psych test

Which study is a researcher who wants to draw correct cause-and-effect conclusions about the sense of smell likely to conduct?

A study in which the researcher randomly assigns 50 people to a group that experiences an odor-free environment to see whether the group exposed to the strong smell of roses reports experiencing more memories.

Which of the following refers to the just-noticeable difference between two stimuli?

Difference threshold

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates a context effect?

Jeannette does better on her exam when she takes it in the same room were she studies

The change in the curvature of the lens that enables the eye to focus on objects at various distances is called

accomodation

When Rocco views the image above, he sees it as a 13 when it is part of a larger number but as a B when it is part of a word. Rocco's response shows the importance of what perceptual concept?

context effects

Which of the following phenomena can the opponent-process theory of color vision explain that the trichromatic theory cannot

negative afterimages

Receptors that are especially important for helping a person maintain balance are located in the

ossicles

The area labeled a in the picture represents

ossicles

When Rosa has a cold, she cannot taste the flavor of her pizza. Which of the following psychological terms describes Rosa's inability to taste?

sensory interaction

A reason that one typically does not notice a blind spot in the visual field is that

the brain fills in missing information so there is no awareness that the visual field is incomplete

people who are color blind most likely have deficiencies in their

cones

Which of the following is part of the vestibular system in this picture

B

Which monocular depth cue is illustrated in the figure above?

Linear perspective

David Hubel and torsten wiesels research on responses of the brain to visual stimuli showed that

Many cortical cells respond most strongly to specific visual information

In the dark, an object is more clearly seen when viewed in peripheral vision than when viewed directly. This phenomenon occurs because the rods located in the retina are

More sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea

A person with sight in only one eye lacks which of the following visual cues for seeing in depth

Retinal disparity

independent variable

The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.

evidence for opponent process theory of color vision is provided by the fact that

The eyes see negative afterimages after staring at saturated colors for several minutes

Ernst Weber's and Gustav Fechner's psychophysical laws concern the relation between which of the following?

The intensity of a stimulus and its corresponding psychological sensation

The coiled tube in the inner ear that contains the auditory receptors is called the

cochlea

Which of the following scenarios is most likely to result in impairment of the kinesthetic sense?

damage to the cerebellum

elanor gibson and her colleagues have used the visual cliff to measure an infant's ability to percieve

depth

It can be assumed that an individual described as a supertaster

is very sensitive to hot peppers

Hyrum is at a concert when a flute player hits a very high note at the end of a song. Which of the following best explains why the pitch of the note sounds so high?

it has a short wavelength and high frequency

Ana injured her eye in an accident and has to wear a patch over the eye while it heals. Which of the following cues would she best be able to use to make judgments about the distance objects are from her?

linear perspective

To study the effects of smoking on sense of smell, a researcher would most likely conduct a

longitudinal study on 100 smokers and a matched sample of 100 nonsmokers to determine whether the smokers sense of smell declines more over time than the nonsmokers did

After his friend said a new movie was the funniest he had seen in years, Willard found himself laughing throughout the viewing, even though the movie was not very funny. What concept is Willard demonstrating?

perceptual set

In vision, transduction occurs within the

retina

An individuals ability to focus on a particular conversation in a noisy and crowded room is called

selective attention

Using cell phones while driving increases the number of accidents because use of the phones requires

selective attention

Climbing an irregular set of stairs is more difficult for an individual who wears a patch over one eye primarily because

some depth perception is lost

Research has shown that a major reason for poor performance which multitasking is that while multitasking, people

switch their attention rapidly from task to task, so they miss critical information associated with a task that is not receiving their attention.

When a pair of lights flashing in quick succession seems to an observer to be one light moving from place to place, the effect is referred to as

the phi phenomenon

People listening to rock music played backward often perceive an evil message if specifically told what to listen for. That phenomenon best illustrates

top-down processing

Scott lost his vision at a young age. When he was much older, he received a corneal transplant that allowed him to see again. After so many years of not being able to see, he had a very difficult time interpreting visual information such as faces and expressions. His visual problems most likely came from processing difficulties in the

visual cortex