Psych Ch6 extra review

42. Which of the following statements about tracking is false? A. Teaching quality is more or less the same in different tracks. B. Students who are tracked tend to socialize mainly with peers from the same academic group. C. Tracking can cause hostility between students in different tracks. D. Tracking procedures often discriminate against minority and poor students.

A. Teaching quality is more or less the same in different tracks.

44. Specific learning disabilities are _____ and examples are _____ (impaired ability in reading or spelling), _____ (impaired ability in handwriting), and _____ (impaired ability in arithmetic). A. common; dyslexia; dysgraphia; dyscalculia B. common; dysgraphia; dyslexia; dyscalculia C. rare; dyslexia; dysgraphia; dyscalculia D. rare; dysgraphia; dyslexia; dyscalculia

A. common; dyslexia; dysgraphia; dyscalculia

6. Which of the following is not a factor that moved children out of the workplace? A. discrimination against young workers B. a need for workers who are more skilled and more reliable than children C. the strength needed to perform unskilled labor D. child labor laws

A. discrimination against young workers

5. Compared with their counterparts from previous decades, today's American adolescents: A. spend more days per year in school. B. spend fewer days per year in school. C. are absent from school more often. D. are less likely to continue their schooling beyond the 12 th grade

A. spend more days per year in school.

10. No Child Left Behind (NCLB) was a policy designed to ensure that all students, regardless of racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic background, receive a high-quality public education. Which of the following statements is false? A. Most reasonable people would not disagree with the basic idea of NCLB. B. One of the most important factors of NCLB is that students learn how to engage in critical thinking. C. To prevent losing millions of dollars, some schools actually helped students cheat on standardized tests. D. NCLB is one example of the movement toward performance-based accountability, which has been the most important change in the world of American education in the past 20 years.

B. One of the most important factors of NCLB is that students learn how to engage in critical thinking.

12. What is a realistic concern with regard to requiring all high school seniors to pass a graduation test in order to earn a diploma? A. It is likely that virtually all students would be qualified to pass such an exam. B. The financial costs associated with failing students would create a huge incentive for states to develop exams with very low requirements for passing. C. The economic, social, and political costs of holding back such large numbers of students because they could not pass the "exit exams" would be worth the risk of graduating students who did not deserve a diploma. D. All of these statements are false.

B. The financial costs associated with failing students would create a huge incentive for states to develop exams with very low requirements for passing.

34. During the school year, the rate of academic progress was equal between students with higher-socioeconomic status and disadvantaged students. During the summer months: A. higher-socioeconomic students' scores declined. B. disadvantaged students' scores declined. C. Both high- and low-income students' scores declined. D. Both high- and low-income students' scores remained the same.

B. disadvantaged students' scores declined.

14. Mrs. Denny wants to provide the best educational opportunities for all of the students in her high school. As school principal, she should: A. make sure that no class has more than 25 students. B. keep remedial classes small, but not worry if other classes have as many as 40 students. C. keep class size between 35 and 40 students. D. merge with the neighboring high school so together they offer students more resources.

B. keep remedial classes small, but not worry if other classes have as many as 40 students.

20. Taisha was discouraged from taking math classes throughout her high school years. Although she is intelligent, a likely _long-term_ implication of this biased tracking is that Taisha will: A. not pursue a college education. B. miss the opportunity to pursue certain careers for which she may be well qualified. C. attempt to take these classes on her own. D. bring a lawsuit against her school for discrimination.

B. miss the opportunity to pursue certain careers for which she may be well qualified.

3. The practice of moving students from one grade to the next regardless of their academic performance is known as what? A. affirmative promotion B. social promotion C. standardized promotion D. equality promotion

B. social promotion

38. What is a policy that focuses on policies designed to improve achievement by holding schools and students to a predetermined set of standards measured by achievement tests? A. tracking B. standards-based reform C. zero tolerance D. school vouchers

B. standards-based reform

33. Of the students who enter college, what percent complete their degrees within six years? A. a little more than 20% B. fewer than 40% C. fewer than 60% D. just about 75%

C. fewer than 60%

41. Which of the following is not a benefit that small schools offer? A. more participation in extracurricular activities by all students B. more students can take leadership positions and responsibility C. more varied instruction D. students feel more connected

C. more varied instruction

28. All of the following are factors associated with higher performance of students as a result of the social capital in Catholic schools relative to other schools, except: A. close links between the schools and the students' families. B. more discipline. C. more homework. D. better use of academic tracking.

D. better use of academic tracking.

32. Today, _____ of high school graduates enroll in college immediately after graduation. A. more than three-fourth B. approximately one-third C. approximately one-half D. more than two-thirds

D. more than two-thirds

15. Comparisons of large and small schools reveal that: A. small schools actually offer more varied curricula. B. students in large schools are more likely to participate in school activities. C. small schools have more material resources. D. students in small schools are more likely to participate in school activities.

D. students in small schools are more likely to participate in school activities.

11. Experts are likely to express all of the following reasons for the failure of school reform, except: A. concentration of poverty in many inner-city communities has produced a population of students with an array of personal and situational problems. B. many urban school districts are burdened by the huge administrative bureaucracies that often impede reform and hinder educational innovation. C. students in urban school report less of a sense of "belonging" to their school. D. the explosion of job opportunities in inner-city communities has left many students leaving school to pursue careers.

D. the explosion of job opportunities in inner-city communities has left many students leaving school to pursue careers.

19. The process of separating students into different levels of classes within the same school is called: A. mainstreaming. B. desegregation. C. acceleration. D. tracking.

D. tracking.