Psychology: Module 8
Which of the following is TRUE about sleep?
The auditory cortex responds to sound stimuli during sleep.
Which of the following statements about the suprachiasmatic nucleus is FALSE?
The suprachiasmatic nucleus secretes a naturally occurring compound that regulates REM sleep.
Who of the following would be MOST likely to suffer from sleepwalking?
a child with an identical twin who sleepwalks
The distinction between manifest content and latent content is central to ______________ theory of dreams.
Freud's wish-fulfillment
It is at the end of this stage of sleep that children may wet the bed or begin walking in their sleep.
NREM-3
The link between chronic sleep deprivation and weight gain can be attributed to all of the following EXCEPT:
Sleep deprivation enhances the activation of the hippocampus, which produces hormones that trigger hunger.
Psychologists believe that there are five main reasons for sleep. Which of the following is NOT one of those reasons?
Sleep helps us eliminate unconscious conflicts from memory.
Which of the following should Marquis do if he wants to improve his psychology exam scores?
Study early in the evening, then go to bed and get at least 8 hours of sleep.
According to the _____ theory, dreaming is our subjective awareness of the brain's internally generated signals that occur repeatedly during a night's sleep.
activation-synthesis (neural activation) model of dreaming
The relatively slow brain waves of an individual when in a relaxed, awake state are called:
alpha waves.
One in ten adults complain of this sleep disorder in which they have nightly problems falling or staying asleep.
insomnia
"I dreamed that there was a large purple elephant chasing my car last night," said Jorge. In terms of Freudian dream theory, Jorge is describing the _________________ of his dream.
manifest content
People with this sleep disorder experience periodic, overwhelming sleepiness.
narcolepsy
Susan has been prescribed medication to keep her awake so she is less likely to fall asleep behind the wheel of her car. She most likely suffers from:
narcolepsy
Chronic sleep deprivation is most likely to contribute to:
suppression of the immune system.
Exposure to sunlight and other bright light:
suppresses the production of melatonin.
Which of the following statements best captures Sigmund Freud's view of dreaming?
Dream imagery is a symbolic expression of unacceptable urges, wishes, and desires.
_____ recordings provide evidence for the fact that the brain responds to sound stimuli during sleep.
EEG
Who among the following individuals is most likely to sleep talk?
7-year-old Jacob, who belongs to a family with a history of sleep disorders
Which of the following is TRUE about the link between thinking and learning and sleep?
After people work on a task, then sleep on it, they solve difficult problems more insightfully than do those who stay awake.
Which of the following is TRUE about one study of sexual content and dreams?
Only 1 in 10 dreams among young men and 1 in 30 among young women had sexual content.
Which of the following statements about dreams is FALSE?
Positive feelings and events are more common than negative ones.
Roger went to see his doctor with a complaint of erectile disorder. As part of his treatment, his doctor has him participate in a sleep disorder study. The cause of his ED was later determined to be psychological, not physiological. Why?
because Roger had a morning erection
Studies show that chronic sleep deprivation is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:
better academic performance.
Suresh lightly sprayed cold water on his younger brother Sammy's face while Sammy was sleeping. The next morning Sammy is most likely to report:
having a dream about swimming near a waterfall.
According to the textbook, sleep consolidates our memories by reactivating recent experiences stored in the _____ and then shifting them for permanent storage elsewhere in the cortex.
hippocampus
Where is the suprachiasmatic nucleus located?
in the hypothalamus in the brain
According to research cited in your textbook, which of the following is NOT one of the advantages well-rested athletes have?
increased release of a speed hormone
In which of the following dream theories does REM sleep trigger neural activity that evokes random visual memories, which our sleeping brain then weaves into stories?
neural activation theory
This sleep disorder, which occurs within two to three hours of falling asleep, is characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified.
night terrors
REM sleep is also called:
paradoxical sleep.
Dr. Ramirez is a sleep researcher who wishes to record the rhythmic electrical patterns of the brain. He is most likely to use which of the following methods?
recording brain waves on an electroencephalograph (EEG)
Manifest content in Freud's wish-fulfillment theory of dreams is:
remembered content.
If you gently wake someone whose eyes are moving under their eyelids, there is about an 8 percent chance she will:
report she was in the midst of a dream.
Parents of newborns often complain about being chronically tired because their infants' crying, feeding, and diaper changing interrupt their sleep. After many nights, they develop what is known as:
sleep debt.
Leon has procrastinated, and is cramming in an attempt to memorize a great deal of material for his final exams. Finished at last, he goes to bed. Unfortunately, his next-door neighbor has a noisy, barking dog. The barking interrupts Leon's sleep cycle, especially during REM sleep. The next day Leon does very poorly on his exams. According to the information-processing theory of dreams, one explanation for his poor performance (in addition to his study habits) is that:
the barking interfered with his REM sleep, which in turn interfered with memory consolidation.
According to Freud, manifest content refers to:
the elements of a dream that are consciously experienced and remembered by the dreamer.
According to ______, dreams help us sort out the day's events and consolidate our memories.
the information-processing model
