Psych Quiz 3

The average newborn triples his weight by

1 year

Children reach half their adult height by the age of years.

2

Clara's weight is in the 30th percentile. This means that percent of all babies her age weigh less than she does and percent of all babies her age weigh more than she does.

30;70

The average North American newborn weighs pounds at birth.

7

An abusive caregiver shakes an infant to get her to stop crying. The infant stops crying. Why?

Blood vessels in her brain rupture and neural connections break

In addition to cultural influences, what is a compelling reason that causes parents to choose to co- sleep with their infant?

Co-sleeping makes nighttime feedings easier.

Janie is a 3-month-old infant participating in an experiment. She's lying in her crib with one end of a ribbon tied to her foot and the other end tied to a mobile dangling over her crib. She quickly learns that she controls the movement of the mobile with her kicking. One week later, the researchers return, tie the ribbon to her foot and hang the mobile above her crib. Immediately, Janie starts vigorously kicking her leg. What does this experiment demonstrate?

Three-month-olds can remember things for at least a week.

Geraldo loves to climb, and there are many opportunities for him to do so around his home: on the the bookshelf in the living room, the decorative rocks in the front yard, and the ladder for the slide at the park. Each of these opportunities is

an affordance for climbing

A hypothesis that has been repeatedly disproved is that the MMR vaccine causes

autism

Piaget believed children begin to develop cognitively at

birth

Studies comparing breast-feeding to bottle-feeding show that:

breast-fed babies have fewer allergies and stomachaches

Becky is a four-month-old infant whose mother uses a high-pitched voice, simple words or phrases, and lots of repetition when she speaks. Becky delights in her mother's use of:

child-directed speech

According to Chomsky's theory of language acquisition:

children have an inborn ability to learn language.

The language acquisition device (LAD) was proposed by Chomsky to explain

children's ability to derive the rules of grammar quickly and effectively.

Brain weight triples in size during first two years of life primarily because of the growth of:

dendrites

Behaviors that involve small body movements are known as

fine motor skills

In Piaget's terminology, sensorimotor stage two is describes as

first acquired adaptations

Binocular vision refers to the ability to:

focus on an object with both eyes

The behavior of an infant in sensorimotor stage four might best be described as:

goal oriented

Mariska is participating in a research study to determine whether she can detect the difference between two amounts: a circle containing two dots versus a circle with no dots inside. The researcher shows her the empty circle repeatedly until she looks away while it is on the screen. Then the researcher shows her the circle with two dots in it, and records how long Mariska stares at it. What research method is being used?

habituation

The human body is equipped to protect the brain when malnutrition temporarily affects body growth. This protective feature is known as

head-sparing

According to the social-pragmatic theory, infants communicate because

humans are social beings

Gross motor skills are

large movements

Piaget's sixth stage of sensorimotor intelligence is known as the stage of

mental combinations

In one research study, scientist scanned the brains of both a monkey reaching for a banana and another monkey watching that action. The same neurons in a particular region of the brain were activated in both monkeys. These neurons are called

mirror neurons

What three factors contribute to the ability to walk?

muscle strength, brain maturation, practice

Baby Hugh enjoys playing with his dad's keys, but when his dad takes them away, Hugh does not search for them. Piaget would say that is because Hugh does not understand:

object permanence

A is a ranking between 0 and 100 that compares children of the same age in order to determine whether a particular baby is growing well.

percentile

A visual cliff is used to assess infants'

perception of depth

The last part of the brain to mature is the

prefrontal cortex

The process through which unused dendrites atrophy and die is called

pruning

The usual order of the development of spoken language in an infant is

reflexes, cooing, babbling, and spoken words

According to Piaget, stage-five sensorimotor baby is like a

scientist who experiments to see what will happen

Piaget called an infant's first period of cognitive development:

sensorimotor intelligence

A life-threatening condition that occurs when infants are shaken back and forth sharply and quickly is called

shaken baby syndrome

. By 10 months of age, Alan has a vocabulary of a dozen words. B. F. Skinner would have attributed Alan's rapid speech development mainly to:

the amount his parents talk to him.

In Piaget's terminology, sensorimotor stage one is described as

the stages of reflexes

Newborns prefer:

their mother's language more than any other language.

The brain develops extremely quickly in the first few years, but not all of this growth is permanent. Due to its rapidity and temporary nature, this rapid brain growth is called:

transient exuberance

The sense that is the least functional at birth is an infant's _____.

vision