

The word "discrimination" should be changed to the word "selectivity."

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Hostile aggression is motivated by achieving a goal and does not necessarily involve intent to cause pain. The word "aggression" should be changed to the word "attitude." The word "goal" should be changed to the word "norm." The word "hostile" should be changed to the word "influential." The word "hostile" should be changed to the word "instrumental."

The word "hostile" should be changed to the word "instrumental."

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory emphasizes the sexual nature of our development rather than its social nature. The name "Erik Erikson" should be changed to the name "Sigmund Freud." The word "sexual" should be changed to the word "biological." The word "theory" should be changed to the word "hypothesis." The words "sexual" and "social" should be switched.

The words "sexual" and "social" should be switched.

Which statement about Sternberg's triangular theory of love is most accurate? There are five types of love that can be described from the three components of love. There are three components of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment. There are three components of love: romance, fatuous, and infatuation. There are three types of love that can be described from the three components of love.

There are three components of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Which of the following statements about autism spectrum disorder is incorrect? Exposure to environmental pollutants such as mercury has been linked to the development of this disorder. Genetic factors appear to play a prominent role in the development of this disorder. It is characterized by a pervasive pattern of inattention and/or hyperactive and impulsive behavior. This disorder involves feeling overwhelmed and sad for extended periods of time.

This disorder involves feeling overwhelmed and sad for extended periods of time.

Which question was central to the marshmallow test? Do you think you could accomplish great things even when the fates are against you? Is your life more like a marshmallow or more like a rock? Would you be able to resist getting a small reward now in order to get a larger reward later? Would you make the same decisions your parent would make?

Would you be able to resist getting a small reward now in order to get a larger reward later?

What was the major flaw in the Stanford prison experiment? The respondents wanted to leave, but Zimbardo would not let them. The students were not randomly assigned. The study went on too long. Zimbardo did not use a control group.

Zimbardo did not use a control group.

Lovell is noticeably fidgety and jittery. He can't sit still; he paces, wrings his hands, and pulls at his clothing constantly. Lovell suffers from psychomotor________. agitation distress rigidity tension

agitation

Jessica believes that she succeeds in high school because she works hard, earned a place on the basketball team because she practices constantly, and cooks well because she takes cooking classes. Julian Rotter would say that Jessica has ________. an external locus on control an internal locus of control good self-regulation poor self-regulation

an internal locus of control

A panic disorder is a type of ________disorder characterized by panic attacks, along with at least one month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks. anxiety generalized safety social

anxiety

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior. anxiety body dysmorphic obsessive-compulsive personality

anxiety

Children whose parents have an authoritarian parenting style can be ________. anxious, withdrawn, and unhappy creative, moody, and flexible disorganized, undisciplined, and sloppy quiet, shy, humble

anxious, withdrawn, and unhappy

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for ________. Asperger's syndrome attention deficit hyperactivity disorder autism spectrum disorder schizoid personality disorder

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

The_______Development approach views development as a cumulative process. a. biological b. continuos c. discontinuos d. progressive

b. continuos

The belief that you ________ is an example of a delusion. can perform miracles can quit smoking do not love your parents will be arrested for committing a crime

can perform miracles

In a(an) ________, developmental psychologists collect a great deal of information from one individual in order to better understand physical and psychological changes over the lifespan. case study experiment naturalistic observation secondary analysis

case study

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? "For centuries, psychological disorders were viewed from a natural perspective: attributed to a force beyond scientific understanding." change the word "beyond" to the word "within" change the word "natural" to the word "supernatural" change the word "psychological" to the word "psychopathological" change the word "scientific" to the word "spiritual"

change the word "natural" to the word "supernatural"

____________ development involves learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity. a. artistic b. cognitive c. emotional d. psychosocial

cognitive

Don knows that drinking too much liquor is a costly habit that is bad for his health, but he continues to drink large amounts of liquor. He also thinks he is a smart person that makes good choices. Don feels some psychological discomfort from this contradiction, which is also called ________. aggressive discord cognitive dissonance perceptive deception peripheral dissension

cognitive dissonance

Identify the obsession in the following sentence. "Keisha is overly concerned about germs, so she spends hours wiping the surfaces of her home and washing her hands." concern over germs germs spending hours washing her hands spending hours wiping the surfaces of her home

concern over germs

The Milgram experiment required the participation of a(n) ________ to play the part of the person being shocked because the experiment would be invalidated if the participant realized the electric shock treatment was faked. ally associate confederate union

confederate

Ashley and Mikhail share their intimate thoughts and emotions, are physically attracted to each other, and agree to support each other. Their love is called ________. consummate fatuous infatuation romantic

consummate

________ is the strengthening of an original group attitude after the discussion of views within a group. cognitive dissonance group polarization the Asch effect the Milgram influence

group polarization

What is modification of the opinions of members of a group to align with what they believe is the group consensus? group patterns groupthink inter-group bias pattern bias

groupthink

________ refers to prejudice and discrimination against individuals based solely on their same-sex orientation. homophilia homophobia misogyny sexism

homophobia

A(an) ________ complex refers to the feeling that one lacks worth and doesn't measure up to the standards of others or of society. Freudian inferiority neurotic psychosocial

inferiority

Which of the following best defines the Asch effect? influence of one person on a large group influence of one person on the creation of a group goal influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment influence of the group minority on individual judgment

influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment

People view the Environmental Protection Agency as competent and believe they know correct information regarding what individuals should do to protect the environment, so they possess ________ social influence when it comes to enforcing a group norm of recycling. collective confirmation informational normative

informational

Which type of social influence involves conformity to a group norm prompted by the belief that the group is competent and has the correct information? cognitive informational normative rational

informational

What is the developmental task of Erik Erikson's eighth stage of psychosocial development, in which an individual assesses and makes sense of her life and the meaning of her contributions? autonomy vs. shame/doubt generativity vs. stagnation identity vs. confusion integrity vs. despair

integrity vs. despair

When Marcos is unhappy, he is mean to other children; he calls them names and behaves aggressively toward them. He often manipulates his peers into doing what he wants. What coping strategy is Marcos using? detachment extroversion moving against people moving with people

moving against people

Karen Horney described three coping styles when dealing with anxiety. Which of the following is not one of them? moving against people moving away from people moving toward people moving with people

moving with people

Which of the following is not a developmental issue children face during the preoperational stage? egocentrism language development object permanence pretend play

object permanence

An archetype is a ________. balance of opposing forces within one's personality collective consciousness feeling that one lacks worth and doesn't measure up to the standards of others or of society pattern that exists in our collective unconscious across cultures and societies

pattern that exists in our collective unconscious across cultures and societies

________ development involves growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills, and health and wellness. cognitive learning physical psychosocial

physical

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a ________ disorder. antisocial personality mood posttraumatic stress schizotypal personality

posttraumatic stress

According to Jean Piaget, in what stage do children begin to use language? concrete operational formal operational preoperational sensorimotor

preoperational

In the ________ stage, children use words and images to represent things, but they lack logical reasoning. concrete operational formal operational preoperational sensorimotor

preoperational

________ development involves emotions, personality, and social relationships. mental physical psychological psychosocial

psychosocial

After Mike does not get the job he interviewed for, he moves back in with his parents and spends his days playing video games. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify? reaction formation regression repression sublimation

regression

Rochelle has a glass of Kool-Aid. She pours her Kool-Aid into a toy teacup, and then she pours the Kool-Aid from the teacup into a beer stein. She then pours it from the beer stein back into the original glass. She knows the amount of Kool-Aid has not substantially changed. What does this exemplify? abstract thinking abstraction preoperational stage reversibility

reversibility

________ are concepts (mental models) that are used to help us categorize and interpret information. categories cognitions facsimiles schemata

schemeta

Penny gets an acting job on Friday that she attributes to her good acting. She doesn't get the next acting job; therefore, she blames the casting director for not wanting to hire a woman. This is an example of ________. racism self-fulfilling prophecy self-serving bias social loafing

self-serving bias

Who was Stanley Milgram? social psychology professor at Yale who designed a mock prison to test the power of social roles social psychology professor at Yale who designed an experiment to test what would happen to the lone dissenter in a group social psychology professor at Yale who tested the hypothesis that brainstorming was less productive than the individual creative process social psychology professor at Yale who wanted to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis

social psychology professor at Yale who wanted to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis

Heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, cigarettes, and alcohol are all examples of ________. experiments FASD schemata teratogens

teratogens

What was the primary finding of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart? Fraternal twins have very similar personalities whether raised together or apart. Identical twins have very similar personality when raised together, but not when raised apart. Identical twins, whether raised together or apart, have very similar personalities. Twins of any kind have very similar personalities, regardless of where they are raised.

Identical twins, whether raised together or apart, have very similar personalities.

Who identified psychological disorders as a harmful dysfunction? Jerome C. Wakefield John Waller Stanley Rachman Thomas Szasz

Jerome C. Wakefield

Which example best exemplifies homophily? Georgia, a young White woman, is a math major. She met John, a Black man, on the way to her class, but he doesn't attend her college. He was dropping his son off at a campus art show. They begin to date. John is a delusional man obsessed with a future apocalypse. He has no money, does not go to church, and steals to support himself. Sarah is a waitress living in a small apartment and attending college classes. They begin to date. Latara and Vaughn are the same race and attend the same church. They met in their psychology class, a subject they both major in. They begin to date. Maude is 80 years old and meets Harold, a 17-year-old, at a funeral. They share common interests, but their religious and class backgrounds are very different. They begin to date.

Latara and Vaughn are the same race and attend the same church. They met in their psychology class, a subject they both major in. They begin to date.

Jerry allows others to take over and run his life. He is submissive and clings to those around him. He cannot make decisions without advice and reassurance from others, probably because he lacks self-confidence. He finds it impossible to do things on his own, and he feels uncomfortable and helpless when he is alone. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jerry's personality? avoidant personality disorder borderline personality disorder dependent personality disorder narcissistic personality disorder

dependent personality disorder

Mona works at a bank. When Luis, a Colombian man, arrives to drop off his paycheck she pretends to be busy and directs him to another teller. She does this whenever a non-White person wants assistance. This is an example of ________. aggression discrimination prejudice stereotype

discrimination

Sigmund Freud believed that personality develops ________. during early childhood during puberty in late adolescence in utero

during early childhood

The ________ personality is anxious, self-conscious, artistic, thoughtful, quiet, and private. ectomorph endomorph mesomorph somatomorph

ectomorph

Cole spends a few weeks being treated for major depressive disorder. He eventually stops exhibiting symptoms, but a few months later they reoccur. Once again the symptoms dissipate, but a few months later they reoccur. Cole's major depressive disorder is ________? asymptomatic episodic limited in duration to a few weeks reoccurring every few months

episodic

Which of the following factors does not strongly predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder? experiencing trauma in isolation greater trauma severity lack of immediate social support trauma experience

experiencing trauma in isolation

A(an) ________ locus of control is the belief that our outcomes are outside of our control; an ________ locus of control is the belief that we control our own outcomes. congruent; incongruent external; internal internal; external real; ideal

external; interna

Grasping a toy, writing with a pencil, and using a spoon are all examples of ________ motor skills. fine gross hand manipulative

fine

Peripartum onset depression is a kind of depression ________. characterized by mood states that vacillate between depression and mania in which an individual experiences mania, characterized by extremely cheerful and euphoric mood, excessive talkativeness, irritability, increased activity levels, and other symptoms in which an individual has a tendency to repetitively and passively dwell on one's depressed symptoms, their meanings, and their consequences that applies to women who experience an episode of major depression either during pregnancy or in the four weeks following childbirth

that applies to women who experience an episode of major depression either during pregnancy or in the four weeks following childbirth

Janeka does poorly on her psychology final, so she picks on her mother's ability to cook. A frustration aggression theorist might explain this by focusing on ________. the way Janeka's frustration with her exam led her to be aggressive toward her mother the way Janeka's frustration with her mother led her to do poorly on her exam which situational factors led Janeka to do poorly on her exam which dispositional factors led Janeka to do poorly on her exam

the way Janeka's frustration with her exam led her to be aggressive toward her mother

In Hippocrates theory of personality, what bodily humor was associated with choleric temperament? black bile from the kidneys red blood from the heart white mucous from the lungs yellow bile from the liver

yellow bile from the liver

A(an) ________ begins as a one-cell structure that is created when a sperm and egg merge. embryo placenta protean zygote

zygote