Psychology: Chapter 6

According to Buxton, it is okay to sleep less than the optimum duration as long as: A) it falls in the appropriate circadian circle. B) it is at a place with appropriate lighting. C) it encourages appropriate metabolic cleansing. D) it is done right after learning a task.

A

Arjun is in a condition wherein he is fully awake, but not aware. This is most likely because he is: A) in a coma. B) driving. C) extremely drunk. D) sedated.

C

Which of the following holds true of an individual during the different stages of sleep? A) An individual in Stage 2 experiences no K-complexes. B) An individual in Stage 4 sleep experiences more sleep spindles than Stage 3. C) An individual in Stage 3 experiences more K-complexes than Stage 2. D) An individual in Stage 3 sleep experiences fewer sleep spindles than Stage 2.

D

Talking while driving: A) increases activity in regions of the brain associated with spatial processing. B) has no impact on the activity in areas of the brain associated with language processing. C) has no impact on the activity in regions of the brain associated with spatial processing. D) increases activity in areas associated with language processing.

D

What happens when one switches from one simple task to another? A) There is absolutely no lost time, unlike while switching between complex tasks. B) The amount of lost time is high. C) There is an equal amount of lost time just as in switching between complex tasks. D) The amount of lost time is low.

D

Which of the following is true about people who sleepwalk? A) People who sleepwalk do not engage in activities that normally occur during wakefulness. B) People who sleepwalk are easy to rouse. C) People who sleepwalk are likely to be acting out a dream. D) People who sleepwalk do not remember having been up.

D

With EEG technology, scientists were able to learn that: A) the brain can slip into states of minimal consciousness. B) the brain was relatively inactive during sleep. C) there is no distinct pattern of brain activity during sleep. D) sleep changes throughout the night.

D

Tamara complains that her husband can actually sleep anywhere and anytime. He can sleep for more than 10 hours a day, notwithstanding the fact that he even dozes off during meals and in the middle of conversations. If Tamara's husband visits the doctor, the doctor is most likely to diagnose his problem as ______. A) hypersomnia B) insomnia C) cataplexy D) somnambulism

A

Which of the following holds true regarding hypnosis? A) Hypnotized people are in reality awake. B) Hypnotized people are in reality asleep. C) Hypnotized people have voluntary control over their own behavior. D) Hypnotized people retain critical faculties of mind.

A

Which of the following statements is true of dreams? A) Dreams can occur in non-REM stage. B) Full-blown dreams are more common during non-REM than REM sleep. C) Dreams occur only in REM stage. D) Dreams coincide with the occurrence of sleep spindles.

A

Which of the following, in all probability, creates a consolidation of discrete experiences that evokes a holistic experience of something? A) The synchrony of cell assemblies B) Metaplasticity C) Tetanic stimulation D) Long-term potentiation

A

Alisha is employed as an air traffic controller. Which of the following abilities would be vital for Alisha? A) The ability to individually respond to specific auditory, visual, or tactile stimuli B) The ability to consistently maintain a behavioral response for continuous and repetitive activity C) The capacity to maintain quick and enhanced behavioral responses to involuntary stimuli D) The capacity for mental flexibility that allows her to shift the focus of attention and move between tasks which have different cognitive requirements

B

John is a heavy binge drinker who has trouble with planning, working memory, and abstract thinking. Scanning of John's brain would reveal that he has a damaged: A) parietal lobe. B) frontal lobe. C) occipital lobe. D) temporal lobe.

B

What were the results of the experiments conducted on participants who were variously administered mild pain, imagined pain, and hypnotized pain? A) Participants reported actually feeling pain only for real pain. B) Participants reported actually feeling pain for both real and hypnotically induced pain. C) Participants reported not feeling pain for hypnotically induced pain. D) Participants reported feeling pain for imagined pain.

B

Which of the following holds true when the retina of the eyes detect light in the morning? A) It stimulates the supraoptic nucleus. B) It stimulates the suprachiasmatic nucleus. C) It stimulates the nucleus accumbens. D) It stimulates the dorsomedial nucleus.

B

Which of the following is true about a person's performance and hippocampal activation? A) The more hippocampal activation shown during high-wave sleep, the better the person performs on the task the next day. B) The more hippocampal activation shown during slow-wave sleep, the better the person performs on the task the next day. C) The more hippocampal activation shown during slow-wave sleep, the worse the person performs on the task the next day. D) The less hippocampal activation shown during high-wave sleep, the worse the person performs on the task the next day.

B

Which of the following is true of nicotine? A) It reduces heart rate. B) It relaxes the autonomic nervous system. C) It arouses the skeletal muscles. D) It increases respiration rate.

B

Which of the following statements would be true about a sleeping person? A) The mind cannot distinguish between relevant and B) irrelevant stimuli. The mind can distinguish between relevant and irrelevant stimuli. C) The mind does not respond to any kind of stimuli. D) The sleeping state is akin to being in a preconscious state.

B

Which of the following views did psychologist Ernest Hilgard subscribe to? A) Under hypnosis, thoughts, feelings, and drives that threaten the waking mind come to the fore. B) Under hypnosis, one aspect of a person's mind can remain aware and open to stimulation from the outside while other parts are cut off from external input. C) Hypnotized individuals actually involve in role-playing by behaving the way they think a hypnotized person would behave. D) Hypnosis does not alter consciousness, nor do hypnotized individuals give up control of their behavior.

B

Why are women more likely to be affected by insomnia? A) They are less likely to cope with medical conditions. B) They are more likely to be iron deficient. C) They are more likely to consume alcohol. D) They are more prone to sleep less than two to four hours a day for two weeks or more.

B

What did Barber and colleagues find when they asked students to complete a daily sleep log and online diaries of perceived stress in life over a five-day period? A) A few days of sleep deficiency early on in the week can add to psychological strain but can be offset with sleep later in the week. B) A few days of sleep deficiency early in the week does not contribute to psychological strain. C) A few days of sleep deficiency early in the week can contribute to psychological strain later in the week despite attempts to offset with subsequent sleep. D) Consistent sleep patterns can wear us down as the body then cannot adjust suitably to any inconsistency in sleep that may arise.

C

What does the test to study sustained attention of people require them to do? A) Shift their focus of attention and move between tasks that have different cognitive requirements B) Respond discretely to specific visual, auditory, or tactile stimuli C) Maintain attentional focus for an extended period of time D) Respond to multiple task demands simultaneously

C

Which of the following holds true regarding consciousness? A) Much of what we do requires deliberate, conscious thought. B) Consciousness is an easily defined term. C) New information can cause consciousness to change dramatically. D) Consciousness has five aspects to it.

C

Which of the following is true about brain waves? A) Beta waves are higher in energy than alpha waves. B) Alpha waves are slower and lower in energy than theta waves. C) Theta waves are slower and lower in energy than alpha waves. D) Alpha waves are more rapid than beta waves.

C

Which of the following is true of neural firing research results? A) Behavioral responsiveness is not the only determining factor of an individual's capacity to communicate with other people. B) An individual in a vegetative state cannot react to any stimulus from the environment. C) Behavioral non-responsiveness cannot be the sole determinant of one's ability to interact with the world. D) An individual in a vegetative state can show signs of awareness without wakefulness.

C

Which of the following is true of nightmares? A) It is also known as night terrors. B) It is rarely experienced by adults. C) It is a result of post-traumatic stress disorder. D) It never occurs with cancer patients.

C

Which of the following statements about mindfulness is true? A) Mindfulness is a universal and a uniform phenomenon. B) Individuals who are mindful are not aware of their own feelings in response. C) Mindfulness can have various levels of intensity. D) An individual cannot develop his/her mindfulness using mental training techniques.

C

Anita has trained herself well to be less self-conscious and less anxious than what she previously was. This is due to the fact that she is: A) very attentive. B) minimally conscious. C) low on self-consciousness. D) highly mindful.

D

How does cocaine induce a sense of exhilaration? A) By decreasing the activity of the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain B) By producing a long but mild sense of euphoria C) By increasing the higher social regulatory functions of the cerebral cortex D) By increasing the availability of dopamine and serotonin in synapses

D

If Gary is a binge drinker, it means that he can have at least ________ drinks in a row. A) two B) three C) four D) five

D