Psych Chapter 1

When a patient insists on having a medical cure but a physician does not believe that medicine is necessary, the physician may prescribe sugar pills. Such fake pills are called________

Placebos

Which of the following statements is true of the scientific method?

Psychologists are guided by principles of critical thinking as they try to draw conclusions from research evidence collected through the scientific method.

Research that is undertaken primarily because the researcher is interested in a research topic is called:

Pure research

Sofia does not like eating vegetables. To ensure that she eats vegetables, her mother offers her an extra helping of dessert every time Sofia finishes her vegetables. In the context of behaviorism, this is known as ______

Reinforcement

Professor Schwiesow is trained as which of the following?

School psychologist

A hypothesis is a:

Statement about behavior or mental processes that is testable through research.

According to the American Psychological Association's Handbooks of ethics in psychology, which of the following criteria must be met for psychologists to use deception in their experiments?

The participants are debriefed afterward.

Jane is a practicing psychologist who assesses the mental status of people charged with crimes and share her findings with the courts. Jane is most likely a(n) _________

forensic psychologist

B.F. Skinner proposed

that organisms learn to behave in certain ways because their behavior has a positive outcome.

When you are training a pet, you are most likely relying on which of the following psychological perspectives?

Behaviorist

The______perspective works on the assumption that thoughts, fantasies, and dreams--and inborn or instinctive behavior patters of various species--are made possible by the nervous system and especially by the brain.

Biological

_______ primarily study how we perceive and mentally represent the world, how we learn, remember the past, plan, problem solve, and use language.

Cognitive Psychologists

An association among variables is known as_______

Correlation

A(n)_________expresses the strength and direction (positive or negative) of the relationship between two variables.

Correlation Coefficient

_______is described as a way of evaluating the claims and comments of other people that involves skepticism and examination of evidence.

Critical thinking

Derris is a research assistant in Dr. Smith's psychology lab. When the participant asked him what the conditions of the study were, Derris replied, 'I do not know.' This is an example of a _________ study.

Double-Blind

Which of the following is a principle of critical thinking?

Insist on evidence

Which of the following statements is true of applied research?

It is designed to find solutions to specific personal or social problems.

On his first day as a school psychologist, Daniel took a trip to the school ground and quietly sat in the corner watching the children play. He noticed several patters in the way children behaved with each other, especially when they were playing games. Daniel is most likely using the method of________

Naturalistic Observation