PSYCH CH 03 QUIZ
According to the global workspace model, which of the following would Angelina be most likely to say if the temporal lobe of her cerebral cortex were stimulated?
"I hear things."
Tom awoke from the strangest dream. He remembers vivid emotions, sights, and even smells, but the content was very scattered and illogical. Why might this be so?
Frontal cortices are somewhat deactivated during sleep, which contributes to illogical aspects of dreaming. Neurons were randomly firing, and Tom's sleeping mind attempted to make sense of the chaotic neural activity. The limbic regions of the brain are active during sleep, which could be the source of the emotional content of Tom's dream.
Connie, a heroin addict, is experiencing withdrawal. What might she be feeling specifically?
anxiety, nausea, and tremors
This popular drug alters consciousness by blocking the reuptake of dopamine and increases its release, and in the long term, it can cause considerable damage throughout the brain and body.
methamphetamine
Split-brain patient G.C. is in line at a coffee shop when he witnesses a woman in his right visual field about to trip over an electrical cord on the floor. What happens next?
Luckily, because the incident is taking place in his right visual field, G.C. is able to warn the woman about the cord before she trips.
Your friend Alexa is worried that advertisers are using subliminal perception to manipulate the public. You want to help her demystify this issue. Which of these statements about subliminal perception is LEAST accurate?
Material presented subliminally has a noticeable effect on complex thinking and actions.
According to the consolidated theory of why sleep is important, which of these activities would be a bad idea?
Meredith's plan to pull an all-nighter studying for her Chinese exam
Why is REM sleep sometimes called paradoxical sleep?
The paradox lies in the fact that some parts of the brain are more active during REM sleep than they are during wakefulness.
Your dad has a bad habit of texting while he drives. You've reminded him how dangerous this can be, but he wants to know why texting poses such a hazard. Which of the following is the most scientifically informed response?
There is a limit to how much attention is available for our conscious experience, which is what helps us respond quickly to new information—an important ability when driving a car.
What is the most widely used and abused depressant in the world?
alcohol
Skip is watching the news one night when he begins to think about his day at work and a conversation he had with a coworker. As he replays that conversation over and over again, he becomes unaware of the news on the television. All of a sudden he snaps back to alertness and realizes that 15 minutes have passed. Skip was experiencing
an altered state of consciousness.
Dwayne loves going to Las Vegas. Even when he is inside the casinos, where there are no windows to give him light cues, he still feels sleepy by midnight, because his body still is influenced by __________ rhythms.
circadian
Otto knows that humans depend greatly on vision, and he learned that we are adapted to sleeping at night because our early ancestors were vulnerable in the dark, when they were unable to see hazards and predators. Which theory of the benefits of sleep does this represent?
circadian rhythm theory
Cindi wants to start practicing daily meditation, but she is trying to decide which approach is most appealing to her. She can't decide between __________, where you focus attention on one specific thing or phrase, and __________, where you let your thoughts flow freely without examining them or reacting to them.
concentrative meditation; mindfulness meditation
Imagine you are at a rock concert listening to your favorite songs and cheering with the crowd. The moment-to-moment subjective experience you have, along with your mental activity, is called
consciousness.
Gregory has had epilepsy his whole life, and recently it has become very severe. Medications have not helped and his doctors are worried that the ongoing seizures could cause brain damage if they move from one side of his brain to the other. To prevent this, doctors will perform a medical procedure to disconnect Gregory's two cerebral hemispheres from each other by cutting his
corpus callosum.
Whereas Chuck used to feel confident, alert, energetic, and sociable when using this drug, he now feels paranoid and has developed some violent and psychotic tendencies.
crack cocaine
In one study, hypnotized participants asked to drain color from colored images showed diminished activity in the visual cortex regions associated with color. This did not occur with participants who were not hypnotized. Which theory of hypnosis is supported by this result?
dissociation theory
Deano, a high school senior, is attracted to novelty and risk taking, has a lousy relationship with his parents, and generally feels invincible. He may be at risk for
experimenting with alcohol and illegal drugs.
At a nightclub, a strange man slipped a drug into Sasha's drink. The drug was a type of stimulant. What experience might Sasha have had after consuming the stimulant?
feeling a wave of confidence and then feeling alert, energetic, and social
Daphne turns on one burner of her stove to cook dinner and fills a pot with water. She is aware of which burner to place the pot on because the part of her brain that processes visual information is also the part that processes awareness of where to put the pot. In other words, the occipital lobe will process both visual information and awareness of visual information, according to the
global workspace model.
Ecstasy has an energizing effect similar to that of other stimulants, but it also has the properties of __________, which may be why the drug has become popular at clubs and raves.
hallucinogens
Nichella likes to take psychoactive drugs that impact her perceptual experiences. When she is using these drugs, she has sensory experiences that were not caused by any actual event or stimulus. Nichella is most likely using
hallucinogens.
Taimer is considering being hypnotized when she gives birth to her baby. She is hoping to achieve hypnotic analgesia, which will
help her detach from emotional aspects of pain.
A social interaction during which a person, responding to suggestions, has changes in memory, perception, and voluntary action is called
hypnosis.
When asked a question about information processed in his right hemisphere, split-brain patient J.W.'s left brain could not verbalize an accurate reply. However, he still came up with an answer that showed a logical attempt to construct a world that made sense. In this way, the left hemisphere is often called the
interpreter.
Gila has noticed that as the evening goes on she gets sleepier. She is in a room that has very little light, and as the sun goes down she gets more and more sleepy. Which hormone is being released in her body that impacts this feeling of being sleepy?
melatonin
Peter goes to see a psychotherapist because he has been slacking off on the job in recent weeks. He wants help getting more focused and productive. His therapist, Dr. Swanson, helps Peter enter a relaxed state and then begins to give him ideas that might help alter Peter's behavior when he is at work in the future. In this situation, Peter is being exposed to __________ suggestions.
posthypnotic
Evan is trying to convince his grandmother to begin a practice of daily meditation. He wants to tell her why meditation is worthwhile. According to some researchers, which benefits may correlate with meditation?
preserved cognitive functioning,mproved blood pressure in heart patients,structural changes in the brain
Tom cut his index finger with a knife as he was slicing tomatoes. It did not need stitches, but Tom did have to put a bandage on the cut to stop it from bleeding. When he woke up the next morning and took off the bandage, the cut had a crusty scab over it. Which theory explains how the body and brain undergo repair while we sleep?
restorative theory
Valerie snores so loudly during the night that her son, Kevin, can hear her all the way down the hall. Valerie is also frequently tired during the day and struggles to maintain a healthy weight. Kevin suspects his mother has which sleep disorder ?
sleep apnea
After staying out late with friends, you arrive back at your dorm in the middle of the night. You stub your toe on your desk and knock over a vase, but luckily your roommate doesn't wake up. Which type of sleep is she probably experiencing?
slow-wave sleep
"I don't believe that a person can really be hypnotized," Dr. Pilar says. "I think they just act the way they think they are supposed to act when in a hypnotic state." Dr. Pilar is sharing a view that is consistent with the __________ theory of hypnosis.
sociocognitive
Tawny has had a strong desire for a Dr Pepper all day. She isn't sure why, because she rarely drinks this beverage. But her roommate, Abigail, reminded her that last night several of the people they were out with were drinking Dr Pepper. Which of the following has Tawny experienced?
subliminal perception
Ayelet is a research assistant in a lab at her university. Her lab studies the way sensory information is processed, and their latest results suggest that different neural processes are associated with different types of information, such as recognizing faces, understanding grammatical phrases, and so on. The results support the global workspace model, which posits that
there is no one area of the brain that is responsible for general "awareness" on its own.
The first time Sharon smoked a marijuana joint, she got "high" after just a few puffs. Three years later she has smoked marijuana every weekend, and now she barely feels anything until she has had at least two joints. Sharon's need to smoke more marijuana to experience the same "high" as before is an example of
tolerance.
Flynn has been on the streets for several months since the cost of his drug habit made him unable to pay rent. Because of __________ he needs more to get high, and when he cannot afford the drugs, he experiences the severe nausea and chills of __________.
tolerance; withdrawal
Susan has an alcohol addiction that encompasses __________, in that she needs more and more alcohol to feel high, and __________, in that she feels she needs to drink to maintain her social life.
physical dependence; psychological dependence
Lucy's parents are worried about the fact that she regularly gets up in the middle of the night and walks around the house while she is still asleep. They take her to the pediatrician, who tells them that they should gently wake Lucy up and take her back to bed when she experiences this
somnambulism.
The effects of particular drugs depend on how they activate different neurotransmitter systems. While __________ increase behavior and mental activity, __________ decrease them.
stimulants; depressants
After suffering a traumatic brain injury, Garland appeared to be unconscious. However, when he was told to imagine playing soccer or driving to his office, Garland's brain activity looked like that of healthy volunteers. Which term best describes Garland's mental state?
Garland is experiencing altered consciousness.
Which of the following people is most likely experiencing altered consciousness due to "zoning out"?
Harry, who is watching television and is not aware that his wife is speaking to him
Religious ecstasy and meditation both can lead to experiences of altered consciousness. Why?
Both practices allow practitioners to direct attention away from the self.
Patient N.K., who has a split brain, is shown a fork in her right visual field. Which of the following is most likely to be true?
She can name the fork but will not be able to pick it up and use it with her left hand.
Think about the research of Nisbett and Wilson (1977) into the effects of subliminal perception. If you were a participant in that study and saw the words "ocean" and "moon" as a pair and then you were asked to name a brand of laundry detergent, which answer would you be most likely to give?
Tide
