Psychology Ch. 1

population

A __________ is a complete group, of interest to researchers, from which a sample is drawn for an experiment.

forensic

A(n) -------- psychologists deal with legal matters and evaluate eyewitness testimonies.

industrial

A(n) __________ psychologists primarily focus on the relationships between people and work.

personal

Applied research is designed to find solutions to specific ________ or social problems.

anxiety

Personality psychologists are particularly concerned with issues such as _______, aggression, and gender roles.

socially

Psychoanalysis aims to help patients find ________ acceptable ways of expressing wishes and gratifying needs.

childhood

Psychoanalysis emphasizes unconscious ideas and impulses that originate in _________ conflict.

environment

Social-cognitive theorists suggest that people can modify and create their __________.

objective

Structuralist were the first to believe the mind functions by combining _________ and subjective elements of experience.

humanist-existential

The ________ __________ perspective is grounded in the work of Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.

cognitive processes

The deliberate looking into ones own _________ _________ to examine one's thoughts and feelings is termed introspection.

dependent

The measured results, or outcomes, in an experiment are called _________ variables.

Gestalt

psychologists showed that people tend to perceive separate pieces of information as integrated wholes depending on the context in which they occur.

Psychology

the scientific study of behavior and mental processes

behavior

Functionalists focus on ________ as well as the mind or consciousness.

culturally

Gender refers to the __________ defined concepts of masculinity and femininity.

active

Gestalt psychologists believe that learning could be ______ and purposeful.

physical

Gustav Theodor Fechner showed how ________ events are related to psychological sensation and perceptions.

self-fulfillment

Humanism stresses people's capacities for ____ ___________ and the central role of consciousness, self-awareness, and decision making.

hypothesis

In the scientific method, a research question may be studied as a question of reworded as a __________.

critical

Insisting on evidence is a principle of ________ thinking.

case

Interviewers may influence participants to give responses that suite their expectations in ____ studies.

positive

B.F. Skinner proposed that organisms learn to behave in certain ways because their behavior has a _______ outcome.

life span

Developmental psychologists primarily study the changes - physical, cognitive, social, and emotional - that occurs throughout the ____ ____.

neoanalyst

Erik Erikson was a famous __________.

psychological

Wilhelm Wundt is credited with establishing the first _____________ laboratory in Leipzig, Germany.

introspection

Wilhelm Wundt used ______________ to try to discover the basic elements of experience.

fluid

William James argued that the stream of consciousness was _____.

functionalism

William James was a founder of the school of _____________.

naturalistic-observation

With ____________ ___________ psychologists can observe behavior where it happens "in the field."

Pure

____ research has been characterized as research for its own sake.

Theories

________ propose reasons for relationships among events and allows us to derive explanations and predictions

insight

in Gestalt psychology, learning especially problem solving, is accomplished primarily by _______.