Psych110 Ch.13-15 Exam4
The introduction of therapeutic drugs and community-based treatment programs in the _____ helped to empty large mental hospitals as well as mark an era of improved treatments.
1950s
Bipolar disorder affects women and men in a ratio of _____.
1:1
In a follow-up to his original obedience experiment, Stanley Milgram used 40 new teachers to determine whether participants obeyed because the learners' protests were not convincing. The new teachers complied _____ percent of the time.
65
Billy has an identical twin who was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Research suggests that the chances are _____ that Billy will also suffer from bipolar disorder at some point in his life.
7 in 10
Darla has an identical twin who was recently diagnosed with bipolar disorder. Research suggests that the chances are about _____ percent that Darla will also suffer from bipolar disorder at some point in her life.
70
_____ is characterized by one or more of three key symptoms, including extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
ADHD
Mental health reform came about from the efforts of _____ in France and _____ in the United States.
Alfred Binet; Horace Buttolph
Dr. Sorenson meets with a client who displays both psychological problems and problems functioning in her daily life. Which of the five axes of the DSM-IV-TR would Dr. Sorenson use to assess this client's personal functioning?
Axis V: What is the Global Assessment of this person's functioning?
_____ is to cognitive therapy as _____ is to cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Beck; Ellis
How does bipolar disorder differ from major depressive disorder?
Bipolar disorder is often more disruptive of normal functioning than is depressive disorder.
Who emphasized the importance of active listening in the process of psychotherapy?
Carl Rogers
A current authoritative scheme for classifying psychological disorders is found in the _____.
DSM-IV-TR
The American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, with an updated "text revision"; a widely used system for classifying psychological disorders.
DSM-IV-TR
Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to _____.
ECT
Generated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction-a strategy designed to decrease international tensions.
GRIT
Disorders of clinical attention such as schizophrenia belong on which Axis of the DSM?
I
Dr. Matos has just finished evaluating a person suffering from schizophrenia who has considerable legal and financial difficulties. His legal and financial difficulties belong on which Axis of the DSM?
IV
_____ placed 22 Oklahoma City boys in two separate camps. He then put the two groups through a series of competitive activities, with prizes going to the victors. Before long, each group became intensely proud of itself and hostile to the other group.
Muzafer Sherif
_____ result(s) from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval.
Normative social influence
_____ result(s) from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval, whereas _____ result(s) from a person's willingness to accept other's opinions about reality.
Normative social influence; informational social influence
Personality disorders can be classified into three clusters. One cluster expresses anxiety, such as that exhibited in _____. People with this personality disorder are so fearful of rejection that it predisposes them to withdraw from society.
Personality disorders can be classified into three clusters. One cluster expresses anxiety, such as that exhibited in _____. People with this personality disorder are so fearful of rejection that it predisposes them to withdraw from society.
_____ refers to the tendency for people to exert less effort when working in groups than when working alone.
Social loafing
His experiments on obedience at Yale University are some of the most famous psychological experiments of all time.
Stanley Milgram
An overabundance of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine is MOST likely to be associated with:
a manic episode.
Elaine feels that her life is empty. She has lost interest in career and hobbies, and she wonders if she would be better off dead. She is most likely suffering from:
a mood disorder
Empathetic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.
active listening
Any physical or verbal behavior intended to hurt or destroy.
aggression
Fear or avoidance of situations in which panic may strike, escape might be difficult, and help unavailable.
agoraphobia
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.
altruism
An eating disorder in which a person maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly underweight.
anorexia nervosa
The _____ in the brain monitors our actions and checks for errors.
anterior cingulate cortex
Drugs used to control anxiety and agitation.
antianxiety drugs
_____ drugs work by increasing the availability of norepinephrine or serotonin, neurotransmitters that evaluate arousal and mood.
antidepressant
Drugs used to treat depression and some anxiety disorders.
antidepressant drugs
Drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.
antipsychotic drugs
Kyle is extremely manipulative. He can look anyone in the eye and lie convincingly. His deceit often endangers the safety and well-being of those around him, but he is indifferent to their suffering as a result of his actions. His behavior BEST illustrates _____ personality disorder.
antisocial
A personality disorder in which a person exhibits a lack of conscience for wrongdoing, even toward friends and family members; aggressive, ruthless, and a clever con artist.
antisocial personality disorder
The symptoms of _____ begin to appear at a median age of about 8.
antisocial personality disorder
Psychological disorders characterized by distressing, persistent anxiety or maladaptive behaviors that reduce anxiety.
anxiety disorders
Threat is to _____ as loss is to _____.
anxiety; depression
Although the cause of antisocial personality disorder is unclear, some people do appear to have a genetic vulnerability. For example, twin and adoptions studies indicate that biological relatives of those with antisocial personality disorder:
are at increased risk for antisocial behavior.
People who are diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder:
are tense and apprehensive all of the time.
A psychological disorder marked by the appearance by age 7 of one or more of three key symptoms: extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity.
attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
The mental process of inferring the causes of people's behavior, including one's own, is called _____.
attribution
In _____, the goal is to substitute a negative response for a positive response to a harmful stimulus.
aversive conditioning
Systematic desensitization, virtual reality exposure therapy, and _____ are all examples of classical conditioning techniques used in behavior therapy.
aversive conditioning
A therapist helps Rebecca overcome her fear of water by getting her to swim in the family's backyard pool three times a day for two consecutive weeks. The therapist's approach to helping Rebecca BEST illustrates:
aversive conditioning.
In order to help people with their psychological disorders, _____ therapy uses both classical and operant conditioning.
behavior
Therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors.
behavior therapy
Significant binge eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt.
binge-eating disorder
Prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology.
biomedical therapy
Medication is to psychological techniques as ______ is to _____.
biomedical therapy; psychotherapy
A mood disorder in which a person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania; formerly manic-depressive disorder.
bipolar disorder
Aaron is a prolific painter. However, he is also prone to periods of hopelessness and depression, which are followed by periods of mania. It is very likely that Aaron is suffering from _____.
bipolar disorder
An eating disorder in which a person alternates binge eating with purging or fasting.
bulimia nervosa
The tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present.
bystander effect
When Huan was asked by his best friend, Peng, to go on a blind date with a friend of Peng's girlfriend, Huan asked her ethnicity. Huan wanted this information so he that could _____ this woman, place her into a group, and hopefully predict her behavior.
categorize
Occurs when interested people focus on the arguments and respond with favorable thoughts.
central route persuasion
In one study, participants who worked alongside someone who rubbed his face or shook his foot were observed to do the same behaviors. Their mimicry illustrates the _____ effect.
chameleon
While waiting for a carnival ride, Matt says, "I swear I'll throw up!" Donovan replies, "Don't you dare! If you do, then I will for sure." Chartrand and Bargh (1999) called this automatic imitation of others' behavior the _____ effect.
chameleon
A humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate client's growth; person-centered therapy
client-centered therapy
Humanistic therapists refer to those in therapy as:
clients
People tend to feel discomfort when their thoughts are inconsistent with their actions. Then they act to reduce that discomfort. This is known as the _____ theory.
cognitive dissonance
Professor Martino wrote a letter of recommendation for a student, despite his doubts about her competence. After writing the letter, he began to develop a more favorable attitude about the student's abilities. The theory that best explains this change in attitude is _____.
cognitive dissonance
Therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking, based on assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.
cognitive therapy
Aaron Beck's therapy, which teaches people new and more adaptive ways of thinking and acting, is based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and a person's emotional reactions. This therapy is called:
cognitive therapy.
A popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy with behavior therapy.
cognitive-behaviorial therapy
The deep affectionate attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined.
companionate love
Andrea experiences extreme anxiety when she approaches any lake. Her therapist suggests that her fear is the result of a traumatic childhood boating accident. The therapist's suggestion reflects a(n) _____ perspective.
conditioning
A perceived incompatibility of actions, goals, or ideas.
conflict
Adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard.
conformity
Many physicians did not realize that bleeding was an ineffective treatment for typhoid fever until researchers made effective use of a(n) _____ group.
control
Behavior therapy procedures that use classical conditioning to evoke new responses to stimuli that are triggering unwanted behaviors.
counterconditioning
Frieda is shy. However, while watching a rock concert with a huge crowd, she loses her inhibitions and behaves in a sexually provocative way. Frieda's behavior at the concert is best understood in terms of:
deindividuation
The loss of self-awareness and self-restraint occurring in group situations that foster arousal and anonymity.
deindividuation
The reduction in personal identity and erosion of the sense of personal responsibility when one is part of a group is known as _____.
deindividuation
False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders.
delusions
_____ are to false beliefs as _____ are to false perceptions.
delusions; hallucinations
Blake's doctor told him that he should not drink alcohol while taking Xanax. This is because antianxiety agents such as Xanax:
depress central nervous system activity
An effective way to break the cycle of _____ is to explain stressful events in terms that are specific and temporary.
depression
The brains of people who suffer from _____ tend to have low levels of serotonin.
depression
The symptoms of major _____ begin to appear at a median age of about 25.
depression
Following the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, White Americans expressed _____ racial prejudice.
diminishing
Unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members.
discrimination
Dr. Weaver began her evaluation of Roger when he was admitted to the psychiatric unit. When she asked why he was here, he responded that "the binary code knows the answer to the riddle that is in the middle on the griddle. Furthermore, I know that the horned head of Zeus rises in the early morning." Roger has this subtype of schizophrenia.
disorganized
This subtype of schizophrenia is characterized by disorganized speech or behavior, or inappropriate emotion.
disorganized
Conservatives are more likely to make ____ attributions than are liberals.
dispositional
Attributing one's behavior to the person's stable, enduring traits.
dispositional attribution
The notion that Milgram's classic experiment's results reflect his weak-willed participants exemplifies a(n) _____ attribution; which means that it also illustrates ______.
dispositional; the fundamental attribution error
Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous memories, thoughts, and feelings.
dissociative disorders
A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits two or more distinct and alternating personalities.
dissociative identity disorder (DID)
While researchers have discovered that there are an excessive number of receptor sites for _____, it is not the only neurotransmitter involved in schizophrenia.
dopamine
Dr. Pimler is conducting a study on a new antipsychotic medication. In order to determine if the drug is effective, he should use the _____.
double-blind technique
A therapist who uses a variety of psychological theories and therapeutic methods is said to be using a(n) _____ approach.
eclectic
An approach to psychotherapy that uses techniques from various forms of therapy.
eclectic approach
A biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Patients receive a general anesthetic and muscle relaxant prior to treatment with:
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT).
Alexandra is well-liked by her friends. When you watch her, you can see that she mimics her friends' gestures and seems to match their moods. Your textbook suggests that this automatic mimicry is a component of:
empathy
A condition in which people receive from a relationship in proportion to what they give to it.
equity
Clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences.
evidence-based practice
Dr. Reyes argues that anxiety disorders represent exaggerations of behaviors promoting survival in humanity's distant past. For instance, arachnophobia may stem from a healthy wariness of dangerous spiders. Dr. Reyes seems to endorse the _____ perspective in psychology.
evolutionary
Systematic desensitization is a form of _____ therapy.
exposure
Behavioral techniques that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actual situations) to the things they fear and avoid.
exposure therapies
Therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members.
family therapy
According to the text, one analysis of _____ online support groups showed most self-help groups focus on stigmatized or hard-to-discuss illnesses.
fourteen-thousand
Aaron Beck was originally trained in _____ techniques but developed his own form of therapy.
freudian
Deficits in the functioning of the _____ are associated with aggression.
frontal lobes
The principle that frustration creates anger, which can generate aggression.
frustration-aggression principle
The tendency for observers to underestimate the impact of the situation and overestimate the impact of inner dispositions upon another's behavior is called the _____.
fundamental attribution error
An anxiety disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of automatic nervous system arousal.
generalized anxiety disorder
If you have too much _____, your brain's alarm centers may become overactive.
glutamate
: In recent years, political commentators have lamented that the cultural and political divide between the "red states" and "blue states" has become a chasm that has been exacerbated by social media. Social psychologists might point to the phenomenon of _______ to explain this.
group polarization
A group of prejudiced high school students discussed racial issues. During the conversation, their attitudes became even more prejudiced. This best illustrates _____.
group polarization
By the social psychological phenomenon of ______, "preaching to the choir" should increase the choir's belief in the sermon.
group polarization
The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group.
group polarization
Therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals, permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction.
group therapy
The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.
groupthink
Norm complains that threatening voices are constantly telling him he is so evil he should kill himself. Norm's perceptions are called _____.
hallucinations
Regarding the treatment of schizophrenia, therapeutic drugs that block dopamine receptors are most likely to reduce _____.
hallucinations and paranoia
You are watching golf and see Tiger Woods scowl after a missed putt. You would be making the fundamental attribution error if you assumed that he:
has an angry and volatile personality.
When Sky meets Lanie, one of the first things she notices is that Lanie is very dramatic and impulsive. She displays shallow, attention-getting emotions and will do whatever she can to get people to praise her. Lanie exhibits characteristics typical of _____ personality disorder.
histrionic
Recent immigrants have lower rates of psychological disorders than do native-born Americans of the same ethnic heritage.
immigrant paradox
In one study, Langer and Abelson (1974) told participants they were watching a videotaped interview of a job applicant, a cancer patient, or a psychiatric patient. Because the supposed identity of the interviewee was deliberately manipulated, it was a(n) _____ variable in the study.
independent
At a meeting in your office, three of your colleagues agree that the plan for a new advertising campaign is correct as it is. As a result, you feel the pressure to get the plan out today and agree. Your behavior illustrates:
informational social influence
Influence resulting from one's willingness to accept other's opinions about reality.
informational social influence
"Us"-people with whom we share a common identity.
ingroup
The tendency to favor our own group.
ingroup bias
A variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person's awareness of underlying motives and defenses.
insight therapies
In psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight.
interpretation
Mason frequently expresses his attitude about gun control legislation. He is very knowledgeable about the topic, and he has a vested interest in the subject. According to the attitudes-follows-behavior principle, Mason:
is likely to behave in accordance with his attitude.
The tendency for people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get.
just-world phenomenon
The social-cognitive perspective has linked the experience of depression with:
learned helplessness
_____ is effective in the treatment of seasonal affective disorder?
light exposure therapy
A psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlloing centers of the inner brain.
lobotomy
...
logo therapy
A mood disorder in which in a person experiences two or more weeks of significantly depressed moods or diminished interest or pleasure in most activities, along with at least four other symptoms.
major depressive disorder
A hyperactive, wildly optimistic state in which dangerously poor judgement is common.
mania
The concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and cured, often through treatment in a hospital.
medical model
The phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them.
mere exposure effect
A large pharmaceutical company is going to combine the results of all of its depression research studies as if the results had come from one huge study. This is a _____.
meta-analysis
A large pharmaceutical company is going to combine the results of all of its depression research studies, as if the results had come from one huge study. This is a _____.
meta-analysisa
In 2008, vice-Presidential candidate Sarah Palin described herself as a maverick. As passionate, committed individuals, Palin argued, she and Presidential candidate John McCain could change prevailing attitudes in Washington, DC, as well as in the United States. Palin was endorsing the power of:
minority influence
The power of one or two individuals to sway majorities is _____.
minority influence
Mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other as evil and aggressive.
mirror-image perceptions
Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes.
mood disorders
"The streets are rolling!" Andre exclaims. He's right: everyone seems to be out, looking for excitement, even trouble. A certain restless anticipation fills the air. Psychologists use the term _____ to describe this sharing of emotional ups and downs.
mood linkage
As midterms approach, you notice a certain vibe filling the entire lecture hall in one of your courses. Everyone seems to be feeling a combination of anxiety and solemnity. Psychologists use the term _____ to denote this sharing of emotional ups and downs.
mood linkage
Your sister-in-law always has a smile on her face and a joke to tell. The moment she walks into your house you start smiling, even before she says something funny. This is caused by:
mood linkage
Which of the following best illustrates a negative symptom of schizophrenia?
negative symptom
Victor's mother is frustrated because she cannot get Victor involved in any activities. Although he has been diagnosed with schizophrenia, she still expects him to do things around the house. But, most days he sits in a chair with no expression on his face. His absence of appropriate behavior is known as:
negative symptoms.
For the past three months, Nathanial, a heavy smoker, has been severely depressed. His doctor told him that it is likely that he smokes so much because:
nicotine can temporarily increase norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter scarce in people with depression.
An overabundance of the neurotransmitter _____ is most likely to be associated with a manic episode.
norepinephrine
Owen is a heavy smoker, and for the past three months, he has been severely depressed. Owen's doctor told him that it is likely that he smokes so much because nicotine can temporarily increase levels of _____, a neurotransmitter scarce during depression.
norepinephrine
An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions), actions (compulsions), or both.
obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately then faces of other races; cross-race effect; own-race bias.
other-race effect
"Them"-those perceived as different or apart from our in-group.
outgroup
An anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable, minutes-long episodes of intense dread in which a person experiences terror and accompanying chest pain, choking, or other frightening sensations.
panic disorder
An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship.
passionate love
It is difficult to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy because:
people often enter therapy in crisis, and these crises often pass without professional help.
Occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker's attractiveness.
peripheral route persuasion
Those with paranoid schizophrenia are particularly prone to delusions of _____.
persecution
Psychological disorders characterized by inflexible and enduring behavior that impair social functioning.
personality disorders
An anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object, activity, or situation.
phobia
The symptoms of _____ begin to appear at a median age of about 10.
phobias
Grant was seen laughing inappropriately in the library as if he was responding to internal stimuli. On the bus home, he was crying uncontrollably and suddenly became angered when a fellow passenger offered him a tissue. Grant's excess of inappropriate behavior reflects schizophrenia's _____ symptoms.
positive
_____ symptoms are the presence of inappropriate behaviors, and _____ symptoms are the absence of appropriate behaviors.
positive; negative
An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that linger for weeks or more after a traumatic experience.
post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
An unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members.
prejudice
____ is to attitude as ____ is to belief.
prejudice; stereotype
Negative attitudes toward another group of people are referred to as _____ and are based on a mixture of beliefs called _____.
prejudice; stereotypes
_____ is an example of a selective-serotonin-reuptake-inhibitor (SSRI)?
prozac
Sigmund Freud's therapeutic technique. Freud believed the person's free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences - and the therapist's interpretation of them - released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.
psychoanalysis
The _____ suggests that a dissociative identity disorder is created as a defense against the anxiety caused by the eruption of unacceptable impulses.
psychoanalytic perspective
Therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition; views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and seeks to enhance self-insight.
psychodynamic therapy
A significant dysfunction in a person's thoughts, feelings, or behaviors.
psychological disorder
The study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior
psychopharmacology
A psychological disorder in which a person loses contact with reality, experiencing irrational ideas and distorted perceptions.
psychosis
Surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.
psychosurgery
Treatment involving psychological techniques;
psychotherapy
An expectation that people will help, not hurt, those dependent upon them.
reciprocity norm
This helps maintain phobias and compulsions after they arise.
reinforcement
The application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain; used to stimulate or suppress brain activity.
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
Today, Ellen is going to the mental health clinic for a new treatment. During the procedure, her brain will be exposed to repeated pulses of magnetic energy. This type of treatment is known as _____.
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).
The personal strength that helps most people cope with and recover from adversity and even trauma.
resilience
In psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety laden material.
resistance
When patients in psychoanalysis block anxiety-laden material from their consciousness, they are experiencing:
resistance
The theory holding that we will like those whose behavior is rewarding to us, and will continue relationships that offer more rewards than costs.
reward theory of attraction
In the Stanford Prison Study, subjects were randomly assigned to be prisoners and guards in the experiment. The guards wore khaki prison uniforms, carried night sticks, and wore sunglasses, while the prisoners wore prison garb with their prison numbers on the back. These costumes signified the _____ each of the subjects played in the experiment.
role
The theory that prejudice offers an outlet for anger by providing someone to blame.
scapegoat theory
Ever since childhood, Jaime has been eccentric. She exhibits emotionless disengagement to such a degree that she might be diagnosed with _____ personality disorder.
schizoid
A group of severe disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and behaviors.
schizophrenia
Revealing intimate aspects of oneself to others.
self-disclosure
Psychodynamic therapists seek to help the client by enhancing his or her _____.
self-insight
Trina suffers from depression. Her physician has placed her on an antidepressant called Paxil that will help to increase her _____ supplies by blocking reuptake so that her receptor sites get enough of this neurotransmitter.
serotonin
Attributing one's behavior to the situation.
situational attribution.
Political conservatives are less likely to make _____ than are political liberals.
situational attributions
_____ psychologists explore how humans think about, influence, and relate to one another.
social
The theory that our social behavior is an exchange process, the aim of which is to maximize and minimize costs.
social exchange theory
Improved performance on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others.
social facilitation
Through our _____ we associate ourselves with certain groups and contrast ourselves with others.
social identities
If you have an intense fear of speaking in public, eating out, or going to parties, you may be suffering from _____.
social phobia
Culturally modeled guide for how to act inn various situations.
social script
A situation in which the conflicting parties, by each rationally pursuing their self-interest, become caught in mutually destructive behavior.
social trap
An expectation that people will help those dependent upon them.
social-responsibilty norm
A generalized belief about a group of people.
stereotype
Discrimination is to behavior as ____ is to belief.
stereotype
Occurs when a person experiences a fearful event and later develops a fear for similar events.
stimulus generalization
Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation.
superordinate goals
The ability to recover after sever stress is known as _____.
survivor resiliency
A type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli.
systematic desensitization
To help Adam reduce his fear of dogs, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and imagine that he is walking toward a friendly and harmless little dog. The therapist's technique BEST illustrates an early stage of _____.
systematic desensitization
Since they provide evidence of the predominance of self-interest in human interactions, social traps lend credence to the social psychological concept of:
the social exchange theory
The emotional bond between the therapist and client is known as the _____.
therapeutic alliance
The CDC recommendation is that women who will be more than _____ months pregnant during the flu season get a flu shot.
three
In psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships.
transference
Symptoms of alcohol dependence, schizophrenia, obsessive-compulsive and bipolar disorders begin t appear at a median age of about _____.
twenty
Mel and her doctor are trying to decide which medication Mel should use to reduce her psychotic symptoms. Her doctor told her that the first-generation dopamine-blocking drugs can have side effects such as:
twitches and tremors
Passionate love has been described as "adrenaline makes the heart grow fonder" because of the arousal caused by another person. The theory that best explains this is the:
two-factor theory
A caring, accepting, nonjudgemental attitude, which Carl Rogers believed would help client's develop self-awareness and self-acceptance.
unconditional positive regard
An anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to electronic simulations of their greatest fears.
virtual reality exposure therapy
Brenda experiences persistent auditory hallucinations and exhibits delusions of paranoia. Her psychiatrist wishes to avoid tardive dyskinesia. She opts to prescribe Brenda a medication such as Risperdal or _____.
zyprexa