psychology of adjustment test 1

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choice overload

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when long-term treatments are needed for chronic illness, noncompliance with medical advice occurs

50% of the time

high active antiretroviral therapy, which became popular in the mid-1990s, significantly lengthened the lives of people living with which chronic health condition?

AIDS

which drug was developed (accidentally) in a lab, later used in psychotherapy and formed the basis of the religion founded by Harvard psychologist Dr. Timothy Leary?

LSD

as ice cream consumption increases so does the incidence of drowning. this relationship is an example of

a postive correlation

according to the video we watched of Robert sapolsky, our stress response evolved to handle ____ stressors, but it is more commonly activated in humans today by ___ stressors (which make us sick)

acute; chronic

research on physical activity and stress suggests that ____ yields the most positive effects

aerobic exercise

which commented of Type A behavior seems to be Most responsible for increase rate of heart attacks?

anger and hostility

patients with Munchausens syndrom

are trying to adopt the sick role

generally, which kind of internal conflicts tends to be the most stressful?

avoidance-avoidance conflict

most experimental studies do not support the catharsis hypothesis and instead find that ___

behaving aggressively leads to more aggression

in Ellis' ABCs, which aspect determines whether a person interprets the behavior using catastrophic thinking or reasonable optimism?

belief system

is change generally stressful?

both negative changes (e.g., loss of a spouse) and positive changes (e.g., getting married) are stressful

often cited as an issue in the workplace, a person may become physically and emotionally exhausted, cynical, and have low self-efficacy. this state is called:

burnout

your book discussed how all of the following personal factors promote stress tolerance except:

burnout

Albert Ellis believed that problematic emotional reactions to stress are caused by

catastrophic thinking

smoking rates are highest in which country?

china

psychological stress can lead to neurological symptoms such as paralysis, blindness, or even seizures. what is this called?

conversion disorder

in her TED talk Kelly McGonigal discusses two hormone that are relapsed in response to stress. the first ___, leads to negative health outcomes, while the second ___, buffers people from the negative effects of stress.

cortisol; oxytocin

the paradox of process is the notion that _____

despite unparalleled advances in technology, we seem to have more social and personal difficulties (e.g., never having enough time)

defense mechanisms work primarily through

distorting reality so it does not seem so unpleasant and threatening

which strategy would be least effective if I was trying to break a bad habit?

distract myself from the behavior

secondary appraisal involves

evaluating your coping resources and options for dealing with stress

according to your text, the two main types of research methods in psychology are ___ research methods and. ___ research methods

experimental; correlational

the leading cause of death in North America is :

heart disease `

in her TED talk, Wendy Suzuki describes how aerobic exercise is extremely beneficial to the brain, specifically she mentions that exercise actually produces brand new brain cells in which brain structure?

hippocampus

people who give up bc they feel like they have no control (nothing they can do affects their outcome) are exhibiting:

learned helplessness

rather than necessarily prompting the onset, stress is usually related to the course of this disease.

obesity?

we watched a video from the Mayo Clinic about the "opioid crisis" in the US. people may become addictive to these drugs after they have been prescribed for what medical condition?

pain

general adaptation syndrome, a model the body's nonspecific response to stress, includes all of the following phases except:

plateau

if you choose to look on the bright side of a bad situation, you're using which constructive coping strategy?

positive reinterpretation

many people experience great loss (e.g., family, friends, cherished possessions) after a natural disaster. this stress may lead some to mental health issues (depression), but others feel that they learn from the experience and become a b better person. this latter phenomenon is called:

post-traumatic growth

what kind of stressor is associated with scoring the final goal to win the game?

pressure to preform

according to your book, which of the following is a consequence (rather than a source) of stress?

psychosomatic disease

which of the following is very important to overall happiness?

relationship satisfaction

all of the following are maladaptive coping strategies except:

releasing pent-up emotions through journaling

which two characteristics behavior define habits

repeated, stable context

which of the following types of drugs are the most dangerous?

sedative

if you want to lose weight and keep it off for the long-term, which is the most important lifestyle factor to work on?

sedentary behavior

which of the following is NOT a type of constructive coping described in your text?

self-focused

"retail therapy" is what kind of maladaptive coping strategy?

self-indulgence

which of the following is NOT an essential component of emotional intelligence?

separating emotion from though

what is the most preventable cause of death in the US?

smoking

which of the following should you look for in self-help books?

some mention of the theoretical or research basis for the advice, focus on a particular kind of problem, provide. explicit directions. about how to alter behavior

when people need to consume larger and larger doses of a drug to obtain the desired effect, they have. developed __ on/for the drug

tolerance

helena often used humor to point our her faults and shortcoming, it is most likely that her use of humor

will increase her depression