PSYCHOLOGY: CHAPTER 1

A researcher interested in how changes in the cells of the hippocampus (a structure in the brain related to learning and memory) are related to memory information would most likely to identify as a(n) ___ psychologist. a. Biological b. Health c. Clinical d. Social

a. Biological

In the study of personality, the ___ model includes dimensions of conscientiousness, agreeableness, neuroticism, openness, and extroversion. a. Five Factor b. Fifth Dimension c. Either-or d. H.O.P.E.S.

a. Five Factor

The operant conditioning chamber (aka ___ box) is a device used to study the principles of operant conditioning. a. Skinner b. Watson c. James d. Koffka

a. Skinner

Psychology is a social science discipline psychologists scientifically study: a. The mind and behavior b. Only the mind c. Only behavior d. The soul, the mind, and behavior

a. The mind and behavior

In Milgram's controversial study of obedience, nearly ___ of the participants were willing to administer what appeared to be lethal electrical shocks to another person because they were told to do so by an authority figure. a. 1/3 b. 2/3 c. 3/4 d. 4/5

b. 2/3

Based on your reading, which theorist would have been most likely to agree with this statement: "Perceptual phenomena are best understood as a combination of their components." a. William James b. Max Wertheimer c. Carl Rogers d. Sigmund Freud

b. Max Wertheimer

'Psyche' is a Greek word meaning a. Essence b. Soul c. Behavior d. Love

b. Soul

Who was the first person referred to as a psychologist? a. Wolfgang Köhler b. Wilhelm Wundt c. Sigmund Freud d. William James

b. Wilhelm Wundt

Psychoanalytic theory focuses on ___ and early childhood experiences a. Sexual identity b. Fetal development c. A person's unconscious d. A person's consciousness

c. A person's unconscious

___ is most well-known for proposing his hierarchy of needs. a. Noah Chomsky b. Carl Rogers c. Abraham Maslow d. Sigmund Freud

c. Abraham Maslow

Behaviorists study: a. A person's unconscious mind b. Dreams c. Learned behavior d. Chemical and hormonal changes

c. Learned behavior

An individual's consistent pattern of thought and behavior is known as a(n): a. Psychosexual stage b. Object performance c. Personality d. Perception

c. Personality

Before psychology became a recognized academic discipline, matters of the mind were undertaken by those in a. Biology b. Chemistry c. Philosophy d. Physics

c. Philosophy

According to William James, the purpose of psychology was to: a. Manipulate human behavior b. Interpret dreams c. Study the function of behavior d. Study the structure and characteristics of the mind

c. Study the function of behavior

Which of the following defines hypothesis? a. Means of explaining social phenomenas b. Idea that proves a theory c. Tentative explanation d. Way of looking at the world

c. Tentative explanation

Which of the following was mentioned as a skill to which psychology students would be exposed? a. Critical thinking b. Use of the scientific method c. Critical evaluation of sources of information d. All of the above

d. All of the above

A researcher interested in what factors make an employee best suited for a given job would most likely identify as a(n) ___ psychologist. a. Personality b. Clinical c. Social d. I-O

d. I-O

In the scientific method, a hypothesis is a(n) a. Observation b. Measurement c. Test d. Proposed explanation

d. Proposed explanation

What is Abraham Maslow best known for? a. Studying the influence of reinforcement and punishment on behavior b. Dream analysis c. Classical conditioning d. Proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior

d. Proposing a hierarchy of human needs in motivating behavior

Psychology refers to the: a. Systematic study of human interaction b. Empirical study of humanity c. Experimental study of individuals d. Scientific study of the mind

d. Scientific study of the mind

Which of the following refers to a broad explanation or group of explanations for some aspect of the natural world that is consistently supported by evidence over time? a. Hypothesis b. Pseudoscience c. Sociology d. Scientific theory

d. Scientific theory

Rogers believed that providing genuineness, empathy, and ___ in the therapeutic environment for his clients was critical to their being able to deal with their problems. a. Structuralism b. Functionalism c. Gestalt d. Unconditional positive regard

d. Unconditional positive regard