Psychology Chapter 12 final

A(n) ________ is the evaluation of or feelings toward a person, idea, or object that are typically positive or negative. A. attitude B. cognition C. feeling D. sense

A. attitude

When it comes to social psychology, a script is a ________. A. person's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting B. prescription for psychotropic medicine C. set of instructions to be carried out D. written record of a person's history

A. person's knowledge about the sequence of events in a specific setting

What is the main point of the Stanford prison experiment? A. social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior B. students cannot be relied upon to act appropriately C. students cannot be trusted in roles of authority D. Zimbardo was an unethical researcher

A. social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior

Janeka does poorly on her psychology final, so she picks on her mother's ability to cook. A frustration aggression theorist might explain this by focusing on ________. A. the way Janeka's frustration with her exam led her to be aggressive toward her mother B. the way Janeka's frustration with her mother led her to do poorly on her exam C. which situational factors led Janeka to do poorly on her exam D. which dispositional factors led Janeka to do poorly on her exam

A. the way Janeka's frustration with her exam led her to be aggressive toward her mother

Which statement about social psychology is most accurate? A. People's thoughts are influenced by biology while their feelings and behaviors are influenced by social situations B. People's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social psychology C. People's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social situations D. People's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by their biology

B. People's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by social psychology

Don knows that drinking too much liquor is a costly habit that is bad for his health, but he continues to drink large amounts of liquor. He also thinks he is a smart person that makes good choices. Don feels some psychological discomfort from this contradiction, which is also called ________. A. aggressive discord B. cognitive dissonance C. perceptive deception D. peripheral dissension

B. cognitive dissonance

Mona works at a bank. When Luis, a Colombian man, arrives to drop off his paycheck she pretends to be busy and directs him to another teller. She does this whenever a non-White person wants assistance. This is an example of ________. A. aggression B. discrimination C. prejudice D. stereotype

B. discrimination

Which type of persuasion involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item? A. central cognitive B. foot-in-the-door C. head-in-the-sand D. peripheral route

B. foot-in-the-door

Jasmin belongs to the chess club on her campus. She prefers to associate with other members of the chess club while avoiding people that do not belong to this group. Jasmin has a(n) ________ bias. A. confirmation B. in-group C. out-group D. scapegoating

B. in-group

Suppose you are walking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of ________. A. aggression B. cognitive dissonance C. diffusion of responsibility D. prosocial behavior

C. diffusion of responsibility

. Which of the following is the best example of the foot-in-the-door technique of persuasion? A. anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use B. anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year C. getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether D. supporting your sister who has decided to go cold turkey in order to quit smoking

C. getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether

Based on the discussion in your text, which of the following strategies would effectively reduce prejudice between groups? A. assigning one group to supervise the other group in completing an assigned task B. having groups meet under equal terms and cooperate on a task C. having highly educated members of one group teach the children of the other group D. keeping intergroup contact to a minimum

C. having highly educated members of one group teach the children of the other group

Which of the following best defines the Asch effect? A. influence of one person on a large group B. influence of one person on the creation of a group goal C. influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment D. influence of the group minority on individual judgment

C. influence of the group majority on an individual's judgment

Which of the following is an example of the self-fulfilling prophecy? A. telling blue-eyed people they are unattractive, then feeling bad and complimenting people with blue eyes to avoid feeling guilty B. telling people you hate boy bands, then taking your child to a boy band fan club meeting C. telling someone with dyslexia she cannot learn to read, leading her to become illiterate even though she could learn to read with a bit of extra effort D. telling your spouse you hate his cooking, then taking over the cooking yourself to avoid food poisoning

C. telling someone with dyslexia she cannot learn to read, leading her to become illiterate even though she could learn to read with a bit of extra effort

Which of the following best exemplifies prosocial behavior? A. Avery forgets to call his grandmother on Mother's Day. B. Jason is blackmailed by Brianna. C. Mateo's mother provides child support to Mateo's father because of a court order. D. Tyler visits his aunt once a week to bring her groceries.

D. Tyler visits his aunt once a week to bring her groceries.

What was the major flaw in the Stanford prison experiment? A. The respondents wanted to leave, but Zimbardo would not let them. B. The students were not randomly assigned. C. The study went on too long. D. Zimbardo did not use a control group.

D. Zimbardo did not use a control group.

Kara gets an F on her social psychology exam. Then she goes home and gets into an argument with her roommate, Lee. Lee assumes Kara is yelling at him because she likes to bully him, not because she had a bad day. Lee is making a ________. A. central attitude shift B. central attribution error C. fundamental attitude shift D. fundamental attribution error

D. fundamental attribution error

Who was Stanley Milgram? A. social psychology professor at Yale who designed a mock prison to test the power of social roles B. social psychology professor at Yale who designed an experiment to test what would happen to the lone dissenter in a group C. social psychology professor at Yale who tested the hypothesis that brainstorming was less productive than the individual creative process D. social psychology professor at Yale who wanted to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis

D. social psychology professor at Yale who wanted to test the defense of "I was just following orders" typically used by accused Nazis

Fatima generalizes that all men are irresponsible players, cheaters, and liars. When it comes to men, Fatima may be applying ________: negative beliefs about individuals based solely on their membership in a group. A. cognitive dissonance B. diffusion of responsibility C. social exchange D. stereotypes

D. stereotypes

Which of the following strategies would effectively reduce racism? A. teaching children to avoid situations that might lead them to witness racism B. teaching children to conform to social expectations that discourage racism in public but ignore racism as long as it is privately expressed C. teaching children to ignore racism until we have eliminated racism from our society D. teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism

D. teaching children to think independently and challenge social norms that promote racism