Psychology Final Practice

Instead of playing the football championship game, JT would buy cars and give them to complete strangers. He does not seem to be strange but that is just the product of the lack of sleep and visual hallucinations. JT is experience symptoms of which disorder?

Bipolar 1

One of the unique attributes of the cuttlefish is that the sensory receptors and ganglion cells are in the exact reverse order compared the eye of a human. Which of the following is missing from the eyes of a cuttlefish, but is found in the eye of a typical human?

Blind spot

Jenny decides to try an experiment on her little brother Joey while they are watching T.V. At the beginning of every commercial break Jenny offers Joey a piece of her candy. By the time their show is done, another commercial plays. Joey feels his mouth salivate, anticipates the candy, and reaches out his hand to Jenny for the expected candy. What type of conditioning is exhibited in this scenario?

Both Operant and Classical

Your friend, Joyce, was diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder and started dialectical behavioral Therapy (DBT). She is excited to tell you about her session, especially how DBT is based on the idea of radical acceptance and has three steps. Which of the following does she not tell you about?

Change harmful thought patterns.

Amal has constant thoughts about failing his driver's license exam. He worries that if he fails, his friends will never talk to him again and he will be alone for the rest of his life. What therapy would be the best treatment for Amal?

Cognitive-behavioral

Jamie rewards his children only when they are doing well in school. This style of parenting will influence his children's personality based on ______, according to Carl Rogers.

Conditions of worth

You and your best friend join a research study to determine if participating in a bi-weekly yoga class will improve your Call of Duty scores. Which variable would be the Call of Duty score?

Dependent

Claud is dealing with a lot of stress. Which course of action would best help Claud get through this difficult time?

Engaging with a strong support system of people who care.

Henry is a sophomore. He currently has a lot on his plate and needs to evaluate his life. Based off of Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which of the following should be last on his list?

Establishing a good reputation.

Imani took part in a risky experiment in which Dr. Nonsense completely removed her hippocampus! Which of the following will Imani no longer be able to do?

Form and consolidate new memories

J.W., who has split-brain, is reading a magazine. In his left visual field he sees a picture of Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie. In his right field of vision he sees a picture of the newest Batman movie. If you were to ask J.W. what he was seeing at that moment, how is he likely to respond?

"I'm looking at the new Batman poster and it looks awesome!"

Javier's first boy, Juan, has just turned three years old. Javier has been noting Juan's temperament so that he can better understand Juan. Which of the following would Javier be LEAST likely to see his son exhibit?

"Juan does not like to be left alone for too long"

Jenny Flint is worried about getting Botox because she knows that it inhibits the release of the same neurotransmitter responsible for motor control. Which neurotransmitter is she thinking of?

Acetylcholine

Dr. Susan L. Ackerman, a US neurogeneticist, wants study how genes affect the brain development. She wants to try to eliminate the effect that environment has on people with similar genes. What type of study would be most effective for her?

Adoption

Giovanni scored highly on his intelligence test. What could we reasonably expect of his cognitive performance?

Advanced long term memory

Alexi is attached to an EEG in another room. A researcher is looking at the readings of the EEG and is trying to determine if Alexi is awake or asleep. Currently, Alexi's readings shows a flurry of beta wave activity. Which answer correctly identifies Alexi's conscious state?

Alexi could be asleep or awake. Beta wave activity is present when awake and when experiencing REM sleep.

Since the neuron is the basic unit of our nervous system, it preforms a series a jobs. Which of the following is NOT similar to a job or function that is fulfilled by a neuron? a. A mailman sending communications.; b. An interpreter translating information.; c. An electrocution sending electrical impulses.; d. A builder forming connections.

An interpreter translating information.

Ester is daydreaming as she "listens" to her dad teach her how to make lemon bars. He tells Ester to have them done around dinner time. Ester panics! She was listening to her dad's directions, but doesn't know how to make lemon bars! Which of the following contributes most to Ester's inability to make tasty lemon bars?

Attention

Cassandra grew up in a home that encouraged her to explore the environment. A few bruised legs, scraped elbows, and dirty hands later, she has developed a strong sense of independence and positive self-esteem. This is the best example of which stage of Erikson's model?

Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt

Horatio has been hypnotized by Harold the Horrible Hypnotizer! Harold commanded Horatio to rob a bank every time he hears the word "cash". But what Harold didn't know is that Horatio is extremely suggestible. What does this mean for the hypnotized Horatio?

Because Horatio is extremely suggestible, he is likely to obey the posthypnotic suggestion and will rob banks every time someone says the word "cash"!

Goliath wants to conduct an observational study to see if gender in toddlers affects their toy preference. He realizes that this research method has advantages and disadvantages. Which of the following is an advantage of the research method Goliath chose?

He could perform his observation in either the laboratory or in their homes.

Ian is learning how to knit. Even when he tries to complete a simple project he finds that the work requires his complete attention. His Grandma, who has been knitting for decades, can complete complex projects while talking or watching T.V., what explains the difference between Ian and his Grandma?

Ian is learning a new and complex task, which requires increased effort and controlled processes. His Grandma has mastered knitting and it requires less attention

Paige and Shelly are both sophomores in high school. They have recently been exploring different social roles and frequently change theirs. Which stage of Erikson's model are they most likely experiencing?

Identity versus Role Confusion

Hui Yi is worried about her daughter going to a party because there may be factors at the party that influence her daughter's behavior. Considering the reciprocal determinism model, which of the following factors should she NOT worry about? a. The environment of the party; b. Her expectation of the party; c. If she has been to similar parties; d. Her level of self-confidence

If she has been to similar parties

Maggie is learning how to ride her bike and loses her balance. She falls and scrapes her knee sending an immediate pain signal from her leg to her brain. Which is MOST likely responsible for this process?

Immediacy

Messer constantly talks about how much he loves fishing. However, every time he is invited to go fishing, he makes an excuse not to go. What kind of subconscious attitude is keeping Messer from fishing?

Implicit

Adilet is thinking of following the doctor's advice and give her teenage son SSRI (antidepressant) medication. She knows SSRI use is controversial, but it may be able to help him. What is something that she should watch out for?

Increased suicidal thoughts

Jay reaches into his freezer and grabs a frozen hot pocket. He notices that his hand feels both cold and hot at the same time! Which of the following can help explain Jay's sensory experience?

Intense temperatures trigger both hot and cold receptors

Janet has been suffering from insomnia for the last few weeks. Which method for handling insomnia is likely to benefit Janet the most?

Janet should identify habits that she can change to promote better sleep.

Nancy Neuron and Ned Neuron are hanging out in the brain. They're located right next to each other, so Nancy and Ned are always firing in sequence. After a while, this constant firing starts to change the two neurons! It's almost as if their connection is being strengthened! What would a psychologist call the process of this change?

Long-term potentiation

When Jodi was a child she disliked M&M's. However, after repeated exposure over many years she eventually liked, and even craved them. What did Jodi experience?

Mere exposure effect

Emily is a 4-year-old girl. Recently, her parents have grown concerned because Emily likes to yell a certain four-letter curse word as she runs around outside. Her parents never taught Emily to say this word, but they realize that they have accidentally said it around her. What psychological process is going on here?

Modeling

Patricia experiences constant uncontrollable muscle spasms. They are most prominent in her face and neck which impair her basic functioning because she constantly hits her head on things around her when she spasms. What disorder is Patricia experiencing?

Motor

Strax has a hard time remembering the hypothalamus. He remembers that the thalamus is the sensory gateway and the Latin root of hypo means less or under. Therefore, he concludes that the hypothalamus deals with extra sensory information that occurs but is not focused on. Is Strax correct in his guess?

No, it motivates our behavior

Autumn is conducting research on the psychological impact of Ferbies on young adults and wants to collect data using in-person interviews. However, she is concerned that the main disadvantage of this method is its subjectivity. Is her concern justified?

No. This would only be a concern is she was focusing on the Ferbie's psychological impact on a single subject.

Misha is a fifth grade student in the 1940's. She makes a mistake and the teacher raps her across the knuckles with a ruler. Misha flinches, the teacher tells her not to flinch while she hits her three more times. Why does Misha comply with the teacher's instructions?

Obedience

Stanley Milgram performed a famous experiment. Many subjects agreed to administer lethal levels of electric shock to victims they believed were real people because they were told they could not stop by the experimenter. What was Milgram hoping to demonstrate with his study?

Obedience

Captain Ludvik remembers that the lobes involve senses expect the frontal lobe which is important for complex thought. In order to prove her wrong Courtney listed a few process that occur in each lobe. Which of the following matches are INCORRECT and should be changed before Courtney gives this list to Captain Ludvik?

Occipital lobe-face recognition

Dan is getting married. With all of the wedding plans and family conflicts surrounding the wedding, he wonders if the stress he's experiencing indicates that being married may be bad for his health. What have studies shown to be the most likely impact of marriage on Dan's health?

People who are happily married are generally healthier than single people.

Tootsie is driving down I-15 at 65 MPH when she is cut-off by a vehicle driving erratically and speeding at 90 MPH. She thinks, "I wonder if they are heading to the hospital, or if they have an emergency." Tootsie's thinking is best represented by which of the following levels of moral reasoning?

Postconventional

Emery is experiencing stress because his parents just got divorced. Which of these is NOT a stress response that Emery might experience? a. Immune; b. Fight -or-flight; c. Negative stress; d. Problem-focused

Problem-focused

Sandra is a nurse at a long-term care facility. Her training primarily focused on the biological aspects of health and illness, but she has observed other factors that influence her patients. According to the biopsychosocial model, what other factors might be contributing to Sandra's patients' health or illness?

Psychological factors and social conditions

In the fictional show Brothers and Sisters, Kevin bullies another kid that he thinks might be gay. Kevin later admits that this was just a defense mechanism to hide his own sexual orientation. According to psychodynamic theory, which defense mechanism was Kevin using?

Reaction formation

HM's surgery removed different parts of the anterior temporal lobe which included the hippocampus. Due to the removal of HM's hippocampus which of these activities would have been difficult for him?

Recalling what he ate for lunch

Jenny stops her neighbors dog from being hit by a scooter. When she returns the dog to her neighbor, the neighbor says, "Thank you for saving Poochie Poo! How can I ever repay you?" Jenny, knows that someday she may need a favor from her neighbor. The idea of you help me, and I'll help you is a type of altruism called?

Reciprocal helping

Candace works in a residential treatment center for teenagers coping with addiction. She has noticed that there are a number of biological factors that we know about addiction, but that we still have not found an accurate way to do what?

Reduce withdrawal symptoms.

Lehua has a son that has been recently diagnosed with ADHD. She has been giving him Ritalin but has not seen an increase in his ability to pay attention. What is the MOST LIKELY reason for this?

Ritalin works on decreasing negative behavior.

Sharon is a lighting designer who works for the fashion industry. She has been asked to create a lighting design that has high intensity of color. What property of light would Sharon most want to focus on to get this effect?

Saturation

When Gemini began high school she perceived herself as kind and friendly. After becoming a cheerleader, people perceived her as rude and stuck up. By the end of the year, Gemini perceived herself as rude and stuck up. Which of the following does this example illustrate?

Self-fulfilling prophecy

Steven is allergic to cats. While walking home be passes a cat and feels a faint stimulus on his leg. He rushes home to take benadryl but, before taking his medication, he realizes it was a false alarm. What sensation theory BEST describes what happened to Steven?

Signal detection

Tim works in disaster relief. He recently returned to a small town in the Midwest about a year after a devastating tornado. Tim was surprised to learn that some disaster victims were able to bounce back quickly, while others in were not able to recover as easily. What might explain this?

Some people display resilience that allow them to be more stress resistant.

Brackson developed a fear of dogs after one attacked his brother. What best explains Brackson's fear of dogs?

Specific phobia

Jannessa and Erik are discussing what they were reading in their psychology textbook. As a method of review, they are writing down what they remember after reading. Currently, they're reviewing the three types of learning. Jannessa looks at Erik's list and notices that one of the items is wrong! Which of the following items should NOT be on Erik's list? a. Non-associative learning; b. Spontaneous remembrance; c. Associative learning; d. Learning by watching others

Spontaneous remembrance

Xander has a debilitating clown phobia. His friend asks Xander to think of a happy clown, then say that clowns aren't scary. After several other steps Xander goes to a birthday party where a clown is present and doesn't have a panic attack. What treatment did Xander undergo?

Systematic desensitization

Dolly is experiencing a lot of stress in her life. Her response to this stress is to protect and care for her children. What is the name of this type of stress response?

Tend-and-befriend

Cynthia uses the same lullaby to put her daughter Taylor to sleep at night and for naps. When Taylor hears this music, no matter how energetic she may seem, she yawns and acts sleepy. Relating this to classical conditioning, which of the following would be the unconditioned stimulus?

The lullaby

Huang cannot stop eating! His doctor says he has a tumor that is affecting a brain structure that is associated with eating. Which of the following structures could NOT possibly be affected by Huang's tumor? a. His hypothalamus; b. The pituitary gland; c. Huang's gustatory cortex; d. The reticular formation

The pituitary gland

Robert is conducting a study on cognitive influences on classical conditioning. Which of the following would NOT be an example of a cognitive influence on classical conditioning? a. Temporal relationship between the unconditioned stimulus and the conditioned stimulus.; b. The sense by which a stimulus is experienced.; c. Amount of unexpectedness associated with the stimulus paring.; d. Predictability of the stimulus pairing.

The sense by which a stimulus is experienced.

Rose and Mickey are arguing about neuron communication. Rose states that the entire process is done by chemical signals, but Mickey states that it is by electrical charges. Which one is correct?

They are both correct-neurons use both chemical signals and electrical charges.

Harry is brought into therapy and is complaining about an addiction to cocaine. Before, he could just use a small amount before he got a rush, but now it takes him much more to get the same rush. What is this an example of?

Tolerance

During the latest Salt Lake Comic Con, Camille accidently said "Sex Luther" instead of Lex Luther when answering questions about Superman. According to the psychodynamic theory, what is the cause of this Freudian slip?

Unconscious

Tyrell wants to create a marketing campaign using subliminal messages to influence the public to buy EverBrite, a toothpaste that permanently brightens teeth after one use. However, after taking PSY1010 he knows what about subliminal messaging?

While subliminal perception has been shown to be real, it doesn't seem that subliminal messages have very strong effects on complex behavior

This is Helga's first visit to the U.S. She's excited to see sights and try food! However, she quickly notices something odd about American culture. They're overly concerned about people's day and constantly ask "How's your day going?" This is different than her native Germany! What would a psychologist call this piece of American culture?

a meme

Besides being a student, Psi is also a construction worker. One day, he's at work and realizes that the cell body of a neuron is much like the foreman (organizer) at a construction site because the cell body

collects and integrates information.

Jude returned from his first therapy session for borderline personality disorder. He was told about the three steps of ______. Today they began step 1: replacing his most extreme behaviors, like self-harm, with less destructive ones.

dialectical behavior therapy

Enrique, an interior designer, has a client that wants the white walls of his dining room slightly darker than the white walls of the living room. Enrique must determine the ______ threshold of his client in order to satisfy him.

difference

Danica, a grandmother of five, enjoys watching her grandkids play at the park across the street. She likes to observe them playing cooperatively and sometimes keeps track of their cooperative behaviors. Danica is likely employing ______. However, to be confident about her conclusion that the more cooperative behaviors she sees the better time her grandkids are having she must use ______.

empiricism; the scientific method

Susan and Aimee are done with finals! During finals week, they got together to bake cookies and watch movies. Aimee remembered a study that explained how their response to the stress of finals was called ______, and told Susan about it.

end and befriend response

A study is being done on two monozygotic (identical) twins that were separated at birth. Scientists observed more differences than similarities between the two. In this single case study, the scientists might suggest the main cause for such differences to be the twins' ______.

environment

Yahim is one of the most promising students in his class. He exhibits talents in math, science, English, and even music. Upon assessment, Yahim is likely to score high in ______ intelligence.

general

Herman is interested in psychological research that includes promoting well-being through good habits. Herman is most likely a ______ psychologist.

health

Alegra has been playing piano since she was little. She tries to teach her friend but is unable to explain how to play - she can only show him. She doesn't even remember first learning herself. Alegra's knowledge about piano is most likely a(n) ______ memory.

implicit

Phoebe is so excited about using the things she read in Freud's Interpretation of Dreams to help her friends understand their dreams better. According to Freud's Theory, Phoebe's friends should tell her the manifest content or what they saw in the dream and she will use Freud's book to explain the

latent content, or the meaning behind what they saw in the dream.

Dr. Davidson is seeing two depressed clients: Bob and Diane. Bob has been severely depressed for a month. Diane has been mildly depressed for three years. Dr. Davidson will most likely diagnose Bob with ______ depressive disorder and Diane with ______ depressive disorder.

major; persistent

Your friend Boris wonders how his body continues to function while sleeping. His understanding is that our brain "shuts off" when we fall asleep. Having taken General Psychology, you know better. You explain that different parts of your brain are active throughout sleep; including the ______ region that regulates basic survival functions, maintaining things like your breathing and heart rate.

midbrain

Jerry is using operant conditioning to train his lion and gazelle to get along. He is following all the guidelines but it's not working! He cannot seem to prevent their defensiveness and aggression toward one another. The most plausible reason for this is that

non-aggressive behavior between these two animals would go against their biological predispositions.

Ken suffers from post-traumatic stress disorder due to a traumatic event he experienced when he was 11. This vivid recall of his traumatic event is an example of

persistence.

Jacob was out passed curfew last night and, as a result, his father woke him up at 6 a.m. with a list of extra chores to do. Jacob's father is using

positive punishment.

Rigsy is playing "Red Light Green Light" with his friends. He hears his teammates shouting "red light!" and "green light!" at him. He decided to hold very still because he heard more "red lights!" than "green lights!" Because you have taken PSY1010, you realize that this situation is similar to the process of ______ in a neuron.

postsynaptic potential

Jake was just born and has a few hardwired reflexes to aid in his survival. His mother has just finished feeding him and strokes the corner of his mouth while dabbing off the extra milk. Using the ______ reflex he turns his head and begins to

rooting; suck.

Trinity's brother shines a flashlight in her eyes, very briefly afterwards Trinity sees a trail of bright light in her visual field. Trinity is most likely using ______ storage at that moment?

sensory

Saundra has a rebellious older sister, Vicki. Vicki is constantly getting into trouble, and Saundra learns many important lessons from Vicki's mistakes and the consequences associated with those mistakes. In this way Saundra learned from watching her sister, more specifically she learned through

vicarious conditioning.

Neo is shopping with his mother at a street fair. He looks up and see's she is no longer beside him. He scans the crowd and spots her quickly because she is wearing a big red hat. Neo is using ______ attention to spot his mother.

visual

Mandrin hears a new country song on the radio, she immediately beings to sing the chorus after the song is finished. The process of manipulating information to keep it available for current use is an example of ______ memory?

working