Psychology Past Quiz Questions Test 2

Which theory of emotion explains that emotions occur when physical arousal is labeled or interpreted on the basis of your past experiences, the situation, and the reactions of others?

Schachter's cognitive theory

Which of the following describes the Yerkes-Dodson law?

Simple tasks are performed best when arousal levels are relatively high, yet complex tasks are performed best when arousal levels are low.

Which theory of emotion holds the view that bodily changes PRECEDE emotion and that we experience an emotion only AFTER our body reacts?

The James-Lange theory

Amir bites his fingernails when he is nervous or anxious, and he does so without any intention or even recognition that he is doing so. This is an example of ________, a pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage

a habit

Amir bites his fingernails when he is nervous or anxious, and he does so without any intention or even recognition that he is doing so. This is an example of ________, a pattern of behavior in which we regularly engage.

a habit

Which theory suggests that people learn to seek particular levels of activation for their body and nervous system with the right mix of activities preventing boredom or overstimulation?

arousal theory

The position that there is an ideal, or comfortable, level of arousal for various activities and that individuals attempt to keep arousal near this ideal level is called the

arousal theory.

Which of the following exemplifies extrinsically motivated behavior?

babysitting your younger brother in order to receive an hourly fee

You have just broken up with your longtime partner. Your face is contorted in sadness, your shoulders are slumped, and tears are forming in the corners of your eyes. These outward signs represent which component of emotions?

behavioral changes

The hierarchy of needs is the spectrum of needs ranging from basic ________ needs to ________ needs and finally striving for self-actualization.

biological; social

Which of the following would enhance one's self-confidence?

getting support and encouragement from an observer

Biological drives are essential because they maintain a steady state of bodily equilibrium called

homeostasis

The body monitors and maintains internal states, such as body temperature, at relatively constant levels. This is due to

homeostasis

The body monitors and maintains internal states, such as body temperature, at relatively constant levels. This is due to

homeostasis.

Which of the following is an example of an instinctive behavior?

infant rooting for a nipple

Biological motives are

innate and necessary for survival.

Cici firmly believes that every child deserves a loving parent. She becomes a foster parent because she knows that it is the right thing to do, even though she receives no material rewards for doing so. Cici becomes a foster parent because of ________ motivation.

intrinsic

Basic emotions, such as fear, are likely first processed by subcortical brain structures in the

limbic system

The amygdala specializes in producing fear and is part of the

limbic system

Otto is so driven to become a school psychologist that he spends every night studying. This sentence describes the wants or needs that direct behavior toward a goal, also called ________.

motivation

Extrinsic motivation stems from

obvious external rewards

Extrinsic motivation stems from

obvious external rewards.

Tesla crafts dolls in her spare time. Her father constantly encourages her to sell them on eBay. When she finally agrees to sell them, she notices that while she still enjoys making the dolls, she no longer does it for fun—she does it to make money. This is an example of the ________ effect.

overjustification

According to Schachter's theory of emotion, the specific emotion that an aroused person experiences depends on the

person's past experiences, the situation, and the reactions of others.

Food, water, shelter, and warmth represent ________ needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

physiological

According to the Schachter-Singer two-factor theory of emotion, emotions consist of two factors: ________.

physiological and cognitive

Which component of emotion involves alterations in one's heart rate, blood pressure, perspiration, and other bodily stirrings?

physiological changes

What is the correct order of needs in Maslow's hierarchy?

physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem, self-actualization

Which of the following would be considered intrinsic motivation?

reading a book on history to increase your knowledge

You are being given a polygraph test as a condition of being employed at your company. The best advice would be for you to

remain calm and then actively challenge the results if the machine wrongly questions your honesty.

Maslow called the full use of personal potential

self-actualization

Which theory of emotion holds the view that bodily changes PRECEDE emotion and that we experience an emotion only AFTER our body reacts?

the James-Lange theory

According to the facial feedback hypothesis, people's emotional experiences are influenced by

their own facial expressions

You have just narrowly missed hitting a car that pulled out in front of you. Your heart is pounding, your throat is dry, your hands are trembling, and you are sweating. Your reactions

were caused by the autonomic nervous system

If you suggest that smiling can make someone feel happier, then you believe in the ________.

facial feedback hypothesis

In one study, compared to normal participants, participants injected with Botox showed less brain activity while they imitated angry faces. Thus, it is indeed possible that these participants felt less emotion as a consequence of the Botox, according to which theory of emotion?

facial feedback hypothesis

Which theory of emotion BEST explains how "putting on a happy face" can actually make you feel better?

facial feedback hypothesis

Which of the following psychologists called the full use of potential "self-actualization" and described a hierarchy of human needs?

Abraham Maslow

Which theory of emotion would explain that if you see a bear, your brain activity will simultaneously produce bodily arousal, running, and the feeling called fear?

Cannon-Bard theory

What is the main idea of drive theory?

deviations from homeostasis create physiological needs that then push us to behave

Self-worth, accomplishment, and confidence represent the ________ level of needs in Maslow's hierarchy of needs.

esteem