Psych Unit 3

Evidence that some cones are especially sensitive to red light, others to green light, and still others to blue light is most directly supportive of the __________ theory.

Young-Helmholtz

The direct link between a single cone and a single _________ preserves the fine details in the cone's message.

bipolar cell

Research participants picked one of two photographed faces as more attractive. When researchers cleverly switched the photos, participants readily explained why they preferred the face they had actually reflected. Their behavior illustrated

choice blindness.

The Gestalt principle that refers to an individual's tendency to perceive an incomplete figure as whole is called

closure

The basilar membrane is located in the

cochlea.

The ability to simultaneously recognize the color, shape, size, and speed of an oncoming automobile best illustrates

parallel processing.

Damage to the temporal lobe area of the brain essential for facial recognition produces a loss of

perception.

The receptor cells that convert light energy into neural signals are called

rods and cones.

In University of Utah driving-simulation experiments, students conversing on cell phones were slower to detect and respond to traffic signals. This best illustrates

selective attention.

The sequentially flashing Christmas tree lights appeared to generate pulsating waves of motion. This best illustrates

the phi phenomenon.

Which of the following is most closely associated with hairlike receptors in the semicircular canals?

Hearing

Which of the following explains reverse-color afterimages?

Hering's opponent-process theory

Feature detectors are neurons that are turned on or off by specific features of visual stimuli like edges and movement. Where in the visual system are these feature detectors located?

Occipital cortex

Which of the following is the correct path a neural impulse will follow through the different layers of the retina?

Rods and cones, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, optic nerve

What occurs when experiences influence our interpretation of data?

Top-down processing

An integrated understanding of perception in terms of our sensory capacities, cultural contexts, and Gestalt principles is most clearly provided by

a biopsychosocial approach.

The change in the curvature of the lens that enables the eye to focus on objects at various distances is called

accommodation

Which of the following sensations does NOT require transduction *

all require transduction

The rupture of an eardrum can lead to

conduction hearing loss.

Which of the following is the correct order of structures light passes through in the eye?

cornea, iris, pupil, lens, retina

Sensation is to __________ as perception is to __________.

detection; interpretation

Some people are better then others at detecting slight variations in the tastes of various blends of coffee. This best illustrates the importance of *

difference threshold.

Which process allows more light to reach the periphery of the retina?

dilation of the pupil.

Which of the following types of cells are located in the brain's occipital lobe?

feature detectors

While attending a concert, Anthony finds that he can clearly recognize the melody coming from the lead violin above all the other instruments playing in the orchestra, even though the other instruments may be louder. Gestalt psychologists would explain Anthony's ability using the principle of

figure-ground

Visual information is processed by

ganglion cells before it is processed by feature detectors.

The mechanical vibrations triggered by sound waves are transduced into neural impulses by

haircells.

Dilation and constriction of the pupil are controlled by the

iris.

The sense of smell is known as

olfaction.

Balanced is influenced by the

semicircular canals

Which theory can best explain why people respond differently to the same stimuli?

signal detection theory

The ability to pay attention to only one voice at a time is called

the cocktail party effect.

The pitch of a sound is determined by what?

the frequency of the sound wave

The axons of ganglion cells converge to form

the optic nerve.

The semicircular canals are most directly relevant to

the vestibular sense.

Heather Sellers suffers from prosopagnosia and is unable to recognize her own face in a mirror. Her difficulty stems from a deficiency in

top-down processing.

The process of converting incoming physical energy into a neural code that can be processed is called

transduction

The local fire department sounds the 12 o'clock whistle. The process by which your ears convert the sound waves from the siren into neural impulses is an example of

transduction.

The feature detectors identified by Hubel and Wiesel respond to specific aspects of ________ stimulation.

visual

Light's __________ is the distance from one wave peak to the next. This dimension determines the __________ we experience.

wavelength; hue