Psych Midterm Prep Ch. 3: BIOPSYCHOLOGY

When you receive touch information it is processed in the somatosensory cortex of your brain, which is located in the ___________ lobe. A. parietal B. frontal C. temporal D. occipital

A. parietal

Which of the following are the two most basic divisions of the peripheral nervous system? A. somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system B. central nervous system; dendrites C. sympathetic nervous system; parasympathetic nervous system D. brain; spinal cord

A. somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system

In the nervous system, the job of the axons is to ________ electrical impulses within and to other neurons. A. transmit action potentials of B. integrate information from C. detect information from D. release neurotransmitters of

A. transmit action potentials of

Which one of the following processes does NOT occur to excess neurotransmitters in the synapse? A. Break down or digested into inactive fragments. B. Collection by scavenger vesicles left over from the neurotransmitter release. C. Drifting away from the synapse via diffusion. D. Reuptake within the pre-synaptic neuron.

B. Collection by scavenger vesicles left over from the neurotransmitter release.

Candice wants to create a computer model of the nervous system. She asks her friend Mei what the "basic unit" of the nervous system is so that she can start her model. What should Mei's response be? A. The brain B. The neuron C. The spinal cord D. Nerve fibers

B. The neuron

Elaina has been diagnosed with a small brain tumor. She first went to see her doctor after experiencing symptoms such as feeling very cold, almost fainting, a reduced appetite, and reduced sexual desire. Which of the following structures is her tumor most likely affecting? A. Broca's area B. hypothalamus C. substantia nigra D. thalamus

B. hypothalamus

Neurons are able to communicate when A. terminal buttons plug into receptor sites on adjacent dendrites. B. neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind with receptors on the postsynaptic dendrite. C. electric signals jump across the synapse to the adjacent neuron. D. chemicals released into the synapse are converted to neurotransmitters that bind with receptors.

B. neurotransmitters cross the synapse and bind with receptors on the postsynaptic dendrite.

The ________ nervous system is responsible for stimulating digestion and causing the bladder to contract. A. autonomic B. parasympathetic C. somatic D. sympathetic

B. parasympathetic

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the case study of Phineas Gage's accident, which led to brain injury? A. Frontal lobe injury causes people to be incapable of controlling their emotional impulses. B. Injury to the brain causes changes in behavior, but specific brain areas are not linked to specific behaviors. C. Injury to the frontal lobe does not affect behavior. D. Injury to the brain causes changes in behavior, and specific brain areas are linked to particular behaviors

D. Injury to the brain causes changes in behavior, and specific brain areas are linked to particular behaviors

The ________ nervous system is responsible for responses such as pupil dilation, increased heart rate, and increased respiration. A. autonomic B. parasympathetic C. somatic D. sympathetic

D. sympathetic

_______ is a state of equilibrium, in which biological conditions (such as body temperature) are maintained at optimal levels. A. homeostasis B. resting potential C. reuptake D. synergy

A. homeostasis

When Opal sees a snake, her breathing becomes more shallow and her heart rate increases. This life-essential, physiological stress response is initiated in which area of the brain? A. Hindbrain B. Midbrain C. Forebrain D. Insulabrain

A. Hindbrain

Twin boys both have a gene associated with aggressive tendencies. What is the most likely outcome to be observed in their behavior as they grow up? A. It is not possible to determine the twins' behaviors based on having this single gene. B. It is unlikely that either will show aggressive tendencies. C. The chances of significant aggressive tendencies are about 50:50, so one of the twins will likely show these behaviors. D. The twins both have the gene, so they likely will be aggressive in some way.

A. It is not possible to determine the twins' behaviors based on having this single gene.

Which of the following is NOT a modern method for accurately measuring brain activity/functioning? A. Magnetic resonance imaging B. Transcranial magnetic stimulation C. Functional magnetic resonance imaging D. Positron emission tomography scan

A. Magnetic resonance imaging

The ________ is involved in our experience of emotion and tying emotional meaning to our memories. A. amygdala B. corpus callosum C. hypothalamus D. pons

A. amygdala

The ________ receives messages from muscles, tendons, joints, and structures in our ear to control balance, coordination, movement, and fine motor skills. A. cerebellum B. sensory cortex C. substantia nigra D. ventral tegmental area

A. cerebellum

Lisa has problems sleeping, so she goes to a sleep clinic. At the clinic the researchers measure her brain's electrical activity as she sleeps by using the technique of A. electroencephalographs (EEGs). B. transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). C. functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). D. computerized tomography scan (CAT).

A. electroencephalographs (EEGs)

The site where communication occurs between neurons is called the A. axon. B. synapse. C. cell body. D. dendrite.

B. synapse.

Daiyo, a behavioral geneticist, is studying the interaction of heredity and environment. When he looks at monozygotic (identical) twins, what will he probably see in their phenotypes? A. Their genotypes will cause them to have very different phenotypes. B. Their environments will cause them to have very different phenotypes. C. Their genotypes will predispose them toward certain traits, but their environments influence whether those traits are expressed in their phenotypes. D. They will have exactly the same phenotype because they have the same genotypes.

C. Their genotypes will predispose them toward certain traits, but their environments influence whether those traits are expressed in their phenotypes.

The two major divisions of the nervous system are the ________ and ________. A. autonomic; somatic nervous systems B. autonomic; sympathetic nervous systems C. central; peripheral nervous systems D. parasympathetic; sympathetic nervous systems

C. central; peripheral nervous systems

Korro is walking to school thinking about the lobes of the cerebral cortex. He realizes that each of the lobes are active as he watches where he's going, hears the traffic around him, feels the breeze on his arms, and plans his day. The ______ lobe is responsible for his ability to plan ahead. A. parietal B. occipital C. frontal D. temporal

C. frontal

Zharahas suffered damage to her forebrain and now has great difficulty forming new memories. Which subcortical structure of the forebrain has most likely been damaged? A. basal ganglia B. thalamus C. hippocampus D. amygdala

C. hippocampus

The motor cortex in the frontal lobe is responsible for processing ________. A. cognition and emotion B. language, such as speech C. motor information to body areas, such as arms, legs, and face D. temperature, touch, and pain

C. motor information to body areas, such as arms, legs, and face

Captain Action Potential is traveling down the Axon Road with his men in order to escape the Cell Body and to join his reinforcements at the Terminal Buttons. Captain Action Potential's journey would go much faster if he used the fatty layer known as the ______ to reach his destination. A. synapse B. cerebral cortex C. myelin sheath D. neurotransmitter

C. myelin sheath

Studying close relatives allows behavioral geneticists to determine ________. A. how behaviors have changed over time B. the contribution of genes or environment to the behavior in the individuals studied C. the relative contributions of genes and environment in a population D. whether genes or environment cause a behavior or trait

C. the relative contributions of genes and environment in a population