Psychology Exam 2
According to Erikon's theory of socioemotional development, establishing ______ is the key challenge of adolescence
An identity
states that memory storage involves three separate systems: sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory
Atkinson-Shiffrin theory
According to Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, ________ intelligence predominantly involves the ability to design, invent, originate, and imagine
Creative
Elizabeth loftus, the renowned psychologist, focused her most notable research on
False memory
Which of the following Erikson's stages of psychological development occurs in middle adulthood?
Generativity vs stagnation
Chunking involves
Information that exceeds the 7 plus or minus 2 rule being grouped into higher-order units
A person's factual knowledge about the world is known as ______ memory, which is part of the broader category of ______ memory
Semantic; explicit
The work of Harry Harlow established that
contact comfort is more important than feeding in the attachment process.
Having a better memory for items at the beginning of a list demonstrates the _____, whereas having a better memory for items at the end of a list demonstrates the _____.
primacy effect and recency effect
Shannon is an excellent student. She rewrites her class notes after each class. Rewriting her notes is a form of
rehearsal
People who are gifted have an IQ of
130 or higher
George Miller's classic research showed that the average capacity of short-term memory id between _____ units of information
5 & 9
A child with a mental age of 9 and a chronological age of 12 has an IQ of
75
People's decisions are likely to be biased because they tend to seek out and listen to others whose views confirm their views while they avoid those with dissenting views. This is a characteristic of
Confirmation bias
Is the identity status of an adolescent who has neither explored nor committed to an identity
Identity diffusion
How long does information last in sensory memory?
Less than one second , for visual information
The strange situation test is used to assess an infant's
Style of attachment
According to Gardner's multiple intelligences, which of the following types of vocations would most likely require interpersonal intelligence?
Teachers
If a child's mental age is higher than his or her chronological age, this means that
The child's IQ is above average
In the united states, intelligence is generally defined as
an all-purpose ability to do well on cognitive tasks, to solve problems, and to learn from experience
Chloe is a baby who cries a lot. She does not eat or sleep on a regular schedule and she often has difficulty adapting to new experiences. Psychologists would say that Chloe's temperament can be described as _____.
difficult
Refers to the process by which information gets into memory storage
encoding
______ has to do with remembering who, what, where, when, and why. _______ has to do with remembering how.
explicit memory and implicit memory
According to james marcia, the two dimensions of identity are
exploration and commitment
With ________, people tend to view events that have happened as more predictable than they were, and to represent themselves as being more accurate in their predictions than they actually were.
hindsight bias
Linda, a 16-year-old high school sophomore, has decided to pursue law because everyone in her family is a lawyer. This is an example of
identity foreclosure
Sammy is in third grade. When he won the spelling bee, he felt proud of his accomplishment. But when he could not complete his arithmetic assignment on time, he felt incompetent. Which of Erikson's developmental stages does this reflect?
industry vs inferiority
James is a scientist and his sister, Emily, is an engineer. According to Howard Gardner's nine types of intelligence, both James and Emily are most likely to score high on
mathematical intelligence
If an intelligence test produces the same score over multiple administrations but it doesn't accurately measure intelligence, then the test is _____ but not _____.
reliable and valid
Infants who display secure attachment
use their caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment
