Psych. Ch. 1 Review
________ stresses people's capacities for self-fulfillment and the central roles of consciousness, self-awareness, and decision making.
Humanism
What is true of functionalists?
They focus on behavior as well as the mind or consciousness
_________ psychologists are different from clinical psychologists in that their clients typically have adjustment problems such as trouble making academic or vocational decisions or making friends in college, but not serious psychological disorders.
Counseling
__________ is a way of evaluating the claims and comments of other people that involves skepticism and examination of evidence.
Critical thinking
What are important factors emphasized by the sociocultural perspective in understanding behavior and mental processes?
Ethnicity, Race, Gender, Socioeconomic status
What is true of applied research?
It is designed to find solutions to particular problems
What is true of the humanistic-existential perspective?
It views people as free to choose and as being responsible for choosing their own behavior
__________ psychologists are particularly concerned with issues such as anxiety, aggression, and gender roles.
Personality
Psychologists with a(n) _____ perspective venture into the realm of mental processes such as sensation and perception, memory, intelligence, language, thought, and problem solving to understand human nature.
cognitive
Erik works as a counselor. He strongly believes in an individual's capacity for self-fulfillment, self-awareness, and decision making. He works on the principle that people are free to choose their own ethical conduct and are also responsible for choosing their conduct. Erik can be said to be following the _____ perspective.
humanistic-existential
A(n) _________ psychologist focuses on the relationship between people and their work.
industrial
___________ suggest that much human social behavior such as aggressive behavior and mate selection have a hereditary basis.
Evolutionary psychologists
____________ suggest that people can modify and create their environments.
Social-cognitive theorists
Who believed that the mind functions by combining objective and subjective elements of experience?
Structuralists
____________ was a founder of the school of functionalism.
William James
Psychologists with a __________ perspective focus on the evolution of behavior and mental processes.
biological
The _____ perspective works on the assumption that thoughts, fantasies, and dreams—and the inborn or instinctive behavior patterns of various species—are made possible by the nervous system and especially by the brain.
biological
Ralph conducted a study to determine the effects of certain visual stimuli on individuals. For his study, he used two groups of students. The first group watched a violent war film, while the other group did not. Later, both groups were asked to write an essay on war. It was found that the essays written by the first group were more strongly opinionated against war. In this scenario, the first group would be considered a(n) _____.
experimental group