Psych Exam 4 @utk

Which of the following involves taking negative actions against people because of their race, ethnicity, gender, or age?

Discrimination

________ is credited with the first comprehensive theory of personality.

Freud

Which of the following refers to the strengthening of an original group attitude after views within the group are discussed?

Group polarization

Which term refers to the proportion of difference among people that is attributed to genetics?

Heritability

Which term refers to the tendency to form friendships and business relationships with others who are similar?

Homophily

Which of the following is motivated by anger and focused on causing pain?

Hostile aggression

Which of the following questions is answered by a social norm?

How am I supposed to behave?

Which of the following describes the focus of humanism?

How healthy people develop

Which term refers to the person that you would like to be?

Ideal self

Which of the following refers to a person's feelings that they lack worth?

Inferiority complex

Who proposed the locus of control concept?

Julian Rotter

Which of the following is not a projective test?

Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)

What trait do both men and women tend to look for in a romantic partner?

Physical attractiveness

Which of the following illustrates stereotyping?

Red Sox fans are obnoxious.

Audrey plays the piano without any mistakes when she performs in front of an audience. However, when she practices alone, Audrey makes many mistakes. Which of the following does this situation illustrate?

Social facilitation

Which of the following adolescents is least likely to be targeted for bullying?

The captain of the football team

Which projective test requires participants to tell a story based on a picture?

Thematic Apperception Test

According to Erikson, which of the following is the first developmental task of all human beings?

Trust vs. mistrust

What is the Rorschach Inkblot Test intended to reveal about a participant?

Unconscious desires and fears

Which of the following is responsible for arranging personality temperaments along two major axes?

Wilhelm Wundt

On his first day of soccer practice, Jose suits up in a t-shirt, shorts, and cleats and runs out to the field to join his teammates. Jose's behavior is reflective of ________.

a script

In order for the central route to persuasion to be effective, the audience must be ________ and ________.

analytical; motivated

According to the Eysenck's theory, people who score high on neuroticism tend to be ________.

anxious

Which of the following countries tends to score high on collectivism?

Brazil

According to the Eysencks, personality is primarily controlled by ________.

biology

According to Galen, the ________ person is passionate, ambitious, and bold.

choleric

The idea that people's ideas about themselves should match their actions is called ________.

congruence

The Oedipus complex occurs in the ________ stage of psychosexual development.

phallic

In most cases, bullying from boys involves ________.

physical harm

The id operates on the ________ principle.

pleasure

The ego defense mechanism in which a person who is confronted with anxiety returns to a more immature behavioral stage is called ________.

regression

The way a person reacts to the world, starting when they are very young, including the person's activity level, is known as ________.

temperament

Examples of cues used in peripheral route persuasion include all of the following except ________.

factual information

Marco believes that people over age 70 should not be allowed to drive and that they occupy jobs that should belong to younger, more capable people. Which term best describes Marco?

Ageist

Which of the following asserted that birth order shapes personality?

Alfred Adler

Which approach to studying personality seeks to evaluate the cultural validity of Western ideas about personality?

Cultural-comparative approach

Attitudes describe our ________ of people, objects, and ideas.

evaluations

Jane believes that she got a bad grade on her psychology paper because her professor doesn't like her. Jane most likely has an _______ locus of control.

external

Hans and Sybil Eysenck viewed people as having two specific personality dimensions: ________.

extroversion/introversion; neuroticism/stability

The United States is considered a(n) ________ culture.

individualist

According to the actor-observer bias, we have more information about ________.

influences on our own behavior

In the Asch experiment, participants conformed due to ________ social influence.

normative

Altruism is a form of prosocial behavior that is motivated by ________.

selfless helping of others

The three components of reciprocal determinism are behavior, cognitive processes, and ________.

situational context

As a field, social psychology focuses on ________ in predicting human behavior.

situational factors

Collectivistic cultures are to ________ as individualistic cultures are to ________.

situational; dispositional

A(n) ________ is a set of group expectations for appropriate thoughts and behaviors of its members.

social norm

According to the findings of the Minnesota Study of Twins Reared Apart, identical twins, whether raised together or apart, have ________ personalities

very similar